Phi isikhokelo intshukumo?

nayiphi na intshukumo yomzimba kungachazwa, ukuba kukho indlela yokwazi isikhundla salo isithuba mzuzu ngamnye. Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka ube umzimba reference (ukwazi malunga nasiphi na isifundo, siza kuqwalasela intshukumo lakhe), kwakunye ukumisela ngokwabo indlela achaza le ntshukumo.

Ekubeni umzimba ineenkalo (okt othile kwisithuba), sifanele sigqibe apho amatyala singakwazi singazityesheli kwaye musa ukulandela intshukumo ingongoma nganye. Oku kunokwenzeka kwiimeko ezimbini: ukuba umzimba edakasa ngendlela yokuba yonke imigca ethe ngqo azotywe kuyo, wenze nengqungquthela esingqamene ngokwabo (oku intshukumo kuthiwa ngcembe), kwaye ukuba ubungakanani umzimba ngokwemiqathango ngxaki ukuze nokungahoywa (ozakuthathwa umzimba mass point). Oku kuyenzeka ukuba indlela ababehamba ngumzimba amaxesha amaninzi ngaphezu imilinganiso yalo emzimbeni.

Ubucukubhede umzimba olungagqibekanga lwamkelwe njengenqaku eziphathekayo, ngaphandle kokuba kucacisiwe.

umgca motion ukhomba isithuba - yophuhliso sentshukumo. Yintoni na? Ingqiqo "indlela", njengoko kuchaziwe ukukhanda classical, kuquka ukuqokelelwa onke amalungiselelo, gqolo wahlala ingongoma eziphathekayo emajukujukwini.

Ukuze ubone indawo, emi isithuba kwi ngongoma mass ngalo naliphi na ixesha elithile, sebenzisa ingqiqo kumda wesangqa radius okanye nokulawula inkqubo. Iinqobo ze zilungelelanise x, y, z ukuchaza iingongoma isivumelwano isalamane yomgama ukuya nezamazembe ngokulandelelana. utshintsho Formula ezi uququzelelo (okanye isikhundla kumda wesangqa radius), kwaye kufuneka ifomula leyo ixhomekeke indlela yalo intshukumo.

Ekubeni intshukumo ayikho kuphela isithuba kodwa ekuhambeni kwexesha, ingxenye yesithathu kwenkqubo reference - kuba isixhobo sokujonga ixesha (ikloko okanye stopwatch). Kudibaniso nokulungelelanisa inkqubo nencopho lokuqala (umzimba isakhelo) bakha "iseti" ezinqwenelekayo ukuchaza kwisindululo ngongoma zethu eziphathekayo.

Vumela indlela motion i arc kunye ekuqaleni kwindawo M1 leyo iququzelela X1, y1 kunye uZ1, kwaye isiphelo indawo e M2 (iququzelela X2, y2, Z2). Umgama ukuba izinto udlula kwinqanaba necala eya ngakulo (arc ubude | M1M2 |) iya kubizwa ngokuba ubude umendo wayo. Eli lixabiso scalar.

Ukuba sisondela ukusuka kwindawo ukuba akhombe M1 M2 ingxenye ngqo (kumda wesangqa) r, ngoko ke iya kubizwa intshukumo yencopho eziphathekayo. Le ngcamango - hayi twatse ingqiqo endleleni. Indlela kunye iingongoma elihambayo kuphela xa isindululo kumgca ngqo idibana.

Umthetho kinematic sesindululo (okanye indlela nokumiselwa zilungelelanise yalo nangaliphi na ixesha) ngumsebenzi ngexesha lungaluhlobo umsebenzi analytical inxibelelanise okanye oyi kumda wesangqa ukusuka t-bume, elibonisa ixesha lokuhamba. Inokubuyiselwa oluvakaliswe yokubala ngokohlobo itafile okanye kwigrafu.

Xa motion uniform kukho into enje njengoko isantya kwindawo eziphathekayo. Isantya QUOTIENT le mali ukubana endleleni. Ukuba isikhokelo - ngqo, kodwa ke umzimba ihamba bengaphuhlanga ngokulinganayo, okt, ngezantya ezahlukeneyo kumacandelo ahlukeneyo endleleni, ngoko ke sithethe .. Isantya avareji.

Xa ukukhanda, isindululo kugqalwa uhlobo olwahlukileyo - rectilinear uniform, rectilinear ngokufanayo okukhawulezileyo efanayo ecaleni achazwe apha.

Iinkcukacha isindululo ngoomatshini nentshukumo nga ingqalelo ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu ukuququzelela iinkqubo, ezinye zazo zokubhala, ezinye mobile. Umzekelo, isithuthi esiqhutywa kwindlela ngokubhekiselele abahamba phezu kwalo nje ozihambelayo (indawo esisigxina), nto leyo ngokwayo ezinambuzelayo kuthelekiswa umthi ezikhula endleleni (a point elimisiweyo reference). Kulo mzekelo, isantya umzimba (isithuthi) liya kuba ngezantya ezimbini - isantya xa kuthelekiswa yayo yokuqala - Mobility - inkqubo (ngenyawo) kunye isantya ngeenyawo ngokuphathelele zokubhala (emthini).