Abul Khair Khan kunye elithile yakhe

Ngowe-1718 isiganeko kwenzeka, ezaba inyathelo lokuqala malunga wokujoyina mazwe Kazakh eRashiya - wafa Tauke Khan, umlawuli ephakamileyo karhulumente kanye omanyeneyo nonamandla. Ngenxa yoko, abaviwa emzabalazweni eli lizwe yahlulwe imfundo tribal ezimeleyo ezintathu, kuthiwa, zhuzami liphezulu aphakathi nasezantsi. Yaba intloko anayo Little - Abul Khair Khan - yadlala indima ebalulekileyo nokusekwa Protectorate Russian.

Iingxaki ezibangelwa separatism

Kwangoko emva kokuwa Khanate kwafika maxesha anzima. Ubuthathaka, ebe sisiphumo separatism, ngoko nangoko wathabatha ithuba abamelwane emathafeni ndlongondlongo. Junior mkhosi mkhulu kunene, ilizwe elo inabela osentshona Kazakhstan namhlanje, yahlaselwa ngokwezizwe djungars wenza uxolo ne-Russia, kodwa hayi ukuyeka kuphangwa karhataka abamelwane babo. Le meko yaba kakhulu.

Ngowe-1730, emva kokuba omnye uthotho kuphangwa, ilandelwe yi isibheno lokuqala Khan Abulhair kwabasemagunyeni Russian for uncedo dudula le ndlongo. Njengophawu yombulelo, wathembisa Anne Ioannovne nokuphethwa manyano wamajoni, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko imida Russian. Noko ke, ukususela eSt Petersburg wathi ukunceda ekulweni Dzhungars uyavuma, kodwa kuphela xa ungeno bawuthobele imimandla Abulhair phantsi Protectorate Russian.

Iphetshana aphantsi kokhuselo Russian

Abul Khair Khan uzamkele ezi meko, nangona ukuphunyezwa kwazo, ndayihluthwa inkululeko yabantu bakhe. Kulo mzekelo, indima edlalwa ngenxa yokuba emva kokufa ophakamileyo khan Tauken wonyulwa ezihlangwini zakhe ngamabhongo yakhe emba nengqumbo. Ngokuvuma kubingelela ulongamo lwesizwe, lo yezopolitiko enobuqhophololo ezithenjiweyo-sobumi afunyenwe inqande ukosuleleka iziqinisekiso Russian Khanate neendlalifa zakhe ngqo.

Ayiyi kusuka kuye, yaye inkosi kuMbindi mkhosi - khan Abulmambet. Wakwazi ukufumana ubumi kwamagunya ezimbini ezinkulu - Russia, China. nkqubo kwakhe ukujika phakathi mazwe mabini kuthiwa "phakathi ingonyama tiger." Hlokondiba Elder ngelo xesha engakwazi ukwenza nantoni na phantsi ngokupheleleyo impembelelo Kokand Khanate umnakekeli ilizwi lakhe.

Ubizo zokubonisana Russian

Ngowe-1731, xa abalawuli Kazakh zibandakanyeke ngamayelenqe kwezopolitiko kunye ukukhangela iindlela ukuhlangabezana ingamampunge lobuqu, bafika e St Petersburg Ambassador - Bala AI Tevkelov. Ekuphumezeni uthumo ayinikwe ekukruqulayo Ioannovnoy, wahlanganisa Oktobha 10 abameli inelona futhe likhulu zhuzes oluphakathi kunye junior shoka Abulhair Khan, emele i-Junior mkhosi mkhulu kunene, wabenza ngeengenelo ukuba ubathembise ukungena phantsi Protectorate Russian.

ubudlelwane yakhe yaphumelela, yaye ekupheleni kwale Congress khans, yema zhuzes entloko, yaye mabini anesixhenxe abalawuli isikhundla sincinane Wafunga iKoran ngenene Anne Ioannovne. Esi senzo yaba isizathu esisemthethweni ngokujoyina emazweni Kazakh eRashiya, nangona kunjalo kude ekungeneni yokugqibela yokufihla okhozi kabini-intloko.

