Allergen-ngqo immunotherapy: inkcazelo, iimpawu kunye nohlolo

Umzimba esibizwa ngokuba ngcono uvakalelo nayiphi na into. Mbonakaliso sifo kakhulu amaninzi ukungxama, nokudumba, nokuthimliswa, isifuba, nangokhwekhwe, nkqu necrosis. unyango kwangumqondiso komzimba ngokuqhelekileyo luqhutywa usebenzisa arhente hormone antihistamines. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa unyango olunjalo ngokwayo ambambe kuphela iimpawu zesi sifo. Le uxabana efanayo kanye ngale ndlela asinyangeki. Kodwa technology zonyango, ne apho ukuphelisa esi sifo, ngethamsanqa, isekho.

Ukusetyenziswa allergen-ngqo unyango

Njengokuba kubhaliwe iyaziwa, ukwenzela ukukhusela ephilayo ukususela ekusulelekeni yayintsholongwane eyosulela amagciwane okanye neentsholongwane, usebenzisa indlela ezifana nogonyo. Allergen-ngqo immunotherapy kufana noko le nqubo. Isigulana yazise nje ithamo ngemikroskopu wenkqu, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ngovukelo. Buhlala allergen-ngqo unyango idla mde kakhulu ixesha - evela iinyanga eziliqela.

Ngeli xesha, emzimbeni wakhe, njengoko kunjalo "beqhelene" kwi intshukumo allergen. Ngenxa isigulana zonke iimpawu zesi sifo.

Ubungqina obubonakalayo buxela ukuba unyango wokuziphatha

Unikwe unyango olunjalo idla kuphela abantu abaneminyaka emi-5 ukuya ku-50. Ngaphambi kokuqalisa unyango, ugqirha kufuneka siqiniseke ezilikhulu ekhulwini ukuba isigulana unalo isifo ngumzimba ngokwendalo.

nemiphumo emihle iziphumo immunotherapy allergen-ngqo kwezi meko zilandelayo:

• conjunctivitis nokuthimliswa ngokwamaxesha;

• nokuthimliswa ongatshiyo.

Kwakhona, le ndlela lusebenza kakhulu unyango inyumoniya yesifuba nomlindi izifo - sentliziyo, yonyango, emathunjini kunye nezifo.

Lunokunyangwa usebenzisa ubuchule ezifana ibe immunotherapy allergen-ngqo kunye zomzimba neziyobisi. Noko ke, le iteknoloji isetyenziswa kule meko kunqabile. Asit isicelo kwi sifo okunjalo kuphela xa ebiza ulungiselelo abasabela kubalulekile kwaye endaweni yonke into.

Ukungayichukumisi indawo ene-allergen kuya kuthintela uphuhliso iimpawu ezimbi, Kakade ke, engcono ngaphezu naluphi na unyango. Akukho simpotomov kungekho isivuseleli, isigulana nje ngeke kwenzeke. Bathunyelwa unyango allergen-ngqo idla kuphela xa akunakwenzeka ukuba kusiphepha. Ngokomzekelo, abafanelekileyo uya kuba isicelo kule nqubo ku kukho bagulayo umguli kwindlu eluthulini, amangolwane ulusu imveliso inkunkuma njalo njalo.

Ziziphi iziyobisi zingasetyenziswa

allergen-ngqo kwenziwa immunotherapy (ASIT) usebenzisa:

• izakhi msulwa;

• allergoids;

• ezinye izakhi ilungiswe.

Ukumiselwa komgangatho eveliswa eRashiya esetyenziswa nyango i allergen-ngqo immunotherapy, amalungiselelo kuvavanywa ngokusekelwe umxholo kwabo protein nitrogen (PNU). Umzekelo, ungasetyenziswa imithi ezifana Asit njenge "Staloral" yaye "Fostal".

