Isikhumbuzo esithi "I-Ring Broken" eselunxwemeni lwaseLadoga Ichibi

Ehlotyeni ka-1941 amajoni amaNazi ahlangeneyo ahlasele iLeningrad ngokupheleleyo. Umsebenzi wokubamba isi sixeko wawubaluleke kakhulu, isiphumo sakhe esiyimpumelelo savula indlela yeentshaba eMoscow. Nangona ubugorha bamajoni aseSoviet, imikhosi yabahlaseli yayinokuphakama, kwaye ngoSeptemba 8, 1941, uLeningrad wayejikelezwe ngokupheleleyo. Intshaba ejikeleze isixeko yavalwa. Ixesha elibi kwimbali yaseLeningrad yaqala: iintsuku ezili-872 zokukhusela.

Igama elibi "ukukhusela"

Eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kubaLeningraders kwakubusika bokuqala ubusika. Ukunqongophala kokutya, amanzi, ukungabikho kokufudumeza, kunye nokuhlaselwa kwamanzi rhoqo, kukhokelela kwindlala enkulu kwisixeko, esabulala amakhulu amabini abantu abadala, abafazi kunye nabantwana. Isonka sakhishwa kwiikhadi ezikhethekileyo-kuphela 125 grams ngosuku. Abantu babephelile ngokwaneleyo ukuba bawele ngokufa esitalatweni.

Umthamo kuphela apho ukutya okuthobekileyo kwafika kwisixeko kwakuLadoga Ichibi.

"Indlela yoBomi", eyabakhupha abantu bephuma kuloo mzi, yanikela ukutya, yayihlala igxothwa yi-enemy artillery kunye neibhomu. Amakhulu ebomi bomntu, iitoni zokutya kunye neyeza zisezantsi kweLadoga.

Isikhumbuzo "Isiqwenga esiqwengqileyo" - uphawu lokuphendulela ekuphumeleleni

Ukuvalwa okupheleleyo kweLeningrad kwaphakanyiswa ngoJanuwari 27, 1944. Kodwa sele sebusika ngo-1943, ngenxa yomyalelo ofanelekileyo we- Soviet Army , uphumelelo lwenziwa kwindandatho. I-corridor yomhlaba eyiphumela kwezinye iindawo zafikelela ububanzi beekhilomitha ezili-8 ukuya kwe-10. Indlela entsha yenza ubomi bube lula kubemi basezidolophini. Ukunikezela ukutya kwiLeningrad kwaba lula, nangona ukuba i-shelling rhoqo kunye nokukhusela.

Kwakuye ngoJanuwari 18, 1943, ukuba isinyathelo esinqumbileyo sithathwa ngabantu baseLeningrad ukuba bakhulule kwi-blocked horror: enye yeNdlela yoBomi yafakwa. Isikhumbuzo esithi "I-Ring Broken" yaba ngumntu wobuchule bokuqala kwaye ufumaneka kwindawo apho indawo ehamba phambili yendlela yaqala khona.

Imbali yesikhumbuzo

Isakhiwo sekhonkrithi esomelezwayo, esimele iimbini zombini, ngexesha elifanayo isimboli sokuhlushwa kwabantu kunye nobuqhawe obuvelele bamaLeningraders kunye namajoni aseSoviet ngexesha lemfazwe.

Esi sikhumbuzo semitha esixhenxe sichaza amawaka eminyaka yabantu abalahlekileyo kunye neendandatho ezinqamlekileyo ezilinde ixesha elide. Isikhumbuzo sakhiwa ngumdwebi odumile waseSoviet uKM Simun. Umbhali wesikhumbuzo wayenguLeningrader wasekuhlaleni, kwaye nangona ebudeni bemfazwe wayefuduka, kuye ukukhululwa kwesi sixeko kwakuthetha ukubuyela kwilizwe lakubo. Mhlawumbi, ngenxa yoko, isikhumbuzo esikhulu esinamanani angama-32 esichaza ngokuchanekileyo uvuyo loyiso lokuqala ekukhululweni kweLeningrad engqongekileyo kwaye ihambisa intlungu yazo zonke iintlungu eza kufuneka ziphathwe kubemi bayo. Emva kwesikhumbuzo, umdwebi ulungiselele iibhola ezimbini ezimhlophe njengokuxelisa iimpawu zokukhangela kunye ne-anti-aircraft weapon, kwaye phantsi kwe-arch enye ibona imifanekiso yomkhuseli wemoto.

