Multi-axhobileyo uthixo Shiva. Imbali Lord Shiva

E India, nangoku iziqu Shiva. UThixo ongunaphakade, engumqondiso ekuqaleni yonke into. inkolo yakhe ithathwa ukuba ezindala emhlabeni. Ngoko ke umgaqo eyindoda ingqalelo sesixando, eme ndawonye ongunaphakade, nemazi - eziphathekayo esebenzayo.

Kweli nqaku siza sihlolisise kunye nomfanekiso yobuntu yamandulo. Abaninzi wabona umfanekiso wakhe. Kodwa bambalwa abantu inkcubeko yaseNtshona uyazazi iinkcukacha yobomi bakhe.

idatha yomlando

Abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba ibali yothixo Shiva buqala impucuko Harappan. Yeyona inkcubeko kwamaNdiya amandulo owayehlala kumazwe North India. Baye indawo Aryans abafika wesithathu kwiwaka BC kwi-Indus River valley. Namhlanje Uqhekekile umzi lowo efikelela kuyo kummandla Pakistan.

Siyazi ke Pashupati itywina ezinye Lingams (malunga intsingiselo eli gama kamva) kwexesha. Bona ezafunyanwa e Monhedzho-Daro kunye Harappa.

Ngenxa ukufika Aryans kukusekwa yicawa entsha. Le nkqubo iyathelekiswa kokutyala ubuKristu kuzo iintlanga kwi AD ngenkulungwane yokuqala. Ngoku kukho umfanekiso omtsha, nto leyo zidibana Shiva - uthixo Rudra, kukho ukuvutha yaye ukhohlakele umxhasi storm, imfazwe nentshabalalo.

Ngaba imbali ukuphinda ngokwayo onelungelo kwipropati? izithixo Good yobuhedeni, ngathi yesiGrike Pan kunye satyrs ke nemimoya engcolileyo ekukhanyeni kunye nonqulo olutsha. Bendlela wayecinga ukuba akukho enesono ukubulala "ukunqula lingam."

Kule Vedas, Shiva eyafakwa Rig Veda, Yajur Veda kunye Atharva Veda. Xa iyonke, igama Rudra uye kophindo abangaphezu kwamakhulu amahlanu.

Noko ke, kukho abaxhasi izithethe yakudala, leyo wajoyina iqela ngobunzima Brahmanical. Intsingiselo yokuphila ukunqula bonke oothixo, ukuba wena kuba abazange bafumane amabhaso, nkqu nokuzalwa elilandelayo? Ngapha koko, kwi Vedas kuthiwa kuphela Terms bafumane usindiso.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuba kwezinye zehlelo umkhwa omtsha (Shraman) enye iimpawu eziphambili kwisiko kwakujongwa, yaba lukakayi wabulala Brahmin.

In Upaniṣad omnye (izimvo Veda) yi-bulumko kakhulu ebanzi ngendlela isiqulatho Shivaism. Lo mbhalo iqulathe ikhulu lishumi mibhalo ebizwa "Svetasvatara".

umfanekiso

Njengoko achazwe Shiva? UThixo uphila yamandulo waba ekwimo lingam kunye tripundra (ngemivumbo ezintathu zezonka ezimhlophe nkqo). Olu phawu lubonisa kwiintolongo ezintathu umphefumlo womntu okanye Huns amathathu, besenza ihlabathi amaMaya.

Kamva baqala esimelela Shiva uhleli kwindawo kwemitholo okanye ukudanisa.
Kwimeko yokuqala waba eluswini libunile kwaba intamo blue neengalo ezine. UThixo ngokuqhelekileyo ihlala kwindawo indawo Lotus kwi eluswini tiger, kwaye isikhumba waphoswa phezu kwamagxa indlovu okanye ihlosi. Ihlale isebunzi kuye wayivula iliso wesithathu. Ngaphezu koko, xa lo yinyoka. Yena idluliselwe phezu egxalabeni layo, ilenga entanyeni okanye ngohlobo izacholo ezingalweni kunye nemilenze yakhe. Shiva uye amacici ezimbini ezahlukeneyo. Kwenye indlebe inkunzi nemazi yesibini.

Ukhetho lwesibili - Shiva esina. Nritya-murti (oqingqiweyo) kunokuba inani eyahlukileyo izandla ukuba axhobileyo okanye uxolo, kodwa usoloko phantsi kweenyawo zabo dancing uthixo woyisiwe, nenomlanga. Le idemon Apasmar-Purush, engumqondiso ihlabathi nolulahlekisayo esiphila kuwo.

iimpawu

Njengabanye oothixo abaninzi oothixo Hindu, Shiva iye iimpawu ezininzi. Ojikelezayo ezweni lonke, uya kubona imifanekiso ezahlukeneyo oothixo. Ukuze siqonde ngcono le nenkcubeko yase-Indiya, ulingana ujongo encinane ibe nemifuziselo yayo.

Shiva has a lot of izixhobo - Adzhagava (ingakumbi itswele), Bhindipala (ngentshuntshe), uGadi (intonga), Khadga (ikrele), Khatvanga (a club kunye yokakayi), Khetaka (ibhodi) kunye nabanye abaninzi.