Alliance ne-Russia uye wanceda Kazakhs Dzhungarian ukumelana bahlaseli. Xa ixesha ukwandisa behlasela babo kule minyaka 1738-1741, umkhosi, ukusekwa kwabameli zhuzes oluphakathi kunye olusezantsi, kunye ngenkxaso baseRashiya tirhisaneke utshaba ezimbalwa ukoyiswa obukhulu. Kwezi maphulo, wakhokela imikhosi emanyeneyo yaba ngumntakwab khan of juz kuMbindi - Abylai. Ngowe-1741, enye amadabi kwakhe yathinjwa, yaye kuphela Orenburg ulawulo yongenelelo ukuba amgcine ephila wabuyela inkululeko.

Isiphelo umlawuli odumileyo yobomi

Abul Khair Khan ayikhange ibe nako ukuzithobela phantsi kwakhe zonke zontathu Kazakh mkhosi mkhulu kunene, nangona walwela ubukhulu iminyaka emininzi. Le babeziindleko ye emaqeleni enkulu ndikuchithachithe udumo lwakhe njengoko umphathi ngokungesabi osebenza akukho odumileyo ngaphantsi Khan Abylai. Noko ke, ithandwa kangaka phakathi kwabantu udale ingumona abalawuli ezininzi Kazakh. Omnye wabo - Barack Sultan - wabeka kakhulu umgudu nawokuwisa imbangi yakhe. Bobabini, ukuba iimpawu eziqaqambileyo anomoya, baye bamkela ezinye intiyo nganye efanayo. Esi sizathu sokuba utyhilo kabuhlungu.

esekhona kwakusazeka ukuba ngo-Agasti 1748 Abul Khair Khan, ekhatshwa labalindi encinane ebuya Orsk Fortress. Endleleni yena elindele kulalelwe ebekwe yi uBharaki kunye namaqabane akhe.

Kule mpi ukungalingani intloko Little mkhosi abulawe. Abulhair wangcwatyelwa kufuphi ekudibaneni imilambo Kabyrga kunye Olkeyka. Le ndawo ibekwe asibhozo ngeekhilomitha ukusuka Turgai - kwesinye sezixeko kummandla Aktobe.

Folk memory

Namhlanje, le ndawo iye yaba yenye amangcwaba kwimbali Kazakhstan. Xa abantu ibizwa ngokuba Han Molas, Oko kuthetha "engcwabeni Khan." NgoSeptemba 2011, iKomiti ngomhla Science kwi urhulumente weli lizwe kwi-sikhokelo yenkqubo, leyo lifunda ubukumkani Khan Abulhair, laqalisa ukukhutshwa isidumbu sakhe. Uviwo genetic eyenziwa baqinisekisa ukuchana labo, nto leyo ibaluleke kakhulu kuba yenye zamagorha, imbeko kwisikhumbuzo okuyinto likhula ngonyaka ngamnye.

Inzala ka-Khan

Emva kokufa unyana wakhe Abulhair Nuraly waba Khan Juz Younger, yaye, njengoyise, wafuna umfelandawonye ummelwane enamandla nempembelelo - Russia. Ezininzi nabazukulwana bakhe nabo bawe phantsi kwenkululeko yeBhodi of Higher Khanate.

A iinkcukacha ukwazi: enye inzala ezikude Abulhair, Gubaydulla, waba isikhulu emkhosini Russian ebudeni bolawulo Alexander II. Ekubeni waphila de 1909, waza wasweleka ukhokho owamahashe jikelele elivunywe lwasekhaya Signal Corps. Ngokwakhe Abul Khair Khan, ogama engobomi usalindele olunzulu sifundo, wahlala ngonaphakade kwimemori abantu bayo.