Epaulettes le generalissimo. Elikwisikhundla esiphezulu emkhosini. Military uluhlu I. V. Stalina

Ngenkulungwane XX kwimbali yethu Stalin kuphela epaulets of generalissimo. Kwethenda kwesihloko "wabuza" kubasebenzi yomnye izityalo emva uloyiso yiSoviet phezu eJamani ngowe-1945. Kakade ke, lo 'application "le sabasebenzi bafunda bonke abemi Union.

Bambalwa khumbula, kodwa Stalin wawongwa ephezulu isikhundla umkhosi ubukhosi tsarist. Yaba zaguquka lokugqibela iingqiqo iiBolsheviks, kuba ngaphambi kokuba ideology usaziwa zonke iinzame ukuqhubeka ngezizukulwana. Stalin waqonda ukuba kule yure nzima lizwe kunye ukuqhubeka ngokwesithethe umoya noloyiso kangaka kuthiywa ndawonye of ubukhosi Russian kufuneka ukugcina lizwe. iirholithi bangena - uphawu ezikhethekileyo "wabasiki komlawuli," imo igosa, apho kwafuneka gadalala kuphela intsingiselo yalo, ezinye iincwadi ezintsha.

Ezi zokulungisa ilixa nzima ukuba ilizwe ukuhlanganisa yonke imikhosi saa imfazwe yamakhaya. AmaJamani wayesazi ukuba yokuswela amandla eSoviet Union - umsantsa sizukulwana. Ayisebenzisa kakuhle ngokuqesha ithathele ezininzi Red Army. Stalin wayeyiqonda le kunye nokusingqongileyo emkhosini.

Kubaluleke kakhulu kweli lizwe kule minyaka ekuphumeni Ukumisela ukuqhubeka ngezizukulwana. Ukuxambulisana ngezi ziganeko, sikhumbula kangakanani ukuba Generalissimo imbali yethu. Kwaye kwakhona, ndithi kuni ezinye iinyani ezinika umdla malunga Stalin enxulumene nale isihloko.

Generalissimo kwimbali yehlabathi

Igama elithi "Generalissimo" uza kuthi evela kwisiLatini. Eguqulelwe lithetha "ibalulekileyo." Le elifomatiweyo eliphezulu ukuba elikhe ebiqaliswe umkhosi naliphi na ilizwe. Umfaniswano le generalissimo wanikela nje ubume emkhosini, kodwa yamakhaya, ezopolitiko. Eli gama kunikwa kuphela ngabantu abakhethekileyo ngokwenene.

Le donedavna isihloko wayenxibe Chan Kayshi (ingasentla), owayelutshaba Chinese ngamaKomanisi. Kodwa namhlanje akukho ihlabathi esebenzayo Generalissimo. Missing isihloko kunye kwinkqubo yethu emkhosini. Lo wokugqibela emhlabeni lowo ezinegunya omkhulu onjalo, waba Kim Chen Ir - inkokeli North Korea, ngubani na kokufa kwakhe kuphela imbasa naye ngo-2011. Kuba asingabo North Korea abantu nje, nguThixo, uphawu lwesizwe. Kweli lizwe, kuba le khalenda ezinxulumene ngqo kule ngumpolitiki. Akuthandeki ukuba DPRK ukumzisa abonakale nabani na ongomnye onjalo erenkini.

Imbali uyazi generalissimos kancinane. E France, iminyaka 400, amatsha zokuhlola ezimbini kuphela zanikwa le isihloko. ERashiya, ukubala nabo iminyaka emakhulu mathathu yokugqibela, kufuneka iminwe ngokwaneleyo ngesandla esinye.

Ngubani generalissimo yokuqala? Inguqulelo yokuqala "ngqwayi funny"

Eyokuqala, ngubani wawongwa le ahlohla kwimbali belizwe, baba abahlobo Petra Velikogo - Ivan Buturlin kunye Fedor Romodanovsky. Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela unganika inkwenkwe nganye idlala eyadini kunye nabahlobo. Ngowe-1864, iminyaka elishumi uPetros wabanika isihloko 'imikhosi Generalissimo kuhlekwe "ngexesha lomdlalo. Bema intloko elisandul 'ukusekwa regiments "kuhlekwe" ezimbini. kwakungekho imidlalo kunye nezihloko kanye ngelo xesha.

