-Ntloko Aleksandra Nevskogo: Imibhalo Arabhu, photo

Alexander Nevsky na umntu eliqaqambileyo kakhulu zembali ngokwaneleyo ngenxa yobuninzi Russia. Kokuba liqalise eziliqela ubulawuli ngamaxesha anzima, wakwazi ukugcina kuphela ummandla uyiphathisiweyo kuye, kodwa ukomeleza ubudlelwane ne-Golden mkhosi mkhulu kunene, kwakunye ukulwa Crusaders e Lake Chud. Zonke ezi zibakala baziwa kakuhle, kodwa ngaphandle koko ngeenxa lamiselwa yiCawa Russian Orthodox of the Prince washiya ezininzi iimfihlelo kunye iiphazili, ukuphazamisa iingqondo mbali bezinto zakudala. Ngaphezu koko, izazinzulu bakhathazeka-ntloko Aleksandra Nevskogo, elijongeka kakhulu engaqhelekanga nenkcubeko Slavic. Nangona kunjalo ndaba agcinwe incwadi yesicelo Izikrweqe Museum, ingqalelo izinto ezizizo le iiyunifomu yamajoni Grand Duke, izazinzulu wenza ezinye iinguqulelo ezininzi imvelaphi yakhe. Namhlanje siza kuzama ukuba eze Sisimanga ukubona ukuba iinkulungwane ezininzi egcina ntloko Aleksandra Nevskogo.

inkcazelo Slam

Le ntloko Aleksandra Nevskogo, ogama iifoto kungabonwa kumaphepha iincwadi zesikolo imbali, iminyaka emininzi zigcinwe Izikrweqe. Nguye enye buxabisekileyo ubuncwane bayo. Kwaye kukhangeleka ngathi ngenene le nto iyamangalisa kakhulu. Ngayo lisukela emva kwinkulungwane weshumi, kodwa kwakusazeka ukuba le ntloko ngenkulungwane elinesixhenxe yathotyelwa kwimeko ukuba kwakhono waza wafumana zokuhombisa ezongezelelweyo.

Aleksandra Nevskogo isigcina eyenziwe ngokubomvu ngentsimbi kwaye ngokumila omise. Kubhaliwe yambathiswa ngegolide nesiliva, okwakhiwe florid ngomhla wedini yonke le ntloko ezihonjiswe ngamatye anqabileyo, neeperile. Yokuluka master inkundla ngawo ngaphezu kwamakhulu amabini kwekorale, iidayimani, kwaye phantse ezilikhulu elineshumi iikarbhunkolo. Ngomhla isaphetha-ntloko yi ivanishi ezincinane ebonisa Arhangela Mihaila, yaye iperimitha eqingqiweyo izizithsaba asebukhosini umnqamlezo Orthodox. Kodwa akukho ezahlukeneyo ukuze intwana imyuziyam, yonke imfihlakalo lilele imibhalo, isicelo ezijikeleze incam etsolo. Ufuna ukubona oko kubhalwe kwi-ntloko Aleksandra Nevskogo? Uya kumangaliswa, ngokuba umbhalo senziwe Arabic kwaye iqulathe ivesi yeKoran. Kutheni le ntloko Aleksandra Nevskogo Arabic script? Njengoko i prince Orthodox ukuba ukunxiba isikrweqe namazwi beentlanga? Masizame kancinci nje wena ukuyityhila le mfihlakalo.

Yintoni kubhalwe kwi-ntloko Aleksandra Nevskogo?

Ngoko ke yintoni ubutyebi le bhokisi zembali? Njengoko kukhankanyiwe, ixesha elide kakhulu, izazinzulu ezifunde ntloko Aleksandra Nevskogo. Imibhalo Arabic (iifoto nto singeniswe apha kweli nqaku) ayikwazanga ukuguqulela lula ngokufanelekileyo, kodwa ukuvuma kwabo kunye Koran wayesaziwa kumaxesha amandulo. Beautiful ipateni isigcina-inkosana Russian wabhala: "kwazisa isithembiso abathembekileyo uncedo lukaThixo kunye uloyiso ngokukhawuleza."

