I anti-Hitler womanyano

Anti-uHitler angalawuliyo kunokuthathwa umanyano eyavela ngobusuku. Ukuxabana nongquzulwano phakathi nxaxheba abenza potshots kuwo ngalo lonke ixesha sisekho yayo. Yintoni isizathu sokuba ubu le manyano?

Njani ukuba kwaqala

Imvelaphi yombutho, waya ezantsi kwimbali njenge "anti-Hitler womanyano," Ukwalamana zezivumelwano ezazikho phakathi UK, eFransi, Poland kunye namanye amazwe aseYurophu. NgoSeptemba 1939, emva kokuba iJamani yahlasela iPoland, le ithi waya emfazweni. Ngoko kwakukho umfelandawonye "Amanyeneyo Western", eyaqala kwasekudalweni anti-uHitler womanyano.

Kude 1941 yiSoviet Union le manyano iye azifakwanga. Sasayinwa Germany zoxolo isivumelwano wenza Izivumelwano ezinjalo kuphela ezingeyomfuneko; kodwa lutho, ngokuba ngaphezu ngo-1939-1940. ESoviet Union ngaphandle ukulahleka ezifunyenwe intsimi entsha: Western Ukraine, Western Belarus, ithi lweBaltic, Bessarabia kunye Northern Bukovina. Kodwa June 22, 1941 iye yatshintshwa enemibono

Ke kaloku umdla eSoviet Union kunye namazwe Western ungqamene. Kakade on June 22, intloko urhulumente waseBritani Winston Churchill wathi ukulungela yayo ukunceda eSoviet Union emfazweni. Kwezinsuku ezimbalwa kamva, loo mazwi Lelona laba ngu US Mongameli Franklin Roosevelt. Emva kokuwa France ngo 1940, amaNgesi, enyanisweni, yaba amaNazi kunye namahlakani abo yedwa. I Wehrmacht wayeza bafeze ukugaleleka phezu zaseBritani Isles, yaye Pacific amathanga baseBritani wasongela eJapan, ethetha kwimfazwe kwicala Jamani. ukuxabana ungowokoyikwa Japan kunye United States ebanqwenelela yayo kwi wePasifiki. Ngoko ke, lo mdibaniso anti-Hitler kwakufuneka ngoko- entsha. Sele ngoJulayi 1941 eMoscow yasingatha intlanganiso yenkokheli eSoviet kunye nabameli British. NgoSeptemba 1941, eSoviet Union isaziso ukulawula kwi-Atlantic Charter - isibhengezo intsebenziswano phakathi iBritani United States ekulweni eJamani. Ukususela oko kwasekwa iCandelo anti-Hitler angalawuliyo ifumene inkxaso enkulu phambili.

Nemingeni nempumelelo

Kodwa emva kwesi siganeko, imbumba phakathi kwamaqela kwavela ivuse yokuqala. Kwaye Britain, neUnited States ukubuyiselwa omhle kwimida pre-imfazwe eYurophu. Ubunkokheli Soviet kwizindululo ezinjalo akazange afune ukwamkela. Kuba ngoku bekuya kufuneka ahlawule sele incamathele kwintsimi 1941. Ngenxa yoku, ukusayinwa kweencwadi isivumelwano Anglo-yiSoviet le manyano wathiywa.

Enye ingxaki ejongene yi-anti-uHitler womanyano, waye umbuzo nokuvula ngaphambili wesibini e-Europe. Uninzi iikhompawundi ze-Wehrmacht kunye namahlakani ye Jamani yayigxile ummandla yiSoviet Union, ngoko kwakunzima kusengqiqweni kusukela kummandla of Western Europe. Kodwa le siphakamiso inkokheli eSoviet, icala waseBritani ngayo ngaphandle ngothakazelelo, becaphula ukungabi namandla. AmaMelika kuqala ababephesheya waseUSSR, kodwa emva koko waya isindululo Churchill sokuba umhlaba amajoni eYurophu nakuMntla Afrika. Ngenxa yezi ukwahluka ngaphambili yesibini wavula kungekudala.

Ukanti, nangona ezi mahluko, mdibaniso anti-Hitler wakwazi ukuphumeza injongo yakhe. izinto US izixhobo zokutya kuyindlela ebalulekileyo namahlakani. Ngakumbi kubaluleke kwakunjalo 1941-1942., Xa amaziko amaninzi industrial eSoviet Union ezibe kwintsimi isiJamani anazo. Kubaluleke kangakanani ukuba eBritani, wonqanyulwa, angabikho ngamathanga zabo ngenxa yesimo esibi phezu kweelwandle.

Uloyiso butho Soviet kwi Idabi Stalingrad kwakhokelela Amanyeneyo baqhubele ekuyenzeni. Kuye kwacaca ukuba imfazwe yenguquko, kwaye kumazwe Western ndiqalile ngokubonakalayo ukulungiselela ukuvulwa Front Okwesibini, ukuba usenokugqibela imfazwe e-Europe kunye nokuthintela i-Red Army ukuba kude kakhulu ukuya ngasentshona. Ngowe-1944, amajoni eManyeneyo wenza ukufika e eNormandy, leyo khawuleza kokoyiswa eJamani emfazweni.

Njengoko sisondela ubudlelwane phakathi namahlakani uloyiso wayibhuqayo ngaphezulu. Ngo-Apreli 1945, Roosevelt ufile, ngubani indawo njengoMongameli Garri Trumen, zilungiswe ngokunxulumene USSR, ezimbi ngakumbi. Ukufumana umkhosi yiSoviet e eMpuma Yurophu kwakhona negalelo ekomelezeni ubudlelwane phakathi kwamaqela womanyano. Xa njongo iphambili Amanyeneyo - kokoyiswa eJamani - sele iphunyelelwe, kobudlelane phakathi USSR kunye West muncu ngokupheleleyo. Phakathi sizana izolo zaqalisa ngxabano afihlakeleyo, wehla embalini njenge "imfazwe lokulayita" yaye ixesha elide nto leyo yadala imeko ehlabathini.