Isikhumbuzo esithi "I-Ring Broken" yavulwa ngo-Oktobha 1966. Okwangoku, isikhumbuzo siyinxalenye yelifa lemveli kunye nenxalenye yesikhumbuzo esikhulu "Isibhakabhaka Esiluhlaza."

IMyuziyamu yeNdlela yoBomi

Indlela eyayihlala kuyo loo mzi oqingqiweyo ayizange ibe yinto engekho yabizwa ngokuthi "Indlela yoBomi". Bekulapha ukuba ukuhamba okunobungozi kwahlelwe kulo lonke uLwandle Ladoga, okusukela ngoSeptemba 1941 ukuya ku-Matshi 1943 ludityaniswe neLeningrad kunye nelizwe. Nangona ikhulu leemoto ezinamanzi, iinqanawa, iibhagi kunye namawaka abantu abafileyo, isixeko saqhubeka sikhona.

Icandelo lomhlaba lendlela ukusuka eLeningrad ukuya eLake Ladoga liyingqungquthela evulelekileyo yemyuziyam kwaye iquka izikhumbuzo ezi-7 kunye neentsika zeememori: 46 zazo zikhona kwindlela emgwaqweni kwaye i-56 ihamba nomzila wesitimela. Ezi zakhiwo ziyinxalenye yembali eyingqayizivele yembali "uBlue Belt of Glory".

Kwikhilomitha engama-40 yendlela leyo isikhumbuzo " Intsimbi ephukileyo". Isikhumbuzo, isithombe esilandelayo, sisimboli sokuphazamiseka kwesithintelo kunye nokuqala kobomi obutsha besixeko esasinda kwi-horror of war.

Apha kukho esinye isikhumbuzo esinamazwi okuxoxwa kwintsimi, kunye ne-anti-aircraft. Zonke zimelela isikhumbuzo esiyinkimbinkimbi esithi "Intsimbi Ephukileyo" (isikhumbuzo).

Ndingafika njani?

"Iindlela zobomi" inxalenye yembali enkulu, indawo ekhethekileyo ehambele ngonyaka ngonyaka ngamawaka abavakatye abavela kumazwe ahlukeneyo kunye nabantu abaye bahamba kwiminyaka ebingcipheko.

Isikhumbuzo esithi "I-Ring Broken" yakhiwa kwidolophana yaseKokrevo, iSithili saseVsevolozhsky, kwiNgingqi yaseLeningrad. Yiya esikhumbuzweni singasemgwaqweni omkhulu we-federal A 128, uhamba kwinqanaba laseNortheast to Vsevolozhsk. Olu luhlu lomgwaqo omkhulu luphethe isihloko esithi "Indlela yoBomi". Isikhumbuzo sisekuntla kwidolophana yaseKokrevo, ngasemaphethelweni aseLadoga.

Unokufikelela kwisikhumbuzo ngomqeqeshi. Ukusuka kwisikhululo saseFinland saseSt. Petersburg, esiseLenin Square, isitimela sombane sithunyelwa imihla ngemihla. Ukuhamba kufuneka kube kwisikhululo sesitimela saseVaganovo, kwaye malunga neekhilomitha ezi-3 ngeenyawo ukuya kwidolophana yaseKokrevo. Ukongezelela, isikhumbuzo singagqitywa ngaselunxwemeni lweLadoga, umgama malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-5. Kodwa kule meko, kufuneka uhambe ngesitimela esiteshini saseLake Ladoga.

Imfazwe ayikhohliwe

Ekubeni iziganeko ezimbi zeLeningrad zikhutshwe iminyaka engaphezu kwe-70. Kodwa yonke into embi yemfazwe kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwamasosha aseSoviet akayi kuze ayilibale. Ngokugqithiseleyo ezi zikhumbuzo ezibuhlungu ziya kuba zikhunjulwe abo bantwana abasemazweni akude 1941-1943 bafumana indlala, bombardment, shelling nokulwa nokufa.

Ngomhla wokubhiyozela uSuku loPhulo, iSikhumbuzo esithi "I-Broken Ring" kunye nezinye iikhumbuzo kunye neenkumbulo ezingenakulibaleka zeemyuziyamu zakha kwakhona. Kwixesha elizayo, kucetywayo ukukhazimulisa kunye nokuluhlaza kwintsimi esondeleyo. Zonke ezi ziganeko ziya kulondoloza ilifa lemveli yelizwe kwaye lidlulisele kwisizukulwana esizayo.