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba le vesi ethandwayo kakhulu phakathi Muslims. He kubhekwa enye Kwiivesi engundoqo Koran. Hi ambetha-ntloko master prince Russian? Le mfihlelo ke kodwa ukuba ubutyhile.

Iimfihlelo Aleksandra Nevskogo

Alexander Nevsky - ubuntu obungaqhelekanga ngexesha lakhe. Njengoko unyana ka-Grand Prince Yaroslav Vsevolodich, kubonakala ukuba inzala umlawuli azizilumko kude-nabanorhatyazo wakwazi ukuseka ubudlelwane ne-Golden mkhosi mkhulu kunene, nokuba sinokuchaphazela inkqubo yayo angaphandle.

Akumangalisi, le ubuhlobo wasemzini kunye Tartars bawuphikisa nkqu bexesha lakhe Prince imibuzo emininzi. Ngelo xesha lithile amarhe ukuba Alexander Nevsky wayengunyana ka-Batu Khan. Kungenzeka, le ilejendi wazalwa ngenxa yokuba isikhulu ebomini bakhe izihlandlo ezine batyelela kwi loo mkhosi mkhulu kunene, wambiza Sartak, unyana Batu, wamthiya umzalwana wakhe. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba hlokondiba Prince Alexander wayefuna ukudala igwiba karhulumente zamaKristu, yaye baqubuda Sartak nokwamkelwa Orthodox. Le mpembelelo engaqhelekanga kunye nobuhlobo phakathi kwezizwe eyayinokucacisa apho evela Arabhu kwi-ntloko Aleksandra Nevskogo, ukuba akukho namnye "kodwa." Kunzima ukucinga ukuba isikhulu Russian waba edabini iRashiya e yentsimbi, kunye imibhalo ngeeMpawu Arabic kunye obudala. Kwakungenakwenzeka ngaloo mihla. Ukongeza, iinkosi Russian asikwazanga baqinise le mveliso, ngoko umdlalo iphelele zonke izithethe kwanokwenza wasempuma. Phi, ke, beza-ntloko yaye ngubani na umbhali wayo?

Master isigcina lwenkohliso; Ngubani na yena?

Oosonzululwazi kwengxoxo ende malunga umkhandi-ntloko Aleksandra Nevskogo. Imibhalo Arabhu wabonakala kakhulu ngokucacileyo abonisa imvelaphi yayo Eastern. Kodwa ngokunxulumene kwimbali ngonaphakade, yaye akukho nto kufuneka kukholosa kokuqhayisa.

ERashiya, yaqulunqwa blacksmithing kakhulu, iinkosi Slavic wayedla wafundisa nezigcaliselo nabameli lwezizwana ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ngoko ke ayothusi into yokuba isikrweqe Russian ifumene ngamandla kakhulu uyindalo eyenziwe. Kodwa ngoku hombisa ngobhalo Arabic ayizange yamkelwe. Ewe, nendlela kunokuba kunokwenzeka - ngenxa kwinkulungwane weshumi, laba Russia Tatar-Mongol idyokhwe. Ngoko kutheni umbhalo kwi-ntloko Aleksandra Nevskogo senziwe Arabic? Izazinzulu ziye zenza iingcebiso ezimbalwa kule nkalo.

Ngokutsho komnye wabo --ntloko yaba isipho Khan iGolden nyambalala yomkhosi prince Russian, nto leyo ebonisa ubuhlobo kunye nentlonipho. Isipho ngenxa Alexander Nevsky akasishiyanga ngaphandle ingqalelo wayibeka kwiphulo zonke emkhosini. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba le ntloko yasekwa ngo uSarayi-Batu, ikomkhulu Golden mkhosi. Le nguqulelo unelungelo lokuba khona, kuba beyisekile ukuba amajoni ze dlulisa iingcibi abanezakhono Khan. Babehlala likomkhulu loo mkhosi mkhulu waza wenza obukhulu wokwenene zobugcisa. iinkosi Alien ukwenza izacholo kakhulu, izixhobo emangalisayo kunye, kakade, isikrweqe.

Ukuba asigungqi oluguqulelo, kukho umbuzo omnye kuphela - kutheni ntloko Aleksandra Nevskogo, wenza iinkosi zasempuma, iqulathe iisimboli Orthodox? Apha izazinzulu ukuba nzulu smash intloko yakhe phambi kokuba baye phambili hypothesis entsha.

