Icawa ilitye lokuqala Rus Ancient uyitempile?

Yimbonakaliso Orthodox inkcubeko yamandulo Russia soloko amabandla. Ubuhle nobuhle konqulo aqala kwiziko ubomi ibandla - Orthodox.

Ukusuka neenkuni namatye

Yobuninzi amahlathi baseRashiya nempembelelo ukuxhaphaka zokwakha iinkuni. Lo mthi njengento material cheap, kunye nobunzima nezokukhupha yokwakha amatye kwakhona kuchaphazela ixabiso layo.

History of Rus Ancient ichaza ukuba iinkuni beziphantse zonke izakhiwo: ezinde, amabhotwe, izindlu abalimi, ngokunjalo ibandla. Log yeyona nto iphambili konke, nokuyila. Uyilo Creative zazingekho. Bambalwa abantu ababa nobuganga imifuniselo lithemba ukuba isetyenziswe kufuna enye eziphathekayo. Uyilo Classic le nabalimi yayimbombo tile log. Okuninzi nokwakheka imbaxa iinqaba njengenkosana, ibandla hipped.

Kungenxa ubu walahlekelwa enkulu yokwakha izakhiwo yamandulo.

ukwakhiwa itshe

Nge Ukubhaptizwa Rus enxulumene ukwakhiwa ngamatye. Icawa ilitye lokuqala Rus Ancient nguye yayakhelwe eKiev eConstantinople nabayili. Ababhali-mbali bakholelwa ukuba umhla konyaka th umcimbi 989. Ngaphambi koko, kakhulu, kwakukho iitempile, kodwa isakhiwo ngamaplanga.

Ukuba uyakholwa yemihla, ulwakhiwo itempile yagqitywa e th 996, kodwa ke yamiselwa wona.

Uphawu ukholo kunye namasiko

Umlinganiselo amakholwa ezindlwini ebesoloko ekhethekileyo Orthodox. Ngokufuthi ukwakhiwa ibandla elitsha senzeka iminikelo.

isiko ibangelwa uya kwiTestamente eNdala. Ngokutsho yemihla ziphuma ukuba ibandla ilitye yokuqala Rus Ancient liBandla of the Virgin oyiNgcwele, okanye ezinye - Church of izishumi. Emva kokuba ubhaptiziwe Rus, kule minyaka yokuqala, ukuba ekuqaleni kokwakhiwa ibandla ubuhle izithethe izakhiwo aseByzantium Bulgarian. Ngunozala isizathu amanene yaba Prince Vladimir, wamnika isishumi sawo semali.

Unanamhla oku ayikwazanga ukugcina itempile ilitye yokuqala ka-Russia yamandulo ifomu yayo yasekuqaleni. Kuye itshatyalaliswa Mongols ngexesha kuthinjwe Kiev. umsebenzi Ukubuyiselwa yaqala ngenkulungwane XIX. Nangona kunjalo, uyilo webandla kubonakala kakhulu xa sesakhiwo amabandla kuyo yonke iRussia.

Kwi ibandla lokuqala ilitye

Itempile yokuqala lilitye Russia yamandulo got igama layo ukusuka izishumi eyanikelwa umthetheli yokwakha. Ikhuselekile na inkcazo imbali - Church of izishumi.

Alithandabuzeki elokuba, ibandla ilitye yokuqala Rus Ancient na isakhiwo apho kungathathwa ibandla ebhotwe. Ukususela iintsalela isitena mbali isiseko ziye izigqibo ezazakhiwe ecaleni izakhiwo ebhotwe. intshabalalo olufunekayo akakwazi ukubuyisela imbonakalo yazo yantlandlolo bokwakha, kodwa ekuphelisweni ziingcali ukuba izakhiwo lwesithethe.

indawo ebhotwe ezihlala aba yinxalenye oqingqiweyo ka kumgangatho wesibini ngokokwakhiwa kwebhotwe ilitye, okanye ezikufutshane etempileni lokuqala ilitye of Russia yamandulo. Kuyinyani nezembali ezithi eKiev eme phakathi kwezinye izixeko zamatye izitena bokwakha. Ikomkhulu karhulumente iyavela isakhiwo omkhulu.

Good ibonisa impembelelo iinkosi ZesiGrike kuyilo bokwakha le Kumbi Cathedral.

Ngamaxesha le seLizwe Mstislav kunye Yaroslav yahlulelana ilizwe. Waza waqala kwisigaba esilandelayo sokwakha. Kwisixeko Ikomkhulu Chernihiv lokwakha kwaqala ngaphambili. Mstislav wabeka ekuqaleni isiseko uMsindisi Cathedral.

