Elena Mihaylovna Lomonosova: engobomi, usapho, kunye namanqaku anika umdla

UMikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov - yenye amanani zembali yabo iminikelo kwinzululwazi Russian ayikwazi nemikhuba. Nesazi-nzulu esidumileyo akazange afune ukwenza ubomi iintsapho zabo noluntu, ngoko nobuhlobo wakhe umfazi wakhe waza wahlala ubungqina encinane kakhulu. ulwazi ngaphantsi ifumaneka malunga cinci ezintombini ingcali yenzululwazi, kodwa isiphelo Elena Mihaylovna Lomonosova waba ezihlangwini kuphela uhlobo.

umtshato kwabazali

Ukuba ngo-1711 Pomorsky Umlobi Vasily Dorofeyevich Lomonosov wathi kunyana wakhe kuzalwa Michael ngonaphakade utshata intombi yeMarburg yamazimba ngenxalenye usodolophu wesixeko Genriha Tsilha, kusenokwenzeka Ukuba ubengangenayo kuyo. Noko ke, intlanganiso sibi abantu abatsha yabakho, xa iJamani weza ukufunda abafundi abathathu eRashiya.

Zilch ongumhlolokazi, Catherine Elizabeth, wayemfutshane kwemali, kwaye ukondla nonyana wakhe, nentombi, wagqiba ukunikela inxalenye wendlu. Wayebanyamekela MV Lomonosov, di Vinogradov no gu Reiser, namadodana namadoda kungekudala kufutshane abantwana bakhe. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, lo mfazi waphawula ukuba Russian umfundi Michael kunye nentombi yakhe Elizabeth uthando omnye komnye, yaye okubekwa mhlawumbi ukuluphelisa ulwalamano okanye batshate. Ngelo xesha Lomonosov waba kakhulu nemeko enzima, njengoko kungekho ndlela ukuxhasa intsapho. Ukongeza, xihinga nto yelo kwizithandwa iinkolo ezahlukeneyo. Kodwa waswela nibuye umva, njengoko ngoNovemba 1739 esi sibini wazala intombi, uCatherine Elizabeth, nto leyo kubhaliwe kumaxwebhu njengoko imigqakhwe. Enoba lwalunjani, ngehlobo lowe-1740, uMikhail Lomonosov watshata ne E. K. Tsilh ecaweni ekuhlaleni Reformed of yeMarburg, yaye kamva kunyaka waya eRashiya, eshiya umfazi wakhe, wayekhulelwe umntwana wakhe wesibini, ukuze anyamekele umama wakhe ogulayo.

Bazalwane nodade

Ngaphandle Catherine Elizabeth M. Lomonosov Moscow State University ngowe-1741, unyana ka-Ivan wazalelwa eJamani (uJohann). Elena wayengazange wambona umzalwana nodade, njengoko bafa bobabini phambi kokuba azalwe. Ivan Lomonosov wahlala iinyanga ezimbalwa kuphela waza wangcwatywa yeMarburg kunye Catherine Elizabeth yafa esi sifo 1743 ngoko nangoko emva kokufika kwakhe nonina waza nomalume wakhe uJohann Zilch eSt Petersburg.

ebuntwaneni

Elena Lomonosova, onabazali ngelo xesha baye bakwazi ngokusesikweni ubudlelwane babo eRashiya, wazalwa ngo February 21, 1749 eSt Petersburg, kwisakhiwo boom kwi Vasilevsky Island, eflethini enikezelwa uyise, i Academy of Sciences. Xa wayeneminyaka engama-8 ubudala, ekugqibeleni nentsapho yakhe bafumana izindlu zabo phezu Moika. Kule ndlu kwakhelwa kuyilo umgangatho ngokukodwa University, wachitha phantse ubomi bakhe bufutshane.

Kuyabonakala ukuba, nanini uyise lixakekile abazange banikele ixesha elaneleyo ukuyilwa intombi yakhe kuphela. Xa Elena Mihaylovna Lomonosova wakhula kancinane, ngoko ixesha elide utitshala wakhe umama wakhe, owafunda German yakhe. Ngelo xesha yena akhulela ngabafundi kayise undwendwela rhoqo nendlu yabo kwaye uxoxe kunye nabantu abaninzi abafundileyo belo xesha, Akuyi kunqunyukelwa ukuba kwamnceda.

