Oonyana Vladimira Monomaha: amagama kunye nembali yazo

Great Kiev Prince Vladimir Monomakh wehla waya embalini njenge laseburhulumenteni abanetalente, nzulu ngezinto kunye nombhali. Wakwazi ukuba ixesha lokuba ayeke sokulwa sokonakalisa zikarhulumente zibe nazo izilawuli ezincinane, ukuze awukhusele behlasela Polovtsy kunye nobume kwiqonga lelizwe jikelele. ubudala wakhe kakhulu elide ngelo xesha. Prince bulawula kwiminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-71. A indima enkulu ekugcineni ingqibelelo urhulumente wayedlala oonyana Vladimira Monomaha, lowo wathatha amacwecwe njengenkosana kwizixeko ezibalulekileyo inkulu kakhulu ngobuchule.

Umfazi Vladimira Monomaha

Ababhali-mbali bakholelwa ukuba Vladimir Monomakh wayetshatile ubuncinane kabini. Umfazi wakhe wokuqala yaba British Princess Gita Uessekskaya - intombi kaKumkani Harold II. Emva kokufa kukayise kwakhe, yena, kunye nabazalwana noodade abaliqela babalekela EFlanders, ngoko eDenmark. Ngowe-1074 waba owendileyo Vladimir Monomakh. mbali Russian kunye philologist Nazarenko AV bubonisa ukuba inxaxheba yenkolo yokuqala, wafa waza wangcwatywa ePalestina malunga 1098 Ngokutsho kwenye inguqulo kwenzeka ESmolensk ngo-1107 athi kakuhle oko oonyana Vladimira Monomaha sizalwa umtshato wokuqala, akwenzeki. Ababhali-mbali bakholelwa kuphela malunga Mstislav, Izyaslav kunye Svyatoslav. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba Jaropolk, waseRoma yaye Vyacheslav kwakhona ningoonyana Gita Wessex.

Bamalunga nama-1099 V. Monomakh waphinda watshata. Kule Eneneni ngubani umfazi wesibini, kukho iinguqulelo ezahlukileyo. Ngokutsho komnye wabo igama lakhe Euphemia yaye waba iingcambu zamaGrike. Ngokutsho kwenye - umfazi wesibini Monomakh inokuba i-Swedish Princess Christina. Ababhali-mbali bakholelwa ukuba umtshato yesibini kwasondeza inkulu wazalelwa oonyana ababini, George noAndreya, kwakunye neentombi ezintathu.

Mstislav Veliky

Mstislav Veliky eyaziwa eYurophu phantsi igama Harold - i Rostov-Suzdal prince, unyana noVladimir Monomakh ukusuka Gita Wessex. Kumazibulo ngoJuni 1076 na, njengoyise, a laseburhulumenteni enkulu kunye nenkokheli emkhosini, kuba abasamkelayo ngexesha ubomi kwesihloko Great. Ndisemncinane ngemilinganiselo zethu (iminyaka 13-14 ubudala) anakho Novgorod Enkulu. Ngowe-1093-95 gg. Wabamba phantsi kwegunya Rostov kunye ESmolensk ilizwe. Ebudeni bolawulo lwakhe Novgorod yabalasela uphuhliso mzi: ukwandiswa kwinqaba iShushan, kwiCawa Annunciation kwi tab Settlement, Saint Nicholas Cathedral, Novgorod. Ngowe-1117 Mstislav, unyana noVladimir Monomakh sakhutshelwa Belgorod. Indawo e Novgorod wathabatha unyana wakhe omdala Vsevolod Mstislavovich.

Ulawulo enkulu Mstislav ilifa emva kokufa kayise 1125, loo nto ayizange kunokubangela ukunganeliseki kunye nenkcaso nabathetheli Chernigov. akuso kwakhe nokwazeka kwayo kubo bonke abazalwana izinikele. Nangona kunjalo, phantsi kweliso lakhe ngqo ekuqaleni Kiev kuphela. umfazi wokuqala intombi kumthetheli-Swedish ukumkani Christina. Utshatile wabonakala abantwana abalishumi. Inkosikazi yesibini intombi Mstislav Novgorod sodolophu Liubava D., kuthiwa, wazala oonyana Prince ababini kunye nentombi.

