I-Himalaya. Uphi i Nepal?

I-Nepal yindawo eyaziwayo njengeyona ntaba ephakamileyo kwihlabathi. Uphi i Nepal? Ziziphi iimpawu zeNdawo ezineNdawo? Yiyiphi i dolophu eyinkunzi yelizwe? Iimpendulo zale mibuzo zifumaneka kwinqaku le nqaku.

Iimpawu zendawo

I-Nepal ifumaneka kwintsimi yeentaba eziphakamileyo kwihlabathi-i-Himalaya. Izwe lidala ngasenyakatho kunye neChina, ngokuchanekileyo, kunye neeriphablikhi yayo yokuzimela yeTibet, ngasemngceleni kukho aba-8,000, kuquka u-Everest. Leyona ndawo iphambili yehlabathi (8848 meter). Ngokubanzi, eNepal kukho i-8 yezigidi ezisibhozo, kwaye kwiplanethi kukho kuphela 14. Umda wezantsi welizwe uphathelene nombuso omkhulu-u-India. Ngaloo ndlela, iNepal kwimaphu yehlabathi ibonakala ibanjelwe kwilizwe elininzi elinabantu abaninzi.

Iziphakamiso ezintle ziyinto enye yale ndawo. Ngoko, umahluko ovela kwi-Everest ukuya kwindawo ephantsi kakhulu malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-8800. Phantse yonke intsimi yelizwe i-Himalayas, enye yesikhombisa ikhululekile ezintabeni.

Imimandla yemozulu

Lapho i-Nepal ikhona, ummandla uhlukaniswe kwiindawo ezintathu ze- climo. Iyokuqala nguTerai, oko kukuthi, iintaba ezingaphezu kwama-450 metres high. Kukho isimo sezulu eshushu eshushu. Lo mmandla usemngceleni waseNdiya kwaye uninzi kakhulu. Apha ulimo kunye nokuzaliswa kwemfuyo kuphuhliswa. Lo mmandla unikezela ukutya lonke ilizwe. Indawo yesibini yemozulu yindawo ephakamileyo, apho iimeko zemozulu esezantsi. Nantsi inkulu yombuso-Kathmandu. Ukuphakama kweentaba kufikelela kumitha engama-2000. Indawo yesithathu yiindawo eziphakamileyo, ezibandakanya isiqingatha selizwe. Umozulu apha apha uhlukile: ukusuka kwindawo epholileyo ukuya kwindawo yeqhwa. Le ndawo iyintandokazi yabaqhubi abavela kwihlabathi lonke. Oku kusetyenziswa ngabaphathi belizwe, abaqokelela imali yokufumana amanqaku aphezulu kwihlabathi.

Urhulumente e-Himalayas kunye nenkunzi yayo

Ama-70% abantu baseNepalese basebenza kwicandelo lezolimo. Le yodwa yecandelo, ngaphandle kokhenketho, oluzisa imali kwi-treasury. I-Nepal isebenza kumadlelo kunye nemimandla yokukhula kwezityalo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukuveliswa kweekhwalithi eziphezulu - i-pashmina kunye ne-cashmere yaqala ukuphuhlisa. Zithunyelwa eYurophu. Ubunzulu bomhlaba kwindawo apho iNepal ikhona khona ayinanto: akukho gesi, okanye ioli, okanye ezinye izixhobo ezicatshulwayo. Ngako oko, inxalenye yedolophini yabemi bemihla engaphantsi kwama-15%. Ukusuka kwizixeko ezikhulu kunokwenzeka ukuba unqabile inkunzi-Kathmandu, kunye nePophara, ePatan, eBiratnagar. Zonke zifumaneka kwindawo yesibini yemozulu - kunye neentaba eziphakamileyo. Isixeko saseK Kathmandu siyinkunzi yeli xesha leli lizwe. Liziko lezenkcubeko kunye lemfundo laseNepal. UPatan wahamba waya kwiphondo ukuya ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-18. Namhlanje idolophu ibizwa ngokuba nguLalitpur, oku kuthetha "isixeko sobuhle". Itholakala kufuphi neKammandu, zichazwe ngumlambo iBagati, engcwele kwiNepalese. Izixeko zaseKathmandu, iLalitpur kunye neBhaktapur zinyaniswe yi-UNESCO into enye, ikhuselwe njengeCathmandu Valley. Le yindawo eneempawu ezizodwa zembali, inkcubeko kunye nezokwakha. Iindawo eziphambili zezixeko ziye zagcina ukubonakala kweMinyaka Ephakathi: izakhiwo ezinomdla, izitalato ezincinci, iiplaza eziphakamileyo.