ukufa kayise

UMikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov, wafa ngo-1765 pneumonia. Umfazi wakhe, Elizabeth Andreyevna, wasinda umyeni wakhe nje konyaka. Emva kokufa kwendoda yakhe wayeyixhalabele kakhulu malunga bayahlelwa intombi yakhe kuphela. Emva Elena Mihaylovna Lomonosova alikayifumani elifeni zizityebi kayise, yaye akazange abe izalamane eziphezulu. I Elizaveta efanayo kakhulu Andreevna wayesoloko uyagula yaye esazi ukuba iintsuku zakhe zibaliwe. Zonke iingcinga zakhe babeza yokufumana njani indoda andikulingene ukuba intombi yam, kodwa ufuna tie ngeqhina lomtshato kunye uDowry wayengekho.

wedding

Singalindelanga ukuba ihlobo lonke 1766 Elena Mihaylovna Lomonosova (1749) wafunda unina ukuba kuye woo Aleksey Alekseevich Konstantinov. Le ndoda intombazana omdala ka engama-20, kodwa Elizaveta Andreevna wamfumana iqela elungileyo, ekubeni ngelo xesha waba welayibrari lobuqu Catherine II yaye amalungiselelo akhethekileyo uKumkanikazi.

Ngaphezu koko, impilo E. A. Lomonosovoy kubi yonke imihla, esiye Septemba 15 1766 isibini atshate. Ngenxa yoko, inyanga emva umtshato omncinane Elizaveta Andreevna ngokuthula eli hlabathi, eqinisekile ukuba amalungiselelo bayahlelwa oonyana intombi yakhe kakuhle.

umshado

Akufane elinesixhenxe Elena Konstantinova University-wazibonela inkanuko wangumququzeleli ukuba indoda yakhe. Noko ke, umtshato yayo ezimfutshane wayengonwabanga, ngokukodwa njengentsapho kunye nabazali, akasiwa babengaqhelananga obutofotofo rarely watyelela ebhotwe. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, Elena Mihaylovna Lomonosova akuthethi ubunzima ukuhlala esisigxina ekhaya ngenxa landela omnye komnye ukukhulelwa kunye nokukhathalelwa kwabantwana.

abantwana

Ebudeni beminyaka 6 sitshatile, Elena Mihaylovna Lomonosova, engobomi nelifutshane njengoko waba mkhulu umphefumlo wakhe, wazala abantwana 4. Unyana wakhe okuphela Alex wazalwa unyaka emva kokuba betshatile, wafa eneminyaka engama-7. Ukongeza, Elena waye unina neentombi ezintathu. Kwezi bayahlelwa kakhulu umdla waya Sofia. Kuba ezinye ezimbini, ngoko malunga Catherine (1771-1846) kunye Anna (1772-1864) Konstantinov ayaziwa. Inye kuphela ngabo ngokuqinisekile - abazange abafazi abe nabantwana.

Abantwana Sophia Alekseevna

Zonke ngabazukulwana Elena Mikhailovna oonyana iqhawe adumileyo Second World War, Jikelele Rajewski, apho ngo-1794 watshata S. Konstantinov. Zonke wazala oonyana ababini neentombi ezintlanu:

• Alexander (1795-1868), wonyuselwa isikhundla sokuba sikhulu.
• Catherine (1797-1885, umfazi Decembrist M. F. Orlova, Intombi uzuko).
• Nicholas (1801-1843, umseki Novorossiysk zibhuqwe neenqaba emininzi North eCaucasus).
• Nozipho (c. 1802), owathi wafa kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ubudala.
• UHelen (1803-1852, umkhonzazana kwiwonga kwintendelezo uNicholas II).
• UMariya (1805-1863, umfazi S. G. Volkonskogo).
• Nozipho (1806-1883, amakhosikazi).

Zombini umzukulwana Eleny Lomonosovoy waba zomkhosi yaye bazibalula ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Akukho isiphelo kangako umdla ilindelwe kwaye kakhulu-umzukulwana ka-nzulu enkulu - Mary. Ku nga nje elinye uthi Aleksandra Sergeevicha Pushkina, kodwa wabonisa ihlabathi sampula engenasiphelo of ukuthembeka kunye nokuzinikela, emva nzima ukuba umyeni wakhe - Sergei Volkonsky. Hi ndlela leyi, udade wabo n Nikolaevna kwakhona utshate omnye nxaxheba kwimvukelo le Decembrists kunye minyaka yobomi bakhe ekuthinjweni.

Ngoku uyazi uhlobo ubomi babehlala oko Elena Mihaylovna Lomonosova. Family Scientist enkulu wayephila ubomi obulula, ingako eyaziwayo ngayo. Nangona kunjalo, oku kuyinyaniso emsulwa ukuba bakhulise enokuthenjwa, elibonelela ngayo n Andreevna noElena wavumela M. V. Lomonosovu ukuba abe isikhanyiso kakhulu kwinzululwazi Russian.