Njani iziyobisi

Eneneni kanye iindlela Asit ezahlukahlukeneyo. Oku ingaba:

• ngokutsha cytokine nokutshintshiselana omzimba;

• imveliso uvimba izilwa-buhlungu;

• zamedelenie component umlamli ukudumba komzimba;

• zinciphisa IgE.

Asit kunganqanda zombini kwexesha nasekuqaleni ibakala wavele nawo. Kwakhona kule unyango elinganeno ipatheni iseli ye nangokurhala, ukungahlaliseki le bronchi somoya.

Indlela siphatha

Liyinikiweyo yaye yenziwa allergen-ngqo immunotherapy unokuthi, Kakade ke, kuphela ugqirha professional (kwaye kuphela kunye namava afanelekileyo). Sebenzisa le ndlela kuphela ngeke kuyo nayiphi na imeko. Impazamo kwi iidosi allergovaktsiny ungaze ekufeni isigulane.

Faka immunotherapy enjalo kuvunyelwa kuphela ngexesha extraseizure lokugula. iinkqubo ukudumba Pre-nomonde kwemiphunga kunye nezinye nakujoliso olutsha losulelo ezinganyangekiyo kufuneka zisuswe.

Qala uqhuba allergen-ngqo immunotherapy usoloko kunye iingedosi ezincinane kakhulu beziyobisi. Kwaqaliswa ezintweni into ngokuqhelekileyo ngenaliti. Ngamanye amaxesha nje iipilisi okanye powder zisetyenziselwa unyango. Kamva, umthamo ebegqwese ukwanda.

Ubuninzi lolawulo kwiimeko kakhulu amaxesha 2-3 ngeveki. Ikhosi Standard ngokupheleleyo - 25-50 inaliti. izigulane iinaliti kufuneka kwenziwe kunye nokusetyenziswa iisirinji insulin elahlwayo. Iinaliti kwesikhumba at immunotherapy.

Ziziphi izifundo ingenziwa

Standard iirejimeni Asit ayisekho. Therapy lwenziwa yi ugqirha ngokungqinelana iimpawu ngamnye yomguli kunye ikhosi yokugula kwakhe. Asit bangahlela kuphela ezi ndidi zilandelayo:

• izifundo ezifutshane pre-xesha;

• Ikhosi pre-ixesha elizeleyo;

• unyaka wonke unyango.

Kwakhona kuyenzeka ukuba ukuchonga kwisigaba iphambili yale ndlela zonyango:

1. Ukulungiselela. Kweli nqanaba, ugqirha uhlolisisa ngocoselelo imbali yezonyango yomguli yaye liqhuba uhlolo. allergen prichinnozavisimy olunye kwaye umiselwa iqondo nobuntununtunu ephilayo kuyo (usebenzisa iisampuli). Ngako oko, le ezipapashiweyo oyifunayo neziyobisi kunye balawule.

2. Eziqalisa isigaba. Kweli nqanaba, isigulana ilawulwa ichiza kunye nokwanda kancinane idosi.

3. Isigaba yesondlo. Eli nqanaba unokuthatha ukusuka kwiminyaka emi-3 ukuya kwemi-5. Ngeli xesha isigulane kuthatha amayeza rhoqo kwaye oqeshwe phantsi kweliso kakhulu ngononophelo ngugqirha.

oyi

Emva wemithi ichiza emzimbeni wakhe, ngenxa yezizathu ezicacileyo, uqala ukuba umthwalo kakhulu. Ngoko ke akuvumelekanga ngokungqongqo ukwenza ngesitofu enjalo isigulane kunye nayiphi ugonyo. Imiphumo-non ukungathotyelwa kwalo iimeko ezibalulekileyo nzima ngenene. Kwakhona ngethuba lonyango kuyimfuneko ukuba ecaleni ngokupheleleyo impembelelo olongezelelweyo emzimbeni yesigulane zamavumba nezidlo.

