Nkqubo basekhaya Politika amazwe Aleksandra 3. Inkcazelo emfutshane ze table

"Umenzi" - echazwe ubukumkani Alexander 3. zangaphakathi nkqubo angaphandle kwabanjwa le geqe ngokunamathelene-. Akazange ukulungele yindlalifa, kodwa Alexander kwakufuneka sibe ngengozi iimeko ezibuhlungu. Onothando ekhaya, radeyuschie ngenxa yabantu bakhe, ungubani, ukuba unako ukuvusa urhulumente, ekhathazwe imfazwe Turks, kokubini imali yokuziphatha. Le yenye abalawuli abambalwa abaye bakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantu baphila ngaphandle iimfazwe, ngenxa yokuba ulawulo lwakhe yoBukhosi baseRashiya akukho ngquzulwano nayiphi na kwamazwe. Eli nqaku liza kuchaza indlela uMlawuli Alexander waba 3. nkqubo basekhaya amazwe kwakhona ichaza ngokufutshane nokuhlalutya.

Alexander III: Ukuvuma itrone

Wenza njani etroneni, Alexander? Akazange azalwe yindlalifa. Ilifa umqhele, umkhuluwa wakhe, uNicholas. Nangona kunjalo, le yokugqibela ofela elivisayo. Ngako oko, i-Alexander oselula ngoko nangoko baqalisa ukulungiselela kuyo ngesidima wayenokufunda kuyise - uMlawuli Alexander II.

Ngokubanzi, Alexander III Yayenzelwe umsebenzi akrelekrele emkhosini, kodwa amacebo zange kube njalo. Emva kokufa umzalwana wakhe, Tsesarevicha Nikolaya, Alexander ngokukhawuleza ukufundisa iilwimi zasemzini, ukuma, kunye nezinye izifundo zesayensi, kuyimfuneko umlawuli elizayo.

Kunye Naselukakayini uNicholas Alexander ifumana kwaye umtshakazi, inkosazana of Denmark elubhaptizweni ezafumana igama lika Mary. ngoko ke abantu abatsha bothuka yi kokufa Crown Prince, apho phezu inobuhlobo, yathi eyamazibulo igama Nicholas.

Lowo ekuqaleni kobukumkani Alexander III? Ezichithakeleyo ediniwe Russian-Turkish kwilizwe imfazwe zobukhaya, yokungabikho luvo anti-urhulumente kumaqela onke kwezentlalo. Khumbula ukuba uyise uMlawuli Alexander II xa wabulawa abanqolobi.

Zemskaya guqula nezigwebo

Matshi 1, 1881 weza etroneni, Alexander 3. emakhaya nkqubo angaphandle ingachazwa ngokufutshane ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: ukuqina kunye nokuzimisela. Makhe sihlole izinto ezisisiseko.

Eyokuqala, apho wathabatha umlawuli omtsha, - i kwezithandani naluphi na uhlobo kombono. Wayekholelwa ukuba unetyala ezininzi izifo eRashiya. Musa ukulibala ukuba uyise wakhe naye waba lixhoba ubugrogrisi, nesuka ukusuka erudition ngokugqithiseleyo. Alexander II waye umgcini kwemfundo, njengoko kuchasene uthatha iqela konrresheny Alexander III.

Ngowe-1884 wacel umthetho ngokuphathelele kwimisebenzi kwiiyunivesithi (apho umlawuli wabo ingqalelo yayiliziko free-yokucinga). Olu xwebhu uyekwa zonke iintlobo yeentlanganiso kwi-sikhokelo yamaziko emfundo, iinkundla ziye zavalwa umfundi; ukufikelela kwimfundo ephakamileyo ivaliwe ukuba abakumgangatho ophantsi.

Njengokuba abasemagunyeni, kuye komelezwa yi la manyathelo alandelayo: zemstvos baba amazwi liliso iirhuluneli namagosa yomthetho kabukhali iphele. Izikhulu kuphela kwezakhi aphezulu abalimi akavumelekanga ukuba amandla abazange bathathe inxaxheba kunyulo.

Kwakukho utshintsho kwinkqubo yenkundla. ngokusondeleyo zihlobene zokulungisa izinto zemstvos. Iinkundla ngoku ukubheka ngqo kurhulumente, elubala kwiintlanganiso umda kunokuba ngqo, kunye nokuvota Ndaziswa labagwebi.

abalimi

Domestic Politika Aleksandra III bayachatshazelwa zaba balimi. imeko yabo emva kuphuculo odumileyo ka-1861 yaba indawo yaseXhora: ukungabikho kwemali lokuzifumanela umhlaba, ityala, ukungakwazi ukugcina umsebenzi wakhe - konke oku kwenza abantu abasokolayo ukuba bashiye imizi. Alexander III yasetyenziswa inani ngezigqibo uzinzo meko. Ngenxa yoko, abalimi zixolelwe ityala, kunciphise izinga irhafu ukuthengwa komhlaba. Kwakhona kudala Farmers Bank ezizodwa, abantu athathe apho Uboleke wokufama (iipesenti okwanele).

