Vasovagal syncope: inkcazo, izizathu, iimpawu kunye neempawu zonyango

Abantu abaninzi, ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo, banqabile, oko kukulahlekelwa yintshana. Oku kubangela ukuphazamiseka kwexeshana kwegazi kwiinkonzo. Ingabonisa ukuba kukho isifo esibi. Kwiyeza, kukho into efana ne-vasovagal syncope, ehambelana nokunciphisa ngokukhawuleza kwixesha lemiqathango yokuphambana kwentliziyo kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi.

Kucingelwa kungekhona ukwesongela ubomi, kodwa ukuba iphinda iphindaphindiwe, umgangatho wobomi uncitshiswa kakhulu. Kukho uphawu ebuntwaneni, kwaye uhlobo lokuhlaselwa kunye nenkambo yobomi ayitshintshi. Makhe sizame ukuqwalasela i-vazovagal syncope, iimpawu, izizathu zokuvela kwazo.

Izifo zesifo

Isi sifo sinobuchopho sibonakaliswe ukulahlekelwa kwexesha elifutshane, ngokukodwa xa umntu esesimweni sokuma. Kuvela ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: ngenxa yokubuyiswa kwe-venous ephantsi, i-tone evelwano iqala ukunyuka. Kubantu abajongene nokuphelelwa kolu qhelo, olu nyukeko lukhulu kakhulu, olubangela ukunyuka kwentliziyo. Iimvakalelo ezinzulu ziza kwingqondo evela kwiimbilini, ezikhokelela ekunyuseni kwi-parasympathetic kunye nokuhla kwetoni. Ngenxa yoko, i-bradycardia iphakama ehlisa ukunyanzeliswa kwegazi, oko kukubangela ukuphelelwa amandla.

Izizathu

I-syncope yeVavagal idlalwa ngenxa yempendulo engalunganga yomzimba ukucaphukisa i-receptors ethile ye-system ye-nerveous autonomic system.

Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zezi zifo zi:

• Imvakalelo enamandla, umzekelo, ukwesaba;
• Ukuthatha igazi eminwe okanye kwimvini, intlungu;
• Ukuma eside kwindawo yokuma;
• Ukuzivocavoca okufutshane kunye nokuyeka ngokukhawuleza;
• Ukugqithisa intambo eqinile okanye ikhola;
• Uloyiko lokuya kwidokotela wamazinyo.

Ngaloo ndlela, ukuba kukho i-syncope ye-vasovagal, izizathu zolu luyahluka. Kwimeko nayiphi na into, ihamba kunye nokunyuka okubukhali kwemithanjeni yegazi, ukunciphisa intlawulo yenhliziyo ukuya ekubanjweni kwentliziyo, nokucotha ukuphefumla. Ubulumko buyabuyisela kubukho phakathi kwemizuzwana embalwa.

Abantu abaphethwe zizifo zengqondo, ngokuqhelekileyo, bayaphikisana ixesha elide ukuba babe sebushushu kwindawo yokuma, ekubeni ukungafezeki kuphezulu.

Iimpawu

Ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-vasovagal kuhambelana neempawu ezilandelayo:

• Ngokukhawuleza ngaphambi kokulahlekelwa yesazi, ukujuluka, isicathulo, ukufiphala kwamehlo, i-tinnitus;
• Ulusu lufumana umthunzi omnyama;
• I-pulse nengcinezelo iyancipha kakhulu;
• I-Syncope ihlala ikhona xa umntu ebonakalayo, kwaye ukuba ekuqaleni kokuhlaselwa ukubeka ngokuthe tye, oko kuza kugula.

Diagnostics

Ugqirha kufuneka uqhagamshelane ngokukhawuleza, njengoko ukuhlaselwa kokuqala kwenzeka. Ngokuqhelekileyo, izizathu zokuphelelwa amandla akuyibi, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha oku kunokubonisa ukuphazamiseka okukhulu komzimba. Ngokomzekelo, malunga ne-tumor kunye nezifo ze-cardiovascular, ezingakhokelela ekufeni.

Okokuqala, ugqirha uyayifumana kwisigulane xa kuqhaqhazela, ingaba kwenzeka ngendlela efanayo, ehamba phambili ekulahlekelweni kolwazi kunye noko isigulane esinokukudibanisa khona. Emva koko ugqirha uqala ukuba nomdla kule mibuzo elandelayo:

• Umsebenzi wesigulane kunye nokuba unxulumene nomngcipheko wobomi (umqhubi, umqhubi, uhambo, umphahla);
• Ingaba izalamane zesigulane zinezifo zengqondo, ngaba zilahlekelwe, kuba i-vasovagal syncope ingaba yindlalifa.