Version ezimbini: Aleksey Shein

Ngokusesikweni, amagosa aphezulu zodidi "ngqwayi kuhlekwe" azizange ixhaswa imigaqo ebhaliweyo nemiyalelo. Ngako oko, njengokuba ephambili Olwa ngenxa indima yokuqala generalissimo mbali umnxeba irhuluneli Alekseya Sheina. Ngexesha iphulo Azov wayalela Kumbi kunye bake webutho. Peter adunyiswe ulawulo olululo, namaqhinga okulwa banekhono Shein, kuba apho bawongwa wakhe Juni 28, 1696 eli zesigaba esiphezulu.

Version ezintathu: Michael Cherkasky

Peter Ndandithanda ukunika "nangegxalaba inkosi yakhe" amabhaso karhulumente ophezulu kunye nezihloko. Ngokufuthi ukuba izigqibo ingalawuleki kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ukukungxamela ezihlambela ikhondo yesiqhelo kunye ubhalo izinto. Ngoko ke, oko lixesha uPetros Ndafika ke generalissimo yokuqala State Russian.

Enye yezi, njengako mbali nguqulo inkosi Michael Cherkasky. Waye owayephethe imicimbi yolawulo, yayithandwa eluntwini. Kwi imali, ababelakhe wempi ukuya iphulo Azov.

Peter I adunyiswe ngegalelo lakhe lizwe. Akazange ahlale ngaphandle ingqalelo kunye nezinye kangako, kodwa izinto, luncedo kuluntu. Ngokuba yonke le nto, uPetros bawongwa Boyar Cherkassy iphezulu bezikhundla emkhosini. Ngokutsho uqikelelo mbali, kwaba ngoDisemba 14, 1695, t. E., iinyanga ezintandathu ngaphambi kokuba Shein.

isihloko obulalayo

Kwixesha elizayo, abo enxibe epaulets of generalissimo, akukho luck. Kuye makubekho amagama amathathu: Prince Menshikov, Duke Anton Ulrih of Brunswick kunye uAleksandr Vasilevich Suvorov, ogama izihloko kunye bebephethe akukho isihloko olulodwa.

Prince Menshikov, a oqotho kunye sizana uPeter Omkhulu, wayephathiswe nale isihloko minor Peter II. Lo mlawuli oselula kwafuneka ukuba atshate intombi yenkulu, kodwa oliqhophololo ebhotwe othulula kali kwelinye icala. Fair ukuba bathi kuPetros bafana babengenalo ixesha ukutshata. Ngomzuzu wokugqibela, wabulawa yingqakaqha, emva koko Prince Menshikov Ndixuthwe zonke izihloko kunye amabhaso kuthunyelwa nemfuyo yabo e Berezniki, kude kwikomkhulu.

Umnini yesibini abakuluhlu liphezulu emkhosini - indoda uAnny Leopoldovny, Duke Anton Ulrih of Brunswick. Noko ke, yena kubo ixesha elide. Emva konyaka naye Ndixuthwe isihloko emva ngokubhukuqwa isibini etroneni.

Le wesithathu, ngubani wawongwa zesigaba esiphezulu ubukhosi, waba A. V. Suvorov. uloyiso bakhe sodumo kulo lonke ihlabathi. Le tayitile akakaze abe kwamathandabuzo. Kodwa ke Ingozi ukuba wachitha Generalissimo ubuncinane iinyanga ezintandathu, waza ke wafa.

Suvorov emva uBukhosi Russian le isihloko zange uwufumane. Ngaloo ndlela, kuyenzeka ukuba ukubala malini ukuba Generalissimo imbali Russian eSoviet Union. Malunga Isihloko Stalin intetho kamva.

Endaweni lifaka - kwizikhundla

Emva kokuba revolution, kwiBolsheviks isimo sengqondo esibi ukuba naziphi na izikhumbuzi umbuso tsarist. Ingqiqo "igosa" lo gama emdaka. Njengoko umthetho, ukuba inaso esi status, abazange bakwazi kwamanye amazwe kwexesha, wawa phantsi xanisiwa ka ngabasemagunyeni. Yaphela lokudubula rhoqo.

Endaweni izihloko kweli lizwe kukho inkqubo yezithuba. Umzekelo, i-Chapayev yodumo umphathi hlula, t. E. Icandelo ngqwayi. A isibheno ngokusesikweni kwindawo efanayo - ". UQabane Divisional Commander" Yena yayigqalwa elikwisikhundla esiphezulu eliphethe kwindawo. A zomthetho isibheno kuye - "uQabane Marshal," okanye igama: "Iqabane zhukov," "uQabane Stalin," njalo njalo Oko kukuthi kwisihloko Stalin, yayiphuma kuThixo imfazwe leyo nje, Marshal kunye Generalissimo abazange ...