Vladimir Monomakh kunye nonyana wakhe Mstislav wanamathela komnye umgca-nkqubo amazwe - ukukhuselwa ezintshabeni. amandla Duchy yasemkhosini ayinakuphikiswa. Mstislav usebenzisa ukutshata yaseScandinavia kunye Byzantium ukulungiselela iinjongo zopolitiko, liqinise indawo yalo kwiqonga lelizwe jikelele. chroniclers Contemporary wathetha Grand Prince of Kiev, njengendoda empini nesibindi nengqibelelo, bonke abamelwane, woyika kakhulu, yaye ngokuxhomekeke onenceba nengqiqo. Ngokutsho kubo, kube pravosudets enkulu, ngexesha apho zonke iinkosana Russian waya apho kuthiwa cwaka yaye akazange abe nobuganga ukuze singabakhubekisi abanye.

Izyaslav Vladimirovich

Unyana wesibini Vladimira Monomaha inkosazana IsiNgesi owazalwa yezizathu emva 1076, kwaye ngexesha lokufa kwakhe, kaSeptemba 6, 1096 kwaba nje elivisayo. Ngaye kancinane lowo uyaziwa.

Emva kokuqalisa kwemfazwe yamakhaya ngo-1097 phakathi abathetheli Svyatopolk Izyaslavovichem kunye Vladimirom Vsevolodovichem kwelinye icala, kunye noonyana Svyatoslav Yaroslavovych kwelinye icala, ukubanjwa elandelayo ESmolensk, Chernigov kunye Izyaslav kwi ukuthanda kayise wayishiya Kursk. Wazinza Moore - Oleg Sviatoslavovych ngezinto zezindlu zooyise. Last waqoqa umkhosi obukholekayo wabuza unyana wakhe Vladimir Monomakh ukushiya umzi kwi ilifa likayise. Izyaslav akazange avume kwaye wagqiba ukukhusela. Xa imfazwe phantsi iindonga Murom wafa, kunye Oleg wawuthimba umzi. Umzimba amanene oselula wathabatha owamazibulo Vladimira Monomaha Mstislav, ukungcwatywa kwenzeka Novgorod Saint Nozipho Cathedral. Ulwazi malunga umfazi Izyaslav nanzalo. Kungenzeka, umthetheli Kursk kunye Muromsky na ixesha ukuqala intsapho.

Svyatoslav Vladimirovich

Ngomhla omnye woonyana abadala Vladimir Monomakh Svyatoslav phantse akazange asinde naluphi na ulwazi imbali, yaye abo badla imibuzo zizazinzulu. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba INkosana ESmolensk, yaye emva koko - Pereyaslavl wafa Matshi 6, 1114

Kuba okokuqala igama lakhe abakhankanywe zemihla ngemihla 1095 xa ibali yokufika Vladimir Monomakh ukuba Pereyaslavl khans ezimbini Polovtsian, injongo leyo nowokupheliswa woxolo. Ngowe-1111 Svyatoslav, ngokuqinisekileyo, wayekunye noyise kwiphulo lokulwa Polovtsy, laphela ngokoyiswa bakhona. Kwiminyaka emibini emva koko, ngo-1113, Svyatoslav wathabatha ebusa Pereyaslavl, apho waye wathunyelwa evela ESmolensk, Vladimir Monomakh. Nyana kumthetheli of Kiev ulawula elide. Wafa ngo 1114 e Pereyaslavl waza wangcwatyelwa apho ibandla St. Michael. Ulwazi malunga abafazi nabantwana Svyatoslav akazange asinde.

V. roman

Mbali ibonisa ukuba inoveli yesine indala oonyana Vladimir Monomakh. ekuzalweni kwakhe, umhla ngqo engaziwayo. Ulwazi malunga Prince Volyn phantse akazange asinde.

Ngowe-1117 phakathi Vladimir Monomakh kunye Svyatopolk, unyana Izyaslavovicha ungquzulwano, unobangela leyo mhlawumbi yaguqulelwa omdala, unyana prince of Kiev ukuya Belgorod evela Novgorod. Emva konyaka, ukuba ngukumkani Vladimir-Volyn Ubutyelwe Roman. IBhodi, njengoko kwimeko Svyatoslav, yaba yinto yomzuzwana. Inkulu wafa ngo-1119 ilandelayo Volyn wahlala Andrey Dobry - irhuluneli, awammisayo kusolwa, unyana Vladimir Monomakh hi umtshato wakhe wesibini.