Umhla ngqo kokuqala ukwakha akafumaneki kwi imithombo ebhaliweyo. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba 1036 ezindongeni yecawa yaqala, ngokwenkcazelo, "njengoko kunjalo esandleni ngamahashe dosyaschi ukuzenza", gama elo elithetha "phezulu kakhulu." Xa kwimbali umhla ephawulwe ukufa Prince Mstislav.

E Kiev, Saint Sophia Cathedral yakhiwa emva Chernihiv uMsindisi Cathedral. Ukuhlalutya imeko yezopolitiko ezinye i data yembali, ixesha xa ibandla ilitye wamiswa, kungathathwa ngo-1037. Hagia uSophia ibonakalisa umnqweno ukuphinda zoyilo Byzantine. Le ibandla elikhulu Kievan Rus 'sithathwa njengomzekelo njengoko isakhiwo cross-angqukuva kulwakhiwo icawa e Novgorod kunye Polotsk.

Ngo-1073 waseka lusekeleke Cathedral le Kiev Caves Monastery. Le ibandla wadlala indima ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso izakhiwo Russian. Xa "Crypt Paterikon" obu ke ubungqina: "... Master of ecaweni madoda 4" - echazwe ukufika nabayili bezakhiwo, ukwakhiwa ukwakha waseConstantinople. Malunga nokuqulunqwa kwenqaku izakhiwo ibandla of Kiev-Pechersk eMonastri ezinemphembelelo Kiev Sofia. Imbali Complex le Cathedral yobu Ingqiqo ndiqiniseke kumandla ukholo - yecawa eyivuthele phezulu ngo-1942, ibuyiselwa kule 1990.

Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XI, isixeko esikhulu samandulo Russian Pereslavl uba ukubaluleka yomkhosi kunye nezopolitiko. Ngaphaya kweendonga ilizwe layo Kiev, nabo bonke Dnieper River wafumana indawo yokufihla ehlaselayo Polovtsian. Emhlabeni kwalo mzi mkhulu zenzeka ukwakhiwa "Stone City" - Church Michael kaThixo. Xa liphulo Prince Vladimir Monomakh noMveleli uEfrayim beza esangweni yeSango Church of Theodore. Ngowe-1098 kwinkundla yenene iqala ulwakhiwo Church of Lady yethu.

Ngokutsho yemihla ikhankanya, ngaphandle komzi kwakukho imizila kwicawa encinane phezu komlambo lte. Ngelishwa abantu Orthodox kunye mbali, ezikhumbuzo pereyaslavlskie azikhange zigcinwe ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.

Ixabiso ibandla - ukusuka esikolweni ukuya kwisihloko royal

Iintlafuno Russia yaMandulo nempembelelo nokumiselwa amagama ezitalato, iindlela, kunye nemizi. Zonke izinto ezihambisana kwindawo engcwele, ngokukhawuleza ukwamkela igama etempileni, ibandla.

Phakathi Ancient amabandla eRussia indawo yonxulumano. Le entsha yokuhlala yaqala kwakusakhiwa itempile - iziko lobomi wonke umntu. Unqulo ngelo xesha eqokelelweyo phantse bonke abemi lali. imisebenzi ebalulekileyo kwintsapho nganye wayephethe imisitho: imitshato, ubhaptizo, emingcwabeni, iintsikelelo.

Temple wadlala indima ebalulekileyo izithethe Orthodox. Umhombiso indawo, izithethe, icons yanikwa ithemba ikholwa usindiso umphefumlo wakhe. Ukongeza, bonke ubuhle be etempileni.

umfutho Sekuhanjelwe banikwa Orthodox kokuba art. uphuhliso lwabo bathatha indawo ngaphakathi iitempile. Ukuze ikholwa, ibandla kubaluleke kulo lonke inkcubeko kunye nonqulo. Kungenxa yoko le nto ezinye iziganeko ezibalulekileyo ukuba akazalani ubomi zeCawa, sibanjwe phantsi kwawo lwe kwimifanekiso eqingqiweyo. Ezi ziquka: nomxhesho nookumkani etroneni, Extreme Unction, isaziso isimiselo sokumkani. Musa ukulibala ngokubaluleka encinane iitempile ekufundiseni abantu nokubhala.

Xa indima yalo njenge abanawo kubomi babantu Russia yamandulo, yoonongendi neetempile aba indawo apho uqeqesho yaququzelelwa, uxwebhu noovimba, iindibano zocweyo, ithala leencwadi. Kungekudala emva koko, ukususela ngenkulungwane XIX, waba ngowokuqala ukuba ivunywe yi ixesha izikolo, izikolo Insert.

umhombiso Perfect ukuze kuzuze mva

elingaphakathi isakhiwo architecture icawa Single Russia yaMandulo - isici esasenza kwexesha. ukusebenza Classic baba ukwahlulwahlulwa isibingelelo ephantsi, elikuvumela ukuba ubone nakumphezulu kwesibingelelo etempileni.

