"A cut" - isithuba ngexesha uhlaziyo Stolypin kaThixo. Ixabiso le ntlanga kwifama Russia

Ngenkulungwane XX ekuqaleni, ezinkulu-scale yamahlwempu zaseSoweto kuBukhosi Russian kwanyanzeleka abasemagunyeni ukuba sifune isisombululo kule ngxaki agrarian kweli lizwe. Elibanzi kunokwenzeka iindlela ezimbini yokuvuselelwa kwemihlaba. Indlela yokuqala yakhokelela ekulondolozweni amafa ziwela nokutshatyalaliswa yoluntu umlimi. Indlela yesibini yakhokelela yokurhoxiswa amafa mihlaba kunye kwesizwe komhlaba. Ngexesha ukuphunyezwa kolwabiwo lomhlaba kunye yavuka ingqiqo ka "cut." Eli gama ngaphambili kunqabile ngentetho, kodwa ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane, ixabiso layo makwazeke zonke iifama Empire.

guqula Stolypin

Bonke-Russian Congress of the United yezikhulu anikwe amandla okuqhubela phambili ekuphunyezweni indlela lokuqala yokuvuselelwa komhlaba. urhulumente Thathela ingqalelo akunakuphepheka ukufa endala umlimi endleleni yobomi, bagqiba ngomhla ukutshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo belizwe neyabalimi isabelo, ilizwe mhlaba ezinkulu wahlala lomelele. Ushintsho wenziwe phantsi kobunkokheli iNkulumbuso P. Stolypin, yaye kungekudala wabonakala phezu ukuva igama "iinguqu Stolypin kaThixo." NgoNovemba 3, 1905 ithiwe thaca kwi-kupapasho-yobukumkani, njengoko apho intlawulo ngentlawulelo luyapheliswa kwaye izabelo aba ngokupheleleyo eyale umlimi. Ngoko kwakukho ithuba lokwakha lempahla zorhwebo komhlaba kunqunyulwa. Eli gama livela ekuqaleni kuka-1906 kwaye iye isetyenziswe ngempumelelo de revolution ka-1917 ngonyaka. Le mbono livela kwi "nibanqunqe", "kunqunyulwa" - wabelithiyiwe kwicandelo bume yesizwe ilizwe phakathi fama.

Igama elithi "kunqunyulwa" libhekisela isahlulo elahlukileyo wabahlali zoluntu ekhethiweyo kusetyenziso yabucala zomlimi.

amalungelo abantu

Kunye kwisahlulo mazwe zoluntu, kwagqitywa ekubeni zingafuni umlimi iifama ahluphekileyo kumazwe litheni yoBukhosi baseRashiya. Kuba abalimi phantsi tsars waba amalungelo nenkululeko, umbuzo yokudityaniswa abameli kule klasi senkululeko intshukumo. March 10, 1906 Isikhundla iBhunga labaPhathiswa wanika abalimi inkululeko yokunyulwa yokuhlala, inkululeko intshukumo, yokurhoxiswa zokundwendwela 'imithetho yesithintelo "kwaye ngokulinganiswa abalimi kwi amalungelo wabantu kunye nezinye iiklasi. Ngenxa yoko, umlimi ukushiya uluntu ukufumana umhlaba ubunini abucala - cut. Oku kwenzeka nangona kwiindawo apho umhlaba ochumileyo akazange ngokwaneleyo - ngoko ke thabatha isigqibo yaye umbandela nokuhlaliswa phezu ongaphandle bukhosi.

Khutornoi umnotho

kumakhaya amaninzi kunye nobunini mhlaba ngamnye kwasekwa ifama. Njengomgaqo, kwavela yokuhlala omncinane kwiindawo ezintsha yathathwa of tsarist eRashiya, apho zolawulo lwabahlali ingangabi bubulumko okanye abazange bafumane lonikezelo ngokubanzi. Farm kunye bran luphawu lenkundla yokuvuselelwa Stolypin kaThixo, leyo ejoliswe ngokuhlanganisa abalimi kwiifama ezincinane imodeli Prussia.

Ukugqitywa ngempumelelo nguqulelo Stolypin kuthintele Oktobha Revolution. Ukususela ekufikeni kwakhe, amagama amaninzi baye balahlekelwa intsingiselo yazo, kuquka "cut." Le nto iye isabalulekile emva kokupapashwa Ndiwise umthetho phezu komhlaba, esisayinwe VI ULenin.