Ngenxa yoko, kwezolimo kweli lizwe uqala ukuphuhlisa, kukho amaziko ukuba zibanga kwicala elithile: (. Ryazan, Nizhny Novgorod kunye nabanye) izityalo zoshishino (Baltic), iisiriyeli (Ukraine), imfuyo

uguquko empini

nkqubo basekhaya Politika amazwe Aleksandra 3 ezijolise ekolulweni lobuzwilakhe kweli lizwe. Abantu abaninzi negalelo kule kubuyiselo emkhosini.

Musa ukulibala ukuba Alexander ekuqaleni ezilungiselelwe umsebenzi wamajoni, wayesazi le nto baqonde oko. Nangona wobukumkani bakhe Russia ayikhange zalwa imfazwe, umkhosi na umgudu elungileyo kakhulu. Zonke iintlobo zokuzikhusela, icandelo ntaba, kubaluleke kakhulu wanikwa wadalwa umkhosi Reserve, zombini owamahashe kunye nomkhosi.

Ukuze ukufunda ngokusekelwe kwizikolo zomkhosi eziphakamileyo ngodaba evulekileyo amabutho. Amalungiselelo kwenziwa nje kuphela amajoni aselula, waqeqesha kunye nesakhiwo umyalelo. Ukunyuswa nge aphezulu kuphela.

indima ekhethekileyo kwezibonelelo emkhosini. Ngoko kukho kaloliwe brigade ezikhethekileyo, ebizwa kwimfuneko ukuzisa abasebenzi neziseko zazo.

Enye ezintsha - izixhobo yomkhosi. ingathengwa Trilinear iba isixhobo lokuqala litshintsha imilo (ngoku lula ngakumbi ukuba amajoni).

zokulungisa kazwelonke

nkqubo basekhaya angaphandle Politika Aleksandra 3 bya kwaye ngenxa kwizikhundla kazwelonke ziqinile. Ingcamango yokuba uBukhosi Russian kuphela ukuba Russian, weza nje ephuma emlonyeni Alexander III. izigqibo ezininzi zezopolitiko zisekelwe kanye lo mbono.

Mbusi uthatha amanyathelo akhawulezileyo ukomeleza ukholo Orthodox. Ingakumbi kule ndaba wayame umda buthathaka. Iqala ukwakhiwa esebenzayo iicawa Orthodox. Kwinqanaba ichaze aqalile ukuba ucudise abemi inkolelo non-Orthodox and non-Russian iintlanga. Uninzi "ukufumana 'izibonda kunye namaYuda. Umsebenzi kwi Russification olwenziwa Ukraine kunye aseBalti.

Inkqubo lwezimali kunye noshishino

nkqubo basekhaya Politika amazwe Aleksandra 3, ngokusekelwe zenene oko umlawuli lafumana lizwe. Yena waba ukwehla enkulu kwezoqoqosho. Ngako oko, omnye wemisebenzi ephambili ekufuneka isonjululwe wayeza kuzisa loo mmandla lobunzima kwezoqoqosho. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, utshintsho kwicandelo zemali nezamashishini ukutsala amanani ilungileyo yayilixesha elithile elizibalula ngeziganeko.

Ngenxa yoko, Bunge ecetywayo ukuvala irhafu yomntu, endaweni wacela ukuba ahlawule nerhafu yezonwabisi umsebenzi kwi utywala, icuba, iswekile kunye namafutha. Ukongeza, kwandisa izinga irhafu kwipropati ezifana nomhlaba, nemihlaba ezidolophini. Ukwenzela ukunciphisa intsilelo mali inyuke imisebenzi amasiko.

Njengoko kwishishini, ubukhula ngokukhawuleza. Ingakumbi insimbi elichumayo, textile kunye nemveliso noomatshini. Oku sele nokuphuhlisa iindlela ezintsha kwimveliso ye-oyile. Ngaloo ndlela, ngokwale salathisi, eRashiya uphuma ngaphezulu.

ukubonisa ngokufutshane oko iinguqulelo zenziwa, Alexander 3. lwangaphandle kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yangaphakathi (bona Table):

nkqubo yasekhaya

Ngokubhekiselele nkqubo angaphandle, oko akuthethi ukuba akukho nto umlawuli kuthiwa "umenzi" - ngandlela zonke walusa ilizwe lakhe iingxaki zomkhosi. Kwakhona watsala amanye amazwe ukuba izenzo ezinjalo.

Xa wobukumkani bakhe, uBukhosi Russian esondela ku Great Britain neFransi, kodwa KwiiBalkans, indawo yayo buthathaka.

Le ngxabano eJamani ngokwemiqathango ubudlelwane namasiko enomfutho lobudlelwane kwezoqoqosho.

Ngoko ke, umgaqo-nkqubo basekhaya angaphandle Politika Aleksandra 3 negalelo ekukhuleni koqoqosho, kuzwelonke woshishino lizwe.