I-North-West Russia: Uqoqosho kunye neJografi

Ukusuka kwindawo yokulawula, umntla-ntshonalanga yeRashiya uhambelana neSithili saseMntla-seNtshona. Ezinye zeemimandla ezibandakanya ukubunjwa kwazo zide zide zembali kunye nezenkcubeko. Kodwa imbambano ephambili ekudibaniseni imimandla kwimihlaba yezoqoqosho yindawo yawo.

Imephu yezoqoqosho enyakatho-ntshona yeRashiya

Ngomlinganiselo wezoqoqosho, yonke imimandla eyenza isithili inezohlukeneyo zophuhliso kunye nokudibanisa kwiimarike zehlabathi kunye neRashiya. Nantsi kuyimfuneko ukubiza zonke iziqendu ezilishumi elinanye zibandakanyiwe kwisithili sesithili:

• Sithili seArkhangelsk;
• Ummandla waseVologda;
• Kaliningrad;
• IRiphabhlikhi yeKarelia;
• IRiphabhliki yeKomi;
• Ummandla weLeningrad;
• Ummandla waseMurmansk;
• ISithili seNenet Autonomous District;
• Sithili seNovogorod;
• Ummandla weSpkov;
• ESt. Petersburg.

Ngokomzekelo, phakathi kwemimandla enokufikelela kwi-Arctic Ocean, eyona nto iphuhlisiwe ngummandla waseMurmansk kunye nezolimo zezolimo, ukuloba kunye nomzi omkhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni ongaphandle kwe-Arctic Circle. Uninzi lwabahlali baseMurmansk baninzi baxhomekeke kwimisebenzi yesango.

I-Murmansk yiyona kuphela ichweba elingabonakaliyo elibizwa ngokuba yiNyakatho yeNdlela, okwenza ukuba kubaluleke kakhulu kubomninimzi baseRashiya kuphela, kodwa nakwi-yorhwebo yamazwe ngamazwe. Ngokweemeko zokufudumala kwehlabathi, iqhwa le-Arctic Ocean libuyele, kwaye oku kwandisa amathuba okuthutha impahla esuka e-Asia ukuya eYurophu.

Njengoko kuchaziwe ngasentla, iNtshona Yurophu entshonalanga yeRashiya inezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lophuhliso loqoqosho. I-Arkhangelsk Oblast kunye neKomi, naphezu kobutyebi babo obungokwemvelo, bakha kakhulu ummelwane wabo ngokubhekiselele kuphuhliso kunye nokuphila okusemgangathweni.

Phakathi kwezoqoqosho, kukholelwa ngokubanzi ukuba ukubuyela emuva kwezi mimandla kubangelwa kwiziseko zophuhliso ezingathuthukiyo, ukuphuhliswa kwazo okuya kwenza kube lula ukuqinisana phakathi kwemimandla. Kulindelwe ukuba ukwandiswa kwenethiwekhi yomzila we-Komi kuza kunika ithuba lokuphuhlisa iifomiti ezizityebi ze-titanium kunye ne-aluminium, ii-metals ezixabisekileyo kunye neadayimane.

Ulwandle Olumhlophe - intliziyo yaseNtshonalanga yaseRashiya

Ukususela ngexesha lokuphuhliswa kwabahlali bokuqala lala mazwe, umntla-ntshona-ntshona waseRashiya wasungulwa malunga noLwandle oluMhlophe, okwakusisigxina esikhulu sothutho ukuya kwindawo esenyakatho kunabemi baseVeliky Novgorod. Ngexesha leSoviet, iindlela ezibalulekileyo zokuhamba ngeenqanawa zadlula elwandle, ezanikeza unxibelelwano phakathi kwemimandla yaseMurmansk neArkhangelsk, kunye no-Karelia. Namhlanje ezi zidibaniso ziphulwa, inkonzo ye-ferry ayifuni nje kuphela, kodwa iphinda ingaphumeleli imihla ngemihla.

E-Karelia ngenye yezona zibalulekileyo ezibalulekileyo zokuthutha kweLwandle oluMhlophe-isixeko saseBelomorsk, esenziwe ngokuhlanganiswa kweedolophu ezili-10 zokuloba ngo-1933. Esi sixeko simi kwindawo yokungena kwiCanal-Baltic Canal, kunye nokwakhiwa kwayo imbali yeso sixeko. Ukususela eBelomorsk ngesikebhe unako ukuya kwiiSolovetsky Islands, apho emva kokutshatyalaliswa kweendwendwe zaseMgulag zaqala ukuvuselela.

I-Kaliningrad idolophu ephesheya kwezilwandle

Ukubalula izixeko ezisenyakatho-ntshonalanga yeRashiya, umntu akanakukwazi ukuthetha ngeKaliningrad, eneendawo ezikhethekileyo ezihambelana nendawo yayo. Ummandla waseKaliningrad uhlukaniswe kwingxenye yaseYurophu yaseRashiya ngamazwe aseBaltic kunye nemida ePoland entshonalanga. Emva kokuwa kweSoviet Union, uqoqosho lwommandla luhlanganiswe ngokugqithiseleyo nokuthunyelwa kwempahla ebalulekileyo kunye neempahla ezivela kumazwe angomakhelwane. Nangona kunjalo, eli lungiselelo, kunye neebhonasi zezoqoqosho ezibonakalayo, zidale iingxaki ezinxulumene nokuhamba kwintsimi ye-EU.

Inkunzi enkulu enyakatho-ntshona

Imephu yasenyakatho-ntshona yeRashiya ayinakwenzeka ngaphandle kwesixeko esikhulu kunye neyona ndawo ebalulekileyo yenkcubeko, ezoqoqosho kunye nezothutho. ISt. Petersburg ineemeko ezikhethekileyo zedolophu yexabiso lemfundo kwaye ngexesha elifanayo lenza imisebenzi yesikhungo solawulo sithili. KuseSt. Petersburg yindawo yokuhlala yomongameli welizwe.

I-North-West yaseRashiya ithathwa njengenye yeyona ndawo iphambili kwezoqoqosho-mimandla yelizwe. Umgangatho ophezulu wokuphila, umgangatho wemfundo kunye namathuba enkcubeko wenza ukuba kukhangele ukufudukela kwezinye iindawo.