Roman V. wayetshate intombi yenkulu Zvenigorod. Ulwazi malunga abantwana lo mtshato bengekho.

Jaropolk V.

Jaropolk wazalwa ngo-1082 okuthiwa Chernigov, apho ngelo xesha uyise wakhe. Ngomnyaka wamashumi amabini ananye yena kuqala wathabatha inxaxheba kwiphulo lokulwa Polovtsy. itrone kwesikhulu e Pereyaslavl wavuka emva kokufa umzalwana wakhe omkhulu Svyatoslav ngo-1114 Kule amandla uthethe nxamnye Polovtsy, yaye kunye noyise nxamnye umthetheli Gleb Minsk. Yemihla ayichaze into yokuba ukulondoloza ulwalamano oluhle kunye notata wakhe okhulileyo ngokuphindaphindiweyo wakhokela umkhosi wakhe kunye nomntakwabo omdala Mstislav.

Kwimbali Jaropolk eyaziwa ngokuba umlawuli iwela ziingceba ngamandla. Grand Prince of Kiev, waba emva kokufa Mstislav ngo-1132, ngelo xesha waba sele ubudala ngexesha ubudala - engama-49. Phantsi kweliso lakhe ngqo kuphela Kiev kunye nakwiindawo ezikufutshane. Jaropolk wayeyindoda okhaliphileyo umphathi ofanelekileyo, kodwa ke wezopolitiko ebuthathaka kakhulu. Wasilela ukumisa inkqubo sokonakalisa karhulumente ibe nazo izilawuli ezahlukeneyo. Ukuba ukuguga balumke kakhulu ekwenzeni izigqibo, yena angabi nako ukuthatha inyathelo kumlo nxamnye abaninawa Olegoviches Mstislavovich. Ixesha lokugqibela oonyana Vladimira Monomaha united nxamnye Vsevoloda Olgovicha ngo-1138 xa wathi imfazwe Yaropolk. Babutha phantsi kwebhanile imikhosi hayi kuphela Kiev kodwa e Rostov, Pereslavl, ESmolensk, galich, Polotsk kunye nomkhosi encomekayo Hungarian ithunyelwe nguKumkani Bella II.

Jaropolk wayetshatile ukuya Alanko ogama uHelen. Xa umtshato, unyana, Vasilko Yaropolkovich. Wafa 1139, enikezela kwetrone umninawa wakhe Vyacheslav. Ngelo xesha Kiev sele ulawulo Polotsk, Chernigov kunye Novgorod.

Vyacheslav

Vyacheslav (ESmolensk prince, unyana noVladimir Monomakh) Kuthiwa wazalwa ngo-1083 ndisemncinane yathatha inxaxheba kubomi kwezopolitiko kweli lizwe. Ngowe-1097, kunye nomntakwabo omdala Mstislav wathabatha inxaxheba Idabi Koloksha. Uyise Vyacheslav Ubutyelwe ESmolensk ukuba alawule, ngokunxulumene ugqithiselo lwakhe ukuya eKiev. Ukususela 1127 yena kukhankanyiwe yemihla njengoko Turovsky Prince. Sobukhosi e Kiev ke ilifa emva Jaropolk kokufa ngoFebruwari 1139, Noko ke, ngo-Matshi nyaka wazibhukuqa Chernigov Prince Vsevolod Olgovich.

Ngowe-1142, wafumana Pereyaslavl ubulawuli emva kokufa mncinane oonyana Vladimir Monomaha Andreya. Noko ke, akuzange kube banelisekile. Ngenxa yoko, ngowe-1143 waza wabuyela kuwe yaqala apho - kwi Tour. Ekufeni kwakhe, Vsevolod, Prince wazama ukuba emva kwezopolitiko. Ngeli xesha, uYuri Dolgoruky ngemoto umtshana wakhe Izyaslav e Kiev. Le yokugqibela yagqiba wobambiswano kunye Vyacheslav kwaye kumphakamisela kwisihlalo sobukhosi. Noko ke, yonke into kwaba njengoko wayelindele. KaYuri Dolgoruky (Suzdal prince), unyana wesithandathu Vladimir Monomakh Vyacheslav kunye Wayethandwa kunye ukuwina umtshana wakhe. KaYuri efuna ukudlulisela ulawulo, kodwa ngumdla, iingangamsha zakhe. Ngenxa yoko, Vyacheslav Etyelwe Vyshegorod ngobuchule ebalulekileyo ebekwe ekunene phantsi Kiev.