Emva koko ugqirha uhlola isigulane sakhe, umbala umbala wakhe wesikhumba, ukubonakala kwezikhonkwane, iinwele, isifo sokuphefumula, ubukho bentliziyo bubukrokra kunye nokujikeleza kwimiphunga. Unika uvavanyo lwegazi jikelele kunye negazi.

Ukongeza, ukuxilongwa kufaka iinkqubo ezilandelayo:

• I-Electrocardiography (ECG), enquma ukusebenza kwentliziyo.
• Ukubeka iliso kwansuku zonke kwe-electrocardiogram ngokweHolter (HMECG). Ngexesha lama-24-72 iiyure, i-electrocardiogram ibhaliwe, kwaye ukuba kunokwenzeka ukulungisa i syncope, ngoko utshintsho oluthile luboniswa kuyo. Ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka, iziqulatho eziqhelekileyo ziphawulwe.
• I-Echocardiography (i-Echocardiography). Yenzelwa kuphela ukukhuphela izifo zemithambo yegazi kunye nentliziyo.
• Vavanyo lwe-Orthostatic. Ngoncedo lendlela, ukuxilongwa kwe "vasovagal syncope" kwenziwa. Ingundoqo yale nkqubo kukuba isiguli silele kwibhedi ekhethekileyo kwi-angle ye-degrees ezingama-60 imizuzu engama-30. Ngeli xesha, iiparitha ze-electrocardiogram zithathwa, ngokuzenzekelayo okanye ngokulinganisa umxinzelelo wegazi. Ngethuba le-synncope, kukho ukuphosa okuthe ngqo kwingcinezelo kunye nezitenxo kwimisebenzi yentliziyo.

Ukutshatyalaliswa vazovagalnye kungabikho. Akunjalo ukuba bayashukunyiswa sisiphi na isifo, ngokuqhelekileyo ukulahleka kwengqondo kwenzeka kubantu abaphilileyo.

Uncedo lokuqala ngokuphelelwa amandla

Ukuba isigulane sineenkqubela zangaphambili okanye esele ilahlekelwe ingqondo, kufuneka ibeke phezu kwendawo engqambileyo, ingagqithwanga okanye isuswe kwiingubo zakhe - inqanda ukuphefumla kwayo - kwaye imilenze yakhe ibekwe entabeni ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba kwegazi entloko. Kwimeko ezininzi, uncedo olunjalo luvumela umntu ukuba aphinde aphinde abuye.

Kodwa kwenzeka nokuba uyaqhubeka engakwazi. Kule meko, kuyimfuneko evela kwihlabathi elingaphandle ukunika ingqondo ingxaki, ukuze iphendule kwaye iqale "inkqubo" yonke. Oku kufuna enye ivuselelo elomeleleyo. Ngokomzekelo, unako ukumnika i-ammonia, ukufafaza ubuso bakhe ngamanzi abandayo okanye ukululaza izihlathi zakhe.

Musa ukunika isigulana ngokukhawuleza ukuba uvuke emva kokuba i-syncope ye-vasovagal yenzeke, ekubeni ukunikezelwa kwegazi akukafiki kwakhona. Kubalulekile ukumzisela ubomi ngokuthe ngcembe, ngokusemgangathweni ukulawula imeko yakhe. Ukuba iindlela ezinjalo azizange zincede, kufuneka ucele i-ambulensi ngokukhawuleza, kuba i-hypoxia edeleyo yengqondo ingabangela utshintsho olungenakuguquka, kwanokufa.

Amachiza

Ukuba i-vasovagal syncope ifunyaniswa, unyango luxhomekeke kubukhulu besifo. Kwezinye iimeko, ukulahlekelwa kwengqondo kwenzeka rhoqo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kwenzeka ukuba ukuphazamiseka kwedwa. Utyando luvame ukumiselwa kulabo abane-pathological condition kwenzeka njalo ukuba umntu ukhubazekile.

Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwe-beta-blockers, efana ne "Atenol" kunye ne "Metoprolol." Ngokuncedwa kwezi zi yobisi, iinkqubo zokwehla kwe-myocardial ziyancitshiswa kwaye kusebenze ngokugqithiseleyo kwe-mechanoreceptors yentliziyo inqandekile.

I-Bradycardia iphathwa nge-M-holinoblokatorami. Ngokukodwa, ezi zi-plasters, eziqukethe i-scopolamine. Ukuwasebenzisa kufuneka kube kanye ngeentsuku ezintathu. Ukunciphisa ubukhulu be-syncope, ugqirha usetha "iDizopiramid", ene-M-cholblock kunye nemiphumo emibi ye-inotropic. Ngokungaphantsi kakhulu usebenzise "iTheophylline".