Izimo

Akuvunyelwe ngokungqongqo ukuphumeza immunotherapy allergen ezithile-ne;

• iziguli okhulelweyo;

• ubukho kule ogulayo inkqubo ahlekise esosulelayo;

• isifuba imilo esisigxina 2-3 degrees;

• neengxaki ngethuba sifo komzimba;

• ubukho ezimbi ithumba;

• izifo zengqondo kwinqanaba oyingozi;

• amazinga aphezulu immunoglobulin E.

Nge unyango ukusebenzisa iteknoloji ngenyameko efanayo kwizigulane:

• ongaphantsi kwe-5 nangaphezulu ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-50;

• ukuba zokugula cutaneous;

• abaphethwe zizifo ezingapheliyo esosulelayo;

• kwisikhumba uvakalelo embi ukuya allergen.

imiphumela emibi

Kakade ke, ngeli xesha unyango isigulane angavela zonke iintlobo yokusabela kabi. imiphumela emibi nokusetyenziswa unyango allergen-ngqo kunokuba njalo;

1. ububomvu kunye ukudumba kuyo inaliti. Kukho yokusabela enjalo ngokuqhelekileyo malunga nesiqingatha seyure emva nolawulo. Phambi ukusebenza loo icala ithamo allergen ezisetyenziswayo kufuneka incitshiswe.

2. iqondo lobushushu emzimbeni Ukwanda yomguli, okanye irhashalala. Ezi abasabela ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza emva ulawulo iziyobisi. Kulo mzekelo, i nomthamo nayo uqobo lincitshiswe.

Njani unyango olusebenzayo kungaba

Okwangoku, allergen-ngqo immunotherapy yeyona ndlela kuphela unyango lwe allergies kunye sombefu, ochaphazela ngqo kwi nohlobo ngumzimba zesi sifo. Emva edlula ikhosi ngokupheleleyo yonke imithetho lidla waphawula kwizigulane uxolelo ixesha elide. In komzimba nokuthimliswa kunye polynosis isiphumo ogqwesileyo unyango Lukwalungiselela 90% kwizigulane. Kwakhona waphawula ukuba iziphumo ezingcono ngokwemiqathango unyango kwisicelo se ASIT ngendlela eyiyo kungenziwa kwizigulane abancinane.

Elibonakaliswe ukusebenza lwezonyango ngayo izigulane ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka kuphela emva 3-5 izifundo Asit. Kodwa uphuculo olubonakalayo rhoqo emva wokuqala. Indlela eziphilayo izigulane kwizinto limiselwe hayi kukubi.

Allergen-ngqo immunotherapy: umba ixabiso le

Iindleko zonyango ukuba indlela Asit ixhomekeke ubukhulu becala le ndlela yokusabela ebangela isivuseleli. Uviwo ugqirha zobungcali afanelekileyo ngokuqhelekileyo neendleko malunga 900 engange. Kuba unyango uxabana umungu ukusuka imithi, ingca nomonde kungathabatha, umzekelo, ukususela nge-6 ukuya ku-12 amawaka bahlikihlele nezafayo - .. Ukusuka-8 ukuya kwi-14.5 amawaka Hlikihla..

Allergen-ngqo immunotherapy: angqina

Ingxelo ngale nobugcisa unyango lwezigulane ngokwabo baba ezintle kunene. Ezinye izigulane bafumana Asit le ndlela kuphela olusebenzayo unyango komzimba. Emva kwekhosi izigulane ezininzi, bathi, ekugqibeleni, baqale "baphila ubomi ngokupheleleyo." Bamdumisa ubuchule njengoko izigulane nokuthimliswa kunye angioedema, kunye nezinye izenzo uyaliwa.

Maxa wambi kuyenzeka ukuba indlela swi nga pfuna isigulane. Kodwa nayiphi na imeko, njengoko kuqatshelwe zizigulane ezininzi, umonakalo yena phantse akwenzayo. Kukholelwa yi ethile abanye ngale ndlela, njengoko allergen-ngqo immunotherapy, intlawulo ke le. Kakade ke, ukuze loo msebenzi wokumkani amawaka 12-14. Kuba unyango phantsi amandla zonke isigulane.