Inkulu wafa ngo-1154 waza wangcwatywa eSt Nozipho Cathedral. Igama lomkakhe kwakhe ayaziwa. Ngokweerekhodi zembali, Vyacheslav unyana kaMikayeli, eyafa ngo 1129

kaYuri Dolgoruky

KaYuri Dolgoruky Vladimir Monomakh na unyana umfazi wakhe wesibini. Ubuncinane, ukuba lo mbono kwabelwana luninzi le mbali. Tatischev V. N. imisebenzi yakhe ubhengeze ukuba Dolgoruky wazalwa ngo-1090 yaye ngaloo ndlela yavlyaetsya nonyana Gita Wessex. Noko ke, le mbono iyangqubana ulwazi oluqulathe i 'Ukuyalela "Vladimir Monomakh oonyana. Ngokutsho imithombo boncwadi, unina eSt George uye wafa 1107 Oku akuthethi ukuba ukuchonga kunye Gita, mhlawumbi kwenzeke ukuba umba 1098 ka umhla wokuzalwa George ukusweleka kuhlala sikulungele ukuba unanamhla.

KaYuri Dolgoruky, mhlawumbi omnye amanani ixakayo kwimbali Russian. Njengoko unyana kaHaloheshe umlawuli ubulawuli of Kiev, esemncinane akazange afune ukuba uma- ngaphantsi. Wayesoloko bazama ukoyisa kumazwe ezintsha, izilawuli, yaye ke, uninzi Kiev. Enyanisweni, kwaba enjalo ukunyoluka ngokuthi "Dolgoruky".

Kakhulu prince oselula wathunyelwa Rostov ukuze balawule kunye nomntakwabo omdala Mstislav. Ukususela ngo 1117 uye wahlala umphathi kuphela. Ukususela ngo 1147 uye ubesoloko ethatha inxaxheba zembujiswano ingxabano wabathetheli kwiinzame ukuba kude umtshana wakhe (unyana Mstislav Izjaslava) Kiev. Uye ngokuphindaphindiweyo wahlasela esi sixeko, yaye ekubambile kubo izihlandlo ezithathu, kodwa iyonke wetrone Kiev ningahlali kunye neminyaka emithathu.

Prince wayetshatile kabini. Umfazi wakhe wokuqala yaba intombi Polovtsian Khan, wamzalela abantwana abasibhozo. Kwi umfazi wesibini ka uYuri phantse nto iyaziwa. Ngowe-1161, kunye nabantwana babalekela Byzantium yena. Ngenxa yale nto ke kuye kwacetyiswa ukuba ungumGrike.

Ukuba uyakholwa yemihla uYuri Dolgoruky (unyana Vladimir Monomakh) linokunyhashwa ngabantu Kiev. Yena ingqalelo enamandla, ukunyoluka, ukuzingca yaye ukhohlakele. Noko ke, wakhe wesithathu ukuze bawuthimbe loo mzi, wenziwe 1155, kwaba yimpumelelo. De kwasekufeni kwakhe ngowe-1157 walawula Prince of Kiev. Nangona oku kwenzeleni ukundikhumbula inzala uYuri Dolgoruky wahlala njengoko umseki eMoscow. Kwaba phezu imiyalelo yakhe 1147 esesiphelweni North-Eastern Russia, ukuhlala encinane ukukhuselwa umda yayisekelwe.

Koko, Kiev imithetho ubulawuli nanyana nanzalo George bomtshato wakhe wokuqala - Andrew Bogolyubskii. Unyana ka Vladimir Monomakh ayikwazanga kuzukiswa njengomlawuli Russia, kodwa umzukulwana wakhe ilungiselelwa omnye ezikhanya kwiindawo. Kulo mfanekiso kuvuselelwa imbonakalo yangaphandle intamo.