Enye phawu ebalulekileyo Ababhali weNkosi Shiva - Trishul. Libonakalisa izigaba ezithathu yendaleko, le gunas ezintathu, ixesha ubuso abathathu kunye nezinye izinto.

Kukho inani lezinto lokuhlambulula. Chillum (special umbhobho), Shankha (iqokobhe), mudra (indawo izandla), Kaumudi (ijagi umpe yokungafi), ebile (isitya ngokohlobo yokakayi), Amadamara (igubu, engumqondiso ukungcangcazela wokuqala iphela, ukusuka apho kwenzeka) akshamala (amaso ezizodwa).

Kwakhona Shiva lineqela energy: Agni (fire), Ganga (kumlambo ezulwini, wehlisa) kunye Shakti (power). Kwaye ezinye izilwanyana: Naga (inyoka) isikhumba indlovu kunye ingwe, Nandini (inkunzi abamhlophe) Krishnamriga (DoE) kunye Ankushev (elephant ngoviko).

Ngenxa yoko, siyabona ukuba Shiva unezixhobo neempawu kwimimandla yolwazi ezinjongo ukuphakamisa umntu ihlabathi lethu ukuya kweliphezulu.

usapho

Indian uthixo Shiva ekuqaleni utshatile SATI okanye Shakti, intombi ka Daksha. Kodwa kukho banentsomi yokuba le ntombazana azenzileyo self-bazibulala ngenxa yokukwatela kayise.

Kodwa emva kokuba ngokutsha a wenyama entsha. Ngoku igama lakhe ngu ಪಾಸ್ಫ್ರೇಸ್ amazwi (Mountain Girl) kunye noyise - malayas entabeni kuluhlu. Oku kakhulu sichazwa umfazi uthixo Shiva.

Bona oonyana ababini - Ganesha (elephant-headed uthixo ubulumko) kunye scandium (uthixo okulwa, ngubani na iintloko ezintandathu iingalo kunye nemilenze ezilishumi elinambini), kwakunye nentombi Manasi.

amagama

Ngokwesithethe elisentshona the Indian uthixo Shiva eyaziwa kuphela elo gama. Noko ke, amaHindu wazi ngaphezu kwewaka amagama, i walithiywa unkulunkulu.

Phakathi kwazo kukho "eyoyikekayo 'yaye' Mhle," "iingangamsha" yaye "Ragamuffin", "uKumkani lingam," "Lowo weyisayo ukufa," "Nkosi zezidalwa" kunye nabanye abaninzi.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kwaye kakuhle yaziwa 108 kubo. Bona awasiwisayo ngokohlobo ukuthandaza nokukhunga yenzelwe ukucoca iingcinga, kwakunye negalelo ukuphakama kwayo.

Imisebenzi, amasiko, nangamaxesha

Multi-axhobileyo uthixo Shiva i sithixo e Saivism. Yena wayesoyikwa imfundiso yokuzivelela wendalo iphela - ukuzalwa, ukukhula nokufa. Kwakhona wayekholelwa ukuba uya kutshabalalisa ihlabathi langoku ekupheleni mahayugi ukuba endaweni yayo kwakhiwa entsha.

Uyabakhusela inyanga wanika abantu mantra Om nesiSanskrit. Ukongeza, Shiva usoloko sikhatshwe enesihlwele esinzima iidemon nemimoya.

Amasiko ezimbini eziphambili enxulumene nale thixo, ekuthiwa Panchabrahma mantra kunye Rudra sukta. Bona kuqhutyelwa ngeholide ebonakalayo yonyaka, elingcwele Shiva. Shivaratri ibhiyozelwa ekupheleni kukaFebruwari kunye busuku kumtshato Shiva kunye ಪಾಸ್ಫ್ರೇಸ್ amazwi.

Eyona tempile idumileyo

I Baijnath Idolophu kwinkulungwane yokuqala weshumi, lwakwakhiwa itempile Lord Shiva. Wabizela kuye omnye amagama akhe - Vaidyanatha (abakhusela amaxhwele).

Xa le ndawo ingcwele uthixo, kodwa abathengisi bendawo wagqiba ekubeni immortalize amagama abo, ukwakha isakhiwo emangalisayo. Amagama abarhwebi - Ahuk kunye PCEA.

Namhlanje, le dolophu itempile a umdla kubakhenkethi enkulu. It is eyakhelwe Izithethe kakhulu iidipozithi (North Indian isikolo bokwakha). Esi sakhiwo singqongwe ngodonga kwaye naseminyango ezimbini.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, multi-abaxhobileyo Shiva uthixo ngaphakathi etempileni iboniswa kuphela kwifom lingam. Ngaphezu koko, loo nto ithathwa Swayambhu ( "self-saphakama"). Nakhelwe phezu kweendonga BAS-imikrolo kukho oothixo abaninzi, iidemon, kunye nabanye abalinganiswa oothixo yamaHindu.