Ukuba izidumbu ezinzulu zentliziyo, ukungabi naluphi uhlobo lwezinto okanye isifo segazi kwafunyaniswa ngexesha loxilongo, ngoko ugqirha kufuneka anike iindlela zokunyanga ngokuhambelana nezi zifo.

Unyango oluphandwayo

Olu hlobo lonyango luquka ukufakwa kwe-electrocardiostimulator. Ngenxa yoko, ukudibanisa kwezi zinto zilandelayo kuyimfuneko:

• Umdala wesigulane ungaphezu kwama-40;
• Rhoqo syncope;
• Akukho zikhokelo zokulahlekelwa kwengqondo (ukuthungca emehlweni, ukungcola, i-tinnitus);
• Ukubanjwa kweenqwelo zeenqwelo

Ukutshatyalaliswa emva kokuzilolonga

Kukho iimeko eziza vazovagalny syncope emva koqeqesho. Kule meko, izinto ezinokubangela ukuba: i-collar eqinile, ukujika okuthethekileyo kwentloko, ukuqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqho kwesifuba, uxinzelelo kwi-sinocarotid sinus.

I-syncope yeVavagal ivela kubadlali ngale ndlela:

• Kukho ukukhutshulwa ngokukhawuleza kweenqanawa zomhlaba, ngenxa yeso siphelo senhliziyo esinciphisa kakhulu kwaye i -hypoxia ye-cerebral ikhula;
• Ukuxhaswa ngokukhawuleza kwe-reflex nge-vagus nerve ye-cardiac umsebenzi ukuya ekupheleni kweentliziyo.

Kwimeko yokuqala, i-syncope eqhelekileyo ivela, kwaye kwimeko yesibini, ukujikeleza kwegazi ngokukhawuleza kuyeka, oku kufuna ukunikwa kweyeza kwangoko.

Amanyathelo okukhusela

Ukuba akukho zifo ezinzulu ziye zafunyaniswa, kufuneka kuqwalasele ingqalelo ekuphunyezweni kwamanyathelo okukhusela, oku kulandelayo:

• Kubalulekile ukukhusela iimeko ezingabangela ukulahlekelwa yintliziyo;
• Awukwazi ukuhlala ixesha elide ekushiseni, ukulamba indlala, ukutshaya, ukusela utywala, ukugqithisa;
• Kubalulekile ukunciphisa umsebenzi owenzayo osebenzayo kwiinyanga ezintathu;
• Kuyimfuneko ukuqinisa impilo - ukuya kwintsimbi ekhanyayo ekuseni, ukubhukuda, i-aqua aerobics;
• Ukuchaphazela ngokufanelekileyo iinqanawa ezihlukeneyo kunye nokuqina;
• Ngoko ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi luhlala luqhelekileyo, kubalulekile ukugcina ulawulo lomhla, oko kukuthi, ukufumana ibhalansi ephakathi komsebenzi nokuphumla, okuya kunceda ukugcina imikhosi;
• Awukwazi ukuhlawulela ngokukhawuleza kwaye uphakamise kwisimo esifanelekileyo, ekubeni ukuwa kwe-orthostatic kwenzeka;
• I-norm normates uxinzelelo lokusela itiye ye-herbal kwi-chamomile kunye ne-mint, i-wort yaseSt. John, kunye ne-lemon balm.

Ukutshatyalaliswa ngokukhulelwa

Ngamanye amaxesha i-vasovagal ephazamiseka kwenzeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Imeko yowesifazane kwisimo esithakazelisayo ihlala ihamba kunye ne-malaise jikelele kunye nobuthathaka obandayo, kwaye oku kubangelwa ukwanda komzimba emzimbeni. Ukubonakala kokuphelelwa amandla kukumkhathaza kakhulu. Zivela kula maxesha alandelayo:

• Utshintsho oluthile ekujikelezeni kwegazi;
• Ishukela ephantsi yegazi;
• Ukunyakaza okuphambili;
• Ukufudumala nokuhamba;
• Ukulala ixesha elide kwaye rhoqo;
• Toxicosis.

Ukuphazamiseka rhoqo kunobungozi ngenxa yokuwa kwabo, ngoko kufuneka nixelele ugqirha.

Isiphelo

Ngaloo ndlela, ukuphazamiseka kwe-vasovagal kungakhupha izifo ezinzulu, ngoko kufuneka uqhagamshelane nodokotela ukuze uxilongwe kwaye unyango. Abantu abaphilileyo, maxa wambi bavela. Ngombulelo kumanyathelo okukhusela, ukugula okunjalo kunokugwenywa.