Le nkwenkwezi lubizwa Sirius

Canis Major, ingakumbi engundoqo inkwenkwezi wayo - Sirius, makwazeke kubantu ukususela kumaxesha amandulo. Oku akumangalisi, ucinga ukuba Sirius iyinyani "ukukhanya" zezulu: ukukhanya kwayo kwabonakala into yesibini kuphela iLanga, neNyanga kunye nezinye iiplanethi ezintathu wezijikelezi - Mars, Venus noJupiter. Ukongeza, inkwenkwezi Sirius esibhakabhakeni zazibonakala phantse naluphi na indawo umhlaba wethu, nto leyo namakroza ezaziwayo-kakuhle kunye neenkwenkwezi.

Ngokutsho data lwezenzululwazi, Sirius - is alpha le umlaza Canis Major. Ukususwa evela kwinkqubo yethu "kuphela" 8.6 ukukhanya-iminyaka, okwenza ukuba enye esondele kuthi. Yintoni umdla kukuba, inkwenkwezi Sirius yi kabini okanye kathathu (nangona ubukho icandelo wesithathu ayikenziwa yobungqina). Ngako oko, le nto iphawulekayo - Sirius A (alpha) kunye Icandelo lesibini - yingqakumbana ezimhlophe Sirius B. Full ukujikeleza kwenzeka ngeenxa iziko eqhelekileyo engama-50. Ekuqaleni, Sirius A ngobuninzi ilingana no-2 izihlwele solar, kodwa Sirius B ke omkhulu, ezenza malunga nesi-5 izihlwele elanga. Kamva yokugqibela lwalusiwa karhulumente, nengcungcuthekileyo, nenomlanga omhlophe (izinto ezixineneyo, enobubanzi elincinane ngokwentelekiso kunye namaqondo obushushu).

Star Sirius B yabhaqwa ngo1862 godu ngu Imigqaliselo ngqo: ubugqwetha ezisisigxina intshukumo icandelo yesibini (alpha) yabangela omkhulu mnyama eliganukejako satellite. Ukubala bakuvumele ukuba ubone ngokwayo. Sirius, kukho ubuncinane 200 ezigidi. Years. Zonke Ipharamitha inkwenkwezi ingafumaneka kwi ncwadi efanelekileyo.

Yintoni constellation umdla kangaka? Sirius ukhankanywa kwiinkcubeko ezininzi, ezahlulwe eminyaka. Nkqu Dogon yamandulo ukwazi ngalo inkwenkwezi. Umzekelo, umgca eyaziwa kakuhle yeBhayibhile ukuba yavivshimsya abavumisi ngeenkwenkwezi wazalwa kuYesu, ingxelo ukuba badlulisa inkwenkwezi eliqaqambileyo empumalanga. Kwakhona, abantu abaninzi bezila nangokuqhuqha ibango ukuba inkqubo ka-Alpha Canis imiwe, yaye abahlala apho abantu phambili abafuna ukunceda uluntu.

Ingakumbi odumileyo Sirius ezifunyenwe kuphando iiphiramidi zaseYiputa. Amanye ezimayini zijolise ngqo kwi nkwenkwezi, ukongeza, kukho ezininzi ngeenkolelo, ekuthi ngawo iiphiramidi ngokwabo zakhiwa yi njengabaphambukeli. Njengalo okanye hayi, ixesha liya kuthi, nakuba kunjalo, kuyaziwa ukuba Sirius wadlala indima ebalulekileyo kubomi weYiputa yamandulo. Ngoko ke, ekuqaleni kweli xesha kusasa ngenkangeleko yakhe esibhakabhakeni ungqamene nokuchitheka loMlambo umNayile. Nangona ngenxa le nkwenkwezi kunqulwa, nto ayinakwenzeka enyanisweni wayengekho. kwehlobo kwakhokelela ukunyibilika ngokukhawuleza ikhephu kwintaba e Ethiopia, neemvula eyomeleleyo ethandwa, ngenxa yoko, ukwanda kwinqanaba wamanzi unogumbe sethafa echumayo. Emva yehla liqale umsebenzi odingekayo yezolimo.

Nangona indawo "ikufutshane", Sirius ayikaqondwa yaziwa. Nkqu candelo yakhe enkulu yesibini ibhaqwe ngokungangqalanga, ngenxa ukuphazamiseka isikhokelo Sirius A. Ngako oko, kusakhelwa malunga nenkqubo langa kodwa ayikwazi ukuthetha. Ngoko ke, akwaziwa ukuba kukho ubomi kule nkqubo. Yini na, zonke zobulumko zamandulo (umzekelo, Ptolemy, Seneca) ekuthiwa Sirius ebomvu, nangona kukhanya yayo elinombala. Umbala obomvu kungachazwa phambi kwi inkqubo bakaRafa ebomvu, njengoko nenomlanga emhlophe Sirius B ngokwenene sayihamba kweli nqanaba. Noko ke, kukholelwa ukuba ngxilimbela ibakala kunye nokugxothwa casings ebomvu wadlula 120 yezigidi. Kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, kunye zobulumko babehlala ekuqaleni xesha lethu. Indida izicacele.

Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, Alpha Canis Majoris igcwele iiphazili ezininzi ekufuneka isonjululwe ukulungiselela izizukulwana ezizayo. Zezulu, akukho izinto ezininzi ezaye iziqu kwiinkcubeko yamandulo, kodwa Sirius - ezikhanya (kuzo zonke iziva-mvo) lommeli yabo.