Ngamnye umnquli abangaboni kufutshane iziko lonqulo. Kubalulekile ukuba umntu Orthodox ukubona isithuba kaThixo, ekumanyaniseni yasemhlabeni neBandla wasezulwini.

Umhombiso yangaphakathi ibandla phantsi indlela kaMoses weza evela isithethe lamaByzantine. Decor eqaqambileyo kunye noyilo ukukhanya Limele umanyano wezulu nomhlaba.

Iintlafuno Russia yaMandulo wazala umsebenzi iimyuziyam, leyo wadlulisela izinto ezingcwele abangcwele, imifanekiso, izinto ezinexabiso zembali. Apha ke idluliselwe kwi ukhuseleko ngqangi yamandulo kunye namaxwebhu ebalulekileyo. Ngenxa umsebenzi ababingeleli nabakhonzi balo ibandla, imbali Russia yamandulo ingalandwa yi ngokoqobo iminyaka, kunye neziganeko ezininzi zembali ekuwavuleni ababephila njengobungqina bokuba bahlanganisana ebandleni.

Intsikelelo ukukhusela amazwe Russian

Church kunye amajoni ukuba inkonzo okanye imfazwe. Ngamanye amaxesha isizathu ukwakhiwa waba kukhunjulwa abo batyakatywe ngekrele. ezo cawa kwakhiwa kwi edabini, ibe ngumqondiso siyibulele amajoni ukuba uloyiso.

Loxolo, iicawa neetempile kwakhiwa imbeko amaxesha eninzi yabangcwele. Umzekelo, ukwenyuka kaKristu Msindisi.

Ungambekiyo engcwele - inzuzo okwangoku

Ukuze ikholwa, ibandla ebesoloko ibalulekileyo ebomini bam. Ngako oko, ukwakhiwa kuvunyelwa inkosi nabayili kuphela ukunyusa. iindawo Bazaar, iintlanganiso kunye neentlanganiso zabemi zaye zabanjwa kufuphi ibandla, njengoko kuboniswa kwimephu ye Rus Ancient.

Ulwakhiwo ayiphelelanga ngaphandle utyala imali eninzi. Ukudalwa umbingelelo kuphela into elungileyo: izinto, ilizwe. Ngenxa yokuba icawa omi phezu kwentaba, okanye, njengoko ookhokho wathi, "kwi ndawo ebomvu," oko isebenza njengendawo reference apho mapping weRashiya yamandulo, indawo icebo.

umbono womzobi

Ukwakhiwa ubuchule bokuyila kophahla ukunika sesakhiwo ilitye umthunzi izakhiwo ngamaplanga. Oku ngokukodwa kwi yimizekelo izakhiwo zetempile. Uphahla waqhubeka ukwenza gable kunye hipped.

Kwiilali ezincinane, apho amabandla zakhiwa uthobekile, wamatye lwaqhutywa yi uhlobo kwindlu a umlimi, xa isiseko waya isithsaba (imiqadi ezine). Xa zidibene, zakha isikwere okanye uxande. Isiphumo isakhiwo iqela nezidanga - isakhelo.

uyilo entsonkothileyo kakhulu, kodwa umgaqo yokwakha amabandla. isakhelo okoxande kwatshintsha isakhelo libe. Umgaqo yokudibanisa eetoni octagons yaye bafudukela eRashiya kunye nobugcisa bokwakha namatye walondoloza namhlanje.

iicawa ententeni asasazwa eRashiya ngohlobo zeeveki multi-ezinemigangatho izakhiwo. To connect apholile log ngamnye, ukuba zafakelwa kwezinye ngalunye kwenkqubo (iigalari, iiveranda).

Ukubeka i izakhiwo zecawa plinths ilitye, abakhi ibekwe phantsi siyeka imigangatho ngomhlaba angaphantsi, izisele nezingqameneyo ixesha imigudu.

Ukutshatyalaliswa kwiitempile kunye imvuselelo

Kwisiqingatha senkulungwane uluvalile uphuhliso lwezakhiwo yamandulo emva ayehlasela nangezinto. Ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo wafudukela iinkosi mkhosi mkhulu kunene, ngabapeyinti kunye abakhi kwemvaba neetempile yatshabalala.

Wasuka ezivela baseByzantium, iintlafuno yamandulo Russia ngenkulungwane ye-12 bafumana iimpawu yokuqala, nokumisela uphuhliso lwezakhiwo Russian.

Konke ufuna ukwazi ngobomi umfundi e Old eRashiya, zithiwe thaca izinto zoqeqesho beBakala 6. Russia yaMandulo - imbali koobawo bethu, ukwakheka, nangamfazwe, uloyiso karhulumente wethu, apho wonke umntu kufuneka azi Russian.