Tyelelo

Kwimeko encinci yeentaba kuneendawo ezininzi kunye neendawo ezingcwele. Izikhumbuzo eziphambili zezakhiwo zakhiwo ziseburhulumenteni zezixeko ezintathu ezindala zaseNepal, ezixoxwa ngasentla. Ummandla wesixeko ngasinye ubizwa ngeDurbar. Kwinqununu, le ndawo yinkimbinkimbi yezakhiwo zembali, iindonga, amaHindu kunye namaBuddha ethempelini enxalenye yedolophu.

Emaphethelweni aseK Kathmandu ngenye yezinto ezinzulu zakwaBuddha - iSwayambhunath. Le ndawo yintempile, ephakathi kwayo iStrypa Swayambhunath ephakamileyo. Ijikelezwe ngamatyeyibhile aseTibet kunye nesikolo. Ngaphakathi kwinkimbinkimbi kukho ezininzi iinkwenkwe ezondliwa ngabakhenkethi nabakhenkethi. Kungekude nenkunzi enkulu yiBuddhist edumileyo kwihlabathi iTtupa Bodnath. Esi sakhiwo sifaka emithathu imimandla ngendlela yesiphambano, i-stupa ngesimo se-hemisphere, inqaba. Isakhiwo sibonisa zonke izinto ezine.

Enye yeempile zamandulo zaseNepal yiPashupatinath eK Kathmandu, kumacala omabini aseBagmati. Ityathwa njengetempile enkulu yeNkosi uShiva ehlabathini. Ngenxa yoko, ezininzi izikhumbuzo zembali zikarhulumente namaziko enkolo.

Lwabantu

Izwe laseNepal kwimaphu ye-ethnoses kunye nabantu behlabathi ligxininiswe phakathi kwamazwe amabini anabantu abaninzi: iNdiya neChina. Abantu abayizigidi ezingama-31 bahlala eNepal. Ubuncwane bobuhlanga bunobuncwane. Phantse isiqingatha sabemi baseNepalese. Ikwabelwa ngamaqela eentlanga ezifana noBakhuna noKhehetri. Abameli abaninzi abane-nevari, iMagar, iTharu nabanye. Ulwimi olusemthethweni yiNepali.

Inkolo ekhokelayo yeNepal yiHindu - malunga ne-80% yabemi. Abaninzi bathi ubuBuddha. Kukho amaziko angamaNgqina amaHindu namaBuddhist kweli lizwe.

ZoKhenketho

Icandelo elibalulekileyo lezokhenketho kwindawo apho iNepal itholakala khona. Unyaka ngamnye ukukhuphuka kuza emhlabeni wonke ukuba anqobe ubuncinane ubuncinane kwii-8 000. Kukho ezisibhozo zazo. U-Annapurna ngowona mncinane kunama-Nepali anesibhozo samawaka. Wayeyithatyathwa ngowama-1950 ngabahlawuli beentaba zaseFransi. Ubhekwa njengenye yezona zimpawu eziyingozi kakhulu kwihlabathi.

Eyaziwayo kakhulu eNepal ihamba ngeentaba eziphakamileyo. Babizwa ngokuba yi-trekking. Zininzi iipaki zelizwe zenziwe kwilizwe. Ngoko, umzila osondele kufuphi no-Annapurna, kwindawo egcinwe kuyo, uyona ethandwa kakhulu. Amaphulo ahlelwe phantsi kweNtaba ye-Everest.

Uhambo malunga ne-Himalaya kwi-paraglider okanye kwibhaluni iyaqhelekileyo. Abafaki bebhayisikili banqobile iintaba kwiibhayisikili zabo. I-Nepal inikezela iindwendwe zayo ngeendlela ezininzi zokuzonwabisa nezenkcubeko.