Ixabiso yembali-ntloko

Le ntloko Aleksandra Nevskogo, imibhalo Arabic ezibangela imiba emininzi kangaka, idlale indima ebalulekileyo kakhulu kwimbali karhulumente Russian. Kwinkulungwane elinesixhenxe ukuba thaca Mihailu Fedorovichu Romanovu njengesipho. On yomhombiso yokwaba imali evela ebutyebini bokumkani, yaye ngenxa yokuba inkosi wenkundla Nikita Danilov wazuza yohlobo ibonwe.

Ukususela mzuzu-ntloko iye yaba ngumnyhadala of tsars Russian. Kwaye phakathi kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba ngayo ndazalelwa kwambatha ingubo lwesizwe karhulumente. Izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba olu uthando ibonwe Romanov kule isifundo sichazwe impela nje - oko kwakuthetha ekuqhubekekeni le Romanov ubukhosi, owaba umlawuli emva Rurik. Le nto yenza-ntloko omdala ibaluleke kangaka kwaye ebalulekileyo, nangona yena ubukhosi entsha. nesigcina inkaba ebizwa "cap Erihonskaya Tsar uMikhail Fedorovich."

Erihonskie Hats: Igama ixabiso

I Izikrweqe ibamba iminqwazi erihonskih eziliqela. Zimele iminqwazi kunxitywa izikhulu Russian. Ezi mveliso bezisoloko nenkangeleko grand, kunye nezinto nokuhombisa ezininzi. Ababhali-mbali bakholelwa ukuba ezi zinto hayi zisetyenziswa kangangoko edabini, bakhonza neempawu kwimiju- okanye ngexesha izithethe enkundleni.

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba imvelaphi amagama data "CAPS." Isibakala sokuba tsars Russian enxulumene noYesu kunye uloyiso phezu neYeriko. Bazibona vicars bezimpi ephezulu emhlabeni yaye iimfazwe babekulungele yokuphelisa naluphi na utshaba awusebenzisileyo iRussia. Ukuba oyike utshaba, ukuba bakhuthaze imikhosi yakhe, unike intsingiselo umntu wakhe zigugile iminqwazi esinazo, uWele "iminqwazi erihonskimi".

An into umdla kukuba cap erihonskaya yokuqala, lo mdala, kwaye ngexesha elinye kakhulu eninzi. ixabiso layo lidlula ixabiso kwezinye izinto ezintlanu efanayo kunye.

Nemfihlo ntloko Aleksandra Nevskogo

Imbali, njengoko siyazi, ngokufuthi uphosa iiphazili izazinzulu ngaphezu otgadok. Ngoko ke, akumangalisi ukuba ezafunyanwa ezininzi ngabembi asingabo abo awusebenzeleyo abethatyathwe ekuqaleni. Ngelishwa, ibali efanayo ne-ntloko Aleksandra Nevskogo.

Phakathi kwinkulungwane ye-omabini, iteknoloji lifikelele kwinqanaba lokuba kusenokubonisa kunye ngqo umhla wokwenziwa into. Uphando uye kwaye nesigcina odumileyo eshiyekileyo ukuya mbali ngenxa lwabo. Emva ezininzi yokuntlokothiswa, kwafunyaniswa ukuba inguqulelo ye-ntloko obuphezu Aleksandru Nevskomu nje lamandulo. Iingcali sele uqinisekile ukuba le nto elalenziwe ngenkulungwane elinesixhenxe, phantse engamakhulu amane eminyaka emva kokufa Prince Alexander.

Okumangalisayo kukuba, ayizange lula umsebenzi le izazinzulu ukugqiba kumninindlu, ukwenza nesigcina, kunye nendawo yakhe. Riddles baqhubeka phinda.

