Indlela lula amabinzana ubhalo: umsebenzi, imithetho kunye nemizekelo

Namhlanje siza kufunda kunye lula amabinzana ubhalo, siya uqhelane kunye nemithetho esisiseko kwaye ukhangele inyaniso kwemisebenzi logic itafile.

Okokuqala, kutheni lo mbandela. Ngaba wakha waphawula ukuba ukuthetha njani? Nceda qaphela ukuba intetho nezenzo zethu zisoloko ngokuxhomekeke kwimithetho ekuqiqeni. Ukuze ukwazi ngesiphumo nayiphi na isiganeko hayi luvaleleke, sifunde imithetho elula necacileyo ekuqiqeni. Baya kukunceda nje kuphela ndifumane amanqaku amahle kwinzululwazi yekhompyutha okanye ukufumana iibhola ngaphezulu kwiimviwo zikarhulumente enobunye, kodwa ukwenza eyidlalayo ebomini azikho random.

imisebenzi

Ukuze ufunde ukwenza lula indlela amabinzana logic, kufuneka wazi:

• Yintoni na algebra Boolean;
• amazwi Ukunciphisa kunye nomthetho ukuguqulwa;
• umyalelo imisebenzi.

Ngoku sijonga le miba ngokweenkcukacha ezinkulu. Masiqalise kunye nokusebenza. Bona mahle lula ukuyikhumbula.

1. Into yokuqala siphawula phindo ubhalo, kule ncwadi ibizwa ngokuba operation isihlanganisi. Ukuba imeko ibhalwe ngendlela yokuthetha, umsebenzi kuboniswe yi-tick zocaphulo, uphawu lophindaphindo, okanye "&".
2. Imisebenzi elandelayo ezisetyenziswayo kakhulu rhoqo - ukongeza ubhalo okanye disjunction. uphawu lakhe lokukorekisha okanye uphawu lokudibanisa.
3. Eyona ibaluleke kakhulu kukuba le kuphika okanye inversion. Khumbula indlela ngolwimi Russian kuwe isimaphambili ekwanti. Ngokucacile, lo inversion luboniswa isimaphambili phambi elithi, okanye umgca oxwesileyo ngaphezu kwayo.
4. Umphumela onengqondo (okanye kuchaphazela) kubonisiwe utolo kwixabiso uphando. Ukuba sicinga ukusebenza ukusuka kwindawo Ngenxa ulwimi Russian, siyafana uhlobo isakhiwo sezivakalisi: "Ukuba ... emva koko ...".
5. Okulandelayo lo ukulingana, nto leyo luchazwa ngu utolo endlela-mbini. In Russian, umsebenzi imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: "kuphela xa".
6. Sheffer stroke eyohlula mabinzana ezimbini ibha nkqo.
7. Pierce Arrow, ngokufanayo Sheffer stroke, izabelo ibinzana utolo nkqo ijonge ezantsi.

Qiniseka ukuqaphela ukuba imisebenzi ekufuneka yenziwe ngolandelelwano olungqongqo: kuphika, ukuphindaphinda, Ukongeza, ngenxa yoko, le ukulingana. Ngokuba imisebenzi "Sheffer stroke" yaye "ubhalo okanye" akukho mthetho ophambili. Ngoko ke, kufuneka kwenziwe ngendlela apho bame ibinzana entsonkothileyo.

inyaniso iyidandalazise

Lula seBhulin uze netafile inyaniso zesigqibo sayo ngakumbi akunakwenzeka ngaphandle ulwazi iitafile imisebenzi esisiseko. Ngoku sinikela ukudibana nabo. Qaphela ukuba amaxabiso ingathatha nokuba ixabiso yinyaniso okanye bubuxoki.

Kuba isihlanganisi betafile imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

operation disjunction Itheyibhile ye:

kuphika:

ngenxa:

ukulingana:

Barcode Schiffer:

Arrow Pierce:

lula kwemithetho

Ngomhla umbuzo ukuba lula ngayo amabinzana logic kwinzululwazi yekhompyutha, kuya kusinceda sifumane iimpendulo imithetho elula necacileyo ekuqiqeni.

