I-Spanish War Civil

Le mfazwe yamakhaya eSpeyin yaqala ngenxa yeempikiswano zentlalo, zenkcubeko, ezopolitiko kunye nezoqoqosho, waye ukothuka inkulu elizweni, ngenxa yokuba ngoko imisela isiphelo sayo. Yaba ukruthakruthwano imikhosi loozwilakhe kwaye Republican, ukuze akhusele idemokhrasi, kwangaxesha nye, xa kwakukho wengxabano yobukomanisi, idemokhrasi kunye Fascism eYurophu, ngenxa yokuba kwakukho liqhekeke ngayo. Tsalela ukunceda amazwe ezibe akumacala yongquzulwano ngamazwe, yaba isiseko omhlaba wamva.

Ngenxa yoko, i-Spanish Civil War - umzabalazo phakathi korhulumente leftist (ngenkxaso ye-USSR) kunye nemikhosi ekunene-iphiko (ezixhaswa yi-Italy kunye Germany), nto leyo eyaphela ngo imvume umyalelo zwilakhe kweli lizwe.

Xa ngo-1936 unyulo ukuya epalamente waseSpeyin waphumelela Popular Front Party, nto leyo wadala kamva urhulumente republic, imikhosi ekunene-iphiko ekhokelwa yi Franco waqalisa ukulungiselela ubhedu. Kungekudala zaqalwa zaye zabanjwa elikwiiCanary Islands, Spanish Morocco ne Spain. Ezi ukuvukela zaye abathintela, kodwa Germany kunye Italy ibe seyinike uncedo bavukeli ngokuthumela ukuba ebizwa ngokuba yi-amavolontiya zabo.

Le mfazwe yamakhaya eSpeyin iye yabangela umdla woluntu omkhulu ehlabathini lonke. Okokuqala, France iye yaxhasa urhulumente republic, kodwa kungekudala wafudukela kwicala lwamaNazi. Kwaye nehlobo kumazwe 1936 ezingamashumi amabini anesixhenxe, uninzi lwazo eneneni inkxaso imikhosi ekunene-nephiko eSpeyin, wakhetha umgaqo-nkqubo "non-ukuphazamiseka". Italy kunye Germany negalelo ngamandla ekudaleni umthombo omtsha yemfazwe, kwaye eSoviet Union ayekhalazela uphazamiso kwimisebenzi zomkhosi baxhasa bavukeli. Ukongeza, i-eSoviet Union, kunye namazwe kodwa amahlanu amathathu wanika amavolontiya zabo ukuxhasa Republican.

Imfazwe eyayihlala eSpain ukusayinwa eBerlin, i-German-Italian olunxantathu, enye yeenjongo egama ukuba baqhube imisebenzi yokulwa nxamnye lizwe, kwaye inyanga kamva yasayinwa "Anti-Comintern Pact" phakathi Jamani ne-Japan, eli leyo owayephethe ekulweni yobukomanisi, kwaye Novemba 1937, esi sivumelwano sele ujoyine Italy.

Ngelo xesha, kufuphi Madrid amaNazi boyiswa, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni nokwanda pfunaka namahlakani awo. idolophu Spanish ubunzima bombing ngu moya waseJamani. iintlanga eNtshona inkxaso ngamandla Franco, yaye ngoFebruwari 1939 baye bavakalisa ukuze zwilakhe kweli lizwe. Entwasahlobo waloo nyaka Madrid yathinjwa bavukeli, eli lizwe inciphisiwe. Spain, imfazwe yamakhaya bekuza kubhanga ukususela 1936 ukuya 1939, silahlekelwe ngaphezu kwamakhulu amane amawaka abantu zitshatyalalisiwe phantse yonke enkulu izixeko, iindlela, iibrorho eziluncedo.

Ngoko ke, lo kumanyano lwezopolitiko waseJamani, Japan kunye Italy watshintsha uhlobo yomzabalazo. I-Spanish Civil War iye yaguquka kwelinye icala, i-revolution, yaye kwelinye - ngendlela endala, waza waba ngamazwe.

Ngenxa yemigudu yamazwe apho ngukumkani Fascism, kwiRiphabliki Spanish woyiswa, ukuba linyathelo encotsheni eJamani, kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, xa iinyanga ezintlanu, njengoko ezi ngamajoni azinakufakwa kwisicwangciso ukubusa umhlaba. Nangona kunjalo, zonke ezi ziganeko kwakhokelela ekubeni kwizigqibo malunga utshintsho ekuhambeni umlo eyabakho ukususela leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi.

UPawulos, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba ngxaki iphambili kwenkulungwane lokugqibela ingxaki emfazwe kunye noxolo. Ukongeza, imbali yoluntu esoloko ngokuthumela uvavanyo ngokohlobo egusheni zengingqi. Kwaba kule nkulungwane yamashumi amabini kula ukungqubana kwemihla axhobileyo ziphazamise amandla wesithathu, nto leyo ebangele ukuba ukuvuselelwa impi yomhlaba.