Ebudeni bolawulo lwakhe Vladimir-Suzdal seLizwe waba yomeleleyo eRashiya, wafika amandla, yaye ekugqibeleni waba yingxenye ye karhulumente kwixesha elizayo. Indima Kiev njengeziko, ngokuthe ngcembe liphelelwe. Emva kokufumana etroneni, uAndreya waya Vladimir. B. Klyuchevskii kwimibhalo yakhe ithi uAndreya ukuhlakanipha, njalo kwi abalindi ndanqwenela maxa onke ukwenza umyalelo, okungafani kakhulu utatomkhulu wakhe Vladimira Monomaha.

Andrey

Ngo-Agasti ka-1102 Ndazalwa omncinane bonke oonyana odumileyo Vladimira Monomaha, wafumana elubhaptizweni egameni Andrew. Ngowe-1119 umfana ngokwemiyalelo uyise waya bukhosi Vladimir-Volyn ubulawuli emva kokufa umzalwana wakhe omdala baseRoma. Kwandula ke ngowe-1135 walawula Pereyaslavl Sandixhasa idesika evela nokungena Vsevoloda Olgovicha. Unyana omncinci ka-Grand Prince of Kiev wafa eneminyaka engama-39 ngo-1141, iintsalela bangcwatyelwa ibandla St. Michael.

Andrew wayetshate umzukulwana odumileyo Polovtsian Khan Tugorkana. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba oonyana ababini watshata Vladimir kunye Jaropolk. Kwakhona ababhali-mbali ibonisa ukuba Prince Andrew intombi.

Ntombi Vladimira Monomaha

Ihlabathi kuzichaza kuphela oonyana Vladimira Monomaha, kodwa neentombi zakhe ezintathu. Phantsi Kwingcingane mbali, ukuba wazalelwa umtshato yesibini Grand Duke. inkosazana omdala ogama Marie. Awayetshate ngenxa Lzhediogena II.

In kwenkulungwane ye-12. eRussia umntu ozenza ukuba Lva Diogena - unyana umlawuli yaseByzantium, eyafa ngo 1087 xa wayesilwa Pechenegs. Pretender Vladimir Monomah wavuma waza wavuma ukuxhasa ibango lakhe, ngaphandle kokuba kwetrone, ubuncinane isibini izixeko. Ukuze uphawu iDemocratic Alliance, wayeka ukutshata intombi yakhe enkulu. Noko ke, ukuze aye iDanube bhedengu kwakungenakwenzeka wambulala. UMaria, kunye nonyana wakhe oselula emva ekhaya, apho wachitha bonke ubomi bakhe eMonastri eyayiseKiev. Princess wafa ngo-1146, unyana wakhe wabulawa 1135 ngexesha elinye ingxwabangxwaba yoluntu.

Ngaphantsi buhlungu kodwa buhlungu kakhulu yaba bayahlelwa intombi ophakathi Vladimira Monomaha Euphemia. Wazalwa malunga 1099 eneminyaka engama-13, wanikwa umtshato Hungarian uKumkani Kalman I Bookman, ngubani wayemdala kuye, ubuncinane iminyaka engama-25. Yena ke wambamba bazohlala kunye wathumela ekhaya. Sele Euphemia Kiev wazala unyana, owathi, nangona yena etroneni isiHungary, zange iqatshelwe yi Kalman njengonyana lokuzalwa. Emva kwexesha elithile, inkosazana waya eMonastri, apho wachitha ubomi bakhe bonke. Euphemia wafa ngo 1139

Malunga intombi omncinane Vladimira Monomaha kancinane yaziwa. Mbali ibonisa ukuba abazelwe phakathi 1103 no 1107 Ngo-1116 waye etshatile Gorodensky Prince Vsevolod Davidovich, apho imvelaphi azaziwa ncam. Xa umtshato, neentombi ezimbini. Kukho ingxelo umlando umtshato wabo 1144 Ababhali-mbali bathi isixhobo umtshato eganiweyo Vsevolod Olgovich, zaphetha uyintoni ukuba amantombazana kakhulu mhlawumbi sele ziinkedama.