Impikiswano malunga nemvelaphi-ntloko

Umdla, kodwa izazinzulu uphando bangakholwanga isiphelo kwimbali ntloko. Iingcali ezininzi kuqhuba ukuxoxela ukuba yena wayevela Aleksandru Nevskomu kunye namagcisa wenza nje impazamo izibalo.

impikiswano zazo eziphambili kukuba nesigcina lumbi, ukuba akukho ixabiso zembali, i Romanovs bababuyisa kungekhona amazwi, ezibonisa ingubo yesizwe. Kakade ke, ukhozo inyaniso ngolu lisekhona. Kunzima ukucinga ukuba asanda wenza ukumkani imali kangaka uhombiso nesigcina aqhelekileyo ngemibhalo Arabic, waza waqalisa ukusisebenzisa njengoko izinto eziphambili zehlobo.

Enoba mhle eli bali emehlweni abantu abanombono ngolo, ebiza kuba ukufunyanwa ivuso, asinakukwazi sizigxeke uphando nzulu lwenzululwazi kwaye baya kukhokelwa inqaku phezu kwabo.

Version of iminqwazi kokuhluma erihonskoy uMikhail Fedorovich

Xa sithatha uguqulelo lwe-ntloko Wabonakala eyadini yokumkani kuphela ngenkulungwane elinesixhenxe, ngoko ukuvula imfihlelo imvelaphi yayo akukho umdla ngaphantsi ukufunda inkosi yayo. Ababhali-mbali ubukhulu becala oyikholelwayo ukuba nesigcina wasempuma isipho esivela umntu obaluleke kakhulu.

Kusenokwenzeka ukuba isipho ozakuzo, musa samkele ukuba ukumkani abakwazanga. Kodwa indlela anxibe nesigcina-ntloko kunye nomphambukeli nombhalo? Le mba kungenzeka ukuba ziphazamise nzulu uMikhail Fedorovich. Ngelo xesha inkundla abantu ngokwaneleyo abafundileyo, umnini iilwimi ezininzi zasemzini. Ngoko ke, kwingcinga yokuba ukumkani owayengazi umgca wotshintsho, i etyeni.

Iingcali ezininzi batyekele uguqulelo njengako apho Romanov wafumana indlela okungcono ngaphandle kwe kwimeko entle incangathi - wayalela ukuhombisa isihloko iisimboli Orthodox, leyo buyisela ingqalelo ukusuka umbhalo kulwimi Arabic, waza wajika waba ilifa isipho eyingozi karhulumente.

Kakade ke, oku nje enye inguqulo, kodwa kakhulu lililo kwaye hayi ngaphaya ziganeko zembali.

EMpumalanga Mysterious: umxube amasiko ezimbini

Ukuchaza imvelaphi umbhalo kwi-ntloko egcinwa Izikrweqe enikwe kweli nqaku ezibubungqina kufunyaniswe zizazinzulu. Kodwa nantsi enye imfihlelo zemibhalo Arabhu kusekhona - izikhali Russian, izinto ezahlukeneyo kwaye nkqu iCawa Orthodox ezayame ngokuqhelekileyo isicelo Arabhu. Kubonakala amangalisayo, kodwa Izibakala ngokwabo - nezithethe Arab kunye Slavic ziyajongwa kakhulu kunxulumene.

I Izikrweqe kugcinwe iikopi ezaneleyo izixhobo, apho kwakubhalwe amabinzana ezahlukeneyo Arabic. Kwaye zonke ezi zixhobo azifakwa, oko kwenziwa nokuba iinkosi Slavic, okanye efunyenwe njengesipho. Kodwa ke inani ezi zinto nje emangalisayo.

mbali abaninzi baye bade babeke phambili kakhulu Cingela ngenkalipho ukuba isetyenziswe njengebandla kwi Arabic yamandulo. Oku kubonisa ngesigqubuthelo sentloko zikabhishophu, nto leyo gem entle nombhalo Arabic. ezafunyanwa ezifanayo zakudala wenze lukhulu.

Kakade ke, akukho ihlabathi esemthethweni zenzululwazi, iCawa Orthodox okanye ayisazi esi Eneneni, kuba ungatshintsha ngokupheleleyo umfanekiso wembali Russian.

isiphelo

Kodwa kuthekani nesigcina yokwenene Aleksandra Nevskogo? Uphi na? Mhlawumbi bekuya ekukhathazayo, kodwa okwangoku zifunyenwe. Ngoko ke, archeologists kunye mbali zonke amathuba nanini ukubamba esi ntloko izinto unyana enkulu Yaroslav Fedorovich.