Phambi nomnyango oqingqiweyo Nandi, inkunzi emhlophe. Lo isilwanyana ngomnye ndlela ixhaphakileyo yokuthutha Shiva. Libonakalisa dharma esulungekileyo nokunyaniseka, ukuzinikela kunye nesibindi.

Namhlanje Vaidyanath itempile utsala izigidi zeerandi izihlwele zabanquli kunye nabakhenkethi.

njengomfuziselo kathixo

Sele ekhankanywe amaxesha amaninzi elithi "lingam". It is ezinxulumene naye Shiva. UThixo wabiza nje le nto. Yintoni na?

Lingam gama nesiSanskriti elithetha "umqondiso, uphawu". Kuyinto zezindlu kunye Umfanekiso setyhula, ubuncinane phezulu hemispherical. Abaphengululi abaninzi uthambekele ekuboneni njengento njengomfuziselo umphambili nkqo. AmaHindu bamandulo babekholelwa lingam abstract indlela ngokwaselukholweni.

echaza ngokufuthi ngokwayo, yaye imazi yegusha kunye ngesangqa okanye isikwere, emele "Yoni" (yelungu lobufazi, esizalweni). Namhlanje kucingwa ukuba izifundo ezibini ukukhankanywa kakhulu ubunye inkunzi nemazi. indoda yamaHindu kuphela ayiguquki kwaye static, nemazi okwethutyana, iguquguqukayo eziphathekayo.

Abanye abaphengululi ukubona kwase of stambha lingam, isithuba ekhethekileyo yemibingelelo. Ukuze wambopha iinkomo ukuba zikulungele ukuba zixhelwe.

Kukho sisithethe okhethekileyo, nto leyo ibandakanya ukuhlamba le lingam, mantras kunye neminikelo wombingelelo iziqhamo, iintyatyambo, isiqhumiso, kunye namanye amanqaku ezivunyiweyo.

Umtshato Shiva and ಪಾಸ್ಫ್ರೇಸ್ amazwi

Kukho legend, apho umfazi wokuqala yothixo Shiva Shakti abulawe. Oku kungenxa kwaliwa kuyise wayo.

Legend uthi oku. Xa wabuyela waphezulu kunye asramas omnye. Shiva ehlathini baqubuda commoner. Nomkakhe wothusa ukuziphatha kwakhe. Ke uThixo wachaza ukuba lo ngokutsha ka Vishnu. Shakti, uwuqwalasele phandle, kuthatha uhlobo Sita, umfazi a commoner, kwaye iya kuye. Rama uyakuqonda uthixokazi yakhe.

Ukubona indlela entsha Shakti, Shiva iyayekwa ukuqonda wakhe, ukuba abe ngumfazi; ngokuba ebakhumbuza kuye unina wakhe. Intombazana ikhathazekile yaye benza ngaso linye.

Kanye ngeli xesha uyise Shakti uqala ukuba anelise, kodwa ukumema umfana ngenxa ngasolinye Shiva. Ugqiba ukuya khona ngokwam. Kodwa Daksha uyemka kuye. Nentlungu Shakti ihambele ndawo kwaye abulawe.

Evutha ngumsindo, Shiva uthatha umzimba wakhe aze aqalise ukwenza umdaniso yakhe yentshabalalo. Ukuba akukho iyakuvingca uVishnu, wayeza kuba sitshabalalisa yonke.

Emva elilela uthixo iba wayengazibandezi kwi malayas, kunye Shakti azalwe umfanekiso ಪಾಸ್ಫ್ರೇಸ್ amazwi, intombi yothixo yentaba. Ekugqibeleni, intombazana ilawula ukweyisela Shiva, kwaye sele betshatile.

UbuHindu, le holide kuthiwa Shivaratri, kwaye ibhiyozelwa nyaka ngamnye.

NguThixo woothixo yena

Njengoko sele sibonile, xa umntu, esithetha ngayo kweli nqaku, amagama amaninzi. Phakathi kwabo uthixo woothixo, Mahadeva Shiva. I ezimbini zokuqala ngoDisemba 2011, wakhethwa njengoko igama thotho umabonwakude. uthotho yakhe yokudutyulwa India namhlanje.

Licebo ugqaliselo zisekelwe kwiintsomi, amabali nezicatshulwa ze maculo. Iziganeko eziphambili zithathwa Puranas. Ukongeza, kule script operation ukubhala ziye zasetyenziswa Devdatt Pattanaik eyaziwa Indian neentsomi kunye nezifundo zonqulo.

Le manqaku sele iguqulelwe eziliqela iilwimi emazantsi eIndiya. Namhlanje, yathathwa ngaphezu kwesinye anamashumi neziqephu mahlanu. Umculo esibhaliweyo kubo abazalwana Bavra.

«Devon ke Dev ... Mahadev» eyaziwa eRashiya. fans nenkcubeko Indian kufumana manqaku TV kunye nezihlokwana.

Ngoko ke, namhlanje, kuthethwa enye izithixo zindala kwimbali. iimpawu Wafunda, amagama, kunye nezinye iinkcukacha ezinomdla Shiva.

luck Good, zihlobo zam! Iindawo ezinika umdla ngaphezulu!