Masiqalise umthetho elula ayiphikisani. Ukuba phinda iingqiqo malungana (A kunye Nea), ngoko sifumana bubuxoki. Kwimeko Ukongeza kweekhonsepthi esahlukileyo, sifumane inyaniso, lo mthetho ubizwa ngokuba 'ngumthetho phakathi ngaphandle. " Amaxesha amaninzi xa algebra Boolean kukho amabinzana kunye kuphika kabini (hayi Nea), ngoko ke sifumane impendulo A. Kukho kwakhona ezimbini yomthetho de Morgan:

• ukuba siye senza kuphika zokudibanisa ubhalo, siya ufumane phindo amabinzana amabini kunye inversion (hayi (A + B) = * Nea Neuve);
• izinto ezifanayo, kwaye nomthetho wesibini, satya ukwalela phindo, sifumana ukudibanisa amaxabiso amabini kunye inversion.

phindwa rhoqo kakhulu, ixabiso elifanayo (A okanye B) eyakhiwe okanye banda kunye. Kulo mzekelo, umthetho phindo (= A * A + B okanye A = B). Kukho imithetho ukuzuza:

• A + (A * B) = A;
• A * (A + B) = A;
• A * (HEA + B) = A * B.

Kukho ezimbini komthetho nimanyane:

• (A * B) + (A * B) = A;
• (A + B) * (A + B) = A.

Lula amabinzana ubhalo kulula ukuba uyayazi imithetho algebra Boolean. Yonke into edweliswe kweli candelo manqaku umthetho ivavanywe empirically. Ukulungiselela le njongo sivula kwizibiyeli ngokunxulumene nemithetho lwemathematika.

UMZEKELO 1

Siye sasifunda zonke iinkalo lula amabinzana ubhalo, kuyimfuneko ngoku ukubethelela ulwazi lwabo olutsha basisebenzise. Sicebisa ukuba wenze imizekelo kunye emithathu ukusuka kwiprogram yesikolo kunye amatikiti luhlolo karhulumente emanyeneyo.

Kulo mzekelo yokuqala, kufuneka lula ibinzana elithi: (P * E) + (C * it). Okokuqala, simele sinikele ingqalelo yokuba kuzo zombini kwizibiyeli yokuqala neyesibini babe variables efanayo unikeza ukuze asikhuphe kwizibiyeli. Emva kokuba wenze ngokwenza athi: C * (E + it). Ngaphambilana siye Wajonga umthetho phakathi ngaphandle, sisisebenzise ngokuphathelele elithi. Kulandela oku, ukuba uthi E + = 1 kengoko ubuso bethu kuthatha uhlobo: C * 1. Ibinzana obubangela, sinako kube lula ukwazi ukuba C 1 = C *.

UMZEKELO 2

Umsebenzi wethu esilandelayo iya kuba: yintoni Kusekho ibinzana lula seBhulin akukho (C + oko) hayi + (C + E) + C * E?

Nceda qaphela kulo mzekelo i kuphika amabinzana ezintsonkothileyo, oku kufuneka lahla, kukhokelwa imithetho yase De Morgan. Ukusebenzisa kwabo, siya ufumane ibinzana ilandelayo: * E + Nes Nes * kuyo + C * E. Kwakhona sibona ukuphindaphindwa variable ngokwemiqathango ezimbini, ukuba wenze aphume kwizibiyeli: HEC * (E + naye) + C * E. Kwakhona, sisebenzise Ukuthintelwa Act: HEC * 1 + C * E. Sikhumbula ukuba ibinzana elithi "Nes * 1" lingana no Nes: Nes + C * E. Sicela ukusebenzisa umthetho nosasazwayo: (HEC + C) * (HEC + E). Sisebenzisa umthetho phakathi ngaphandle: HEC + E.

UMZEKELO 3

Uye wabona ukuba eneneni Kulula kakhulu lula seBhulin. Umzekelo №3 uya ayiqabe iinkcukacha ngaphantsi, zama yokuyenza ngokwakho.

Lula ibinzana elithi: (D + E) * (D + F).

1. D * D + D * F + E * D + E * F;
2. D + D * F + E * D + E * F;
3. D * (1 + F) + E * D + E * F;
4. D + E * D + E * F;
5. D * (1 + E) + E * F;
6. D + E * F.

Njengoko ubona, ukuba uyazi imithetho lula amabinzana ezinzima zilandelelana, ngoko lo msebenzi soze kweyona nkathazo.