Kuyaphawuleka ukuba zvaniyae jikelele kunye gosa wafika kamva, kuphela ngo-1940.

inkqubo yoku-odola

Ngemihla enzima imfazwe, inkokheli eSoviet baya kubuyiselo kakhulu yasemkhosini kwinkqubo emkhosini. izithuba amakhulu kutshitshiswa. E kwindawo bakukhutshelwa "basebukhosini 'zomkhosi imihombiso kunye izihloko, kunye nomkhosi ngokwalo asinguye" red umsebenzi-Sasungulwa "and" Soviet ", savelisa iwonga status amagosa.

Abantu abaninzi, ingakumbi abaqolileyo kunye abadala kakubi baqonda le inguquko. Banakho ukuqonda: igosa yayikukuba nelithi "umcinezeli", "impiriyali", "nesabasilaleleyo", njl Ngokubanzi, Noko ke, le utshintsho eyomelezile salo bomkhosi, wenze epheleleyo inkqubo yolawulo enengqondo ...

Zonke kubunkokheli wamajoni lizwe kunye Stalin wazibona mathupha ukuba la manyathelo aya kunceda ukufezekisa uloyiso, isakhiwo iimeko kunye lwemigangatho. Abaninzi abantu bacinga ukuba ngeli xesha eliphezulu elikwinqanaba generalissimo Kwaqaliswa. Nangona kunjalo, oku elahlekisayo. Stalin kuyo emfazweni, kwada uloyiso yaba umncedisi.

Umvuzo ngokuphumelela

Ngoko ke, de 1945 elikwinqanaba eliphezulu Marshal eSoviet Union. Ku kuphela emva uloyiso, Juni 26, 1945, iye yaziswa isihloko Generalissimo eSoviet Union. Ngosuku olulandelayo, ngokusekelwe kwi 'isicelo' abasebenzi, lanikwa Stalin.

Kusungulo kwisihloko esahlukileyo Iosifa Vissarionovicha sathetha ixesha elide, kodwa inkokeli rhoqo izitshitshisile zonke ezi zindululo. Kwaba kuphela emva kwemfazwe, ukuthobela isicelo sobabalo Rokossovskogo wavuma. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba phambi kokuphela imihla yakhe, Stalin wayenxibe umfaniswano Marshal, nangona unxaxho kancinane imimiselo. Ukusebenza "uQabane Stalin" kwakujongwa yaphula ngummiselo, njengoko kunjalo nje isibheno umncedisi, kodwa inkokeli ngokwakhe akazange engqondweni. "UQabane Generalissimo" Kufanele sisebenzise emva June 1945 kuye.

Emva kokuba iziphakamiso Stalin yaba ukunika isikhundla liphezulu nezinye iinkokheli ezimbini eSoviet Union - Khrushchev kunye Brezhnev, kodwa loo nto ayizange yenzeke. Emva 1993, le isihloko waye engafakwanga kuluhlu entsha umkhosi Russian Federation.

epaulettes le generalissimo

Development yesinxibo ezintsha isihloko waqala ngoko nangoko emva bokunikeza oko Stalin. Lo msebenzi wenza inkonzo Ezomva Red Army. Kangangexesha elide, zonke izinto zafakwa phantsi "imfihlelo", yaye kuphela ngo-1996, idatha wakhululwa.

Xa ekudaleni ifomu iiyunifom bazama ukuba uthathe ingqalelo umncedisi oyintloko ngoku isebe, kodwa ukuba udale into ekhethekileyo, ngokungafaniyo nayiphi na enye. Emva kokuba zonke epaulettes umsebenzi efanayo generalissimo ngayo yayifana Bala Suvorov. Mhlawumbi ababhekisi baye bazama ukukholisa Stalin, owaba ubuthathaka ngenxa nesimbo iyunifomu yoBukhosi baseRashiya kunye epaulettes, amaqhina, kunye nezinye iimpawu.

Stalin Kamva bathi ngaphezulu nakanye ukuba akwanqaba imvume ukuba ayabele lelona liphezulu erenkini. Akazange nakanye kwambatha uhlobo entsha Generalissimo, yaye lonke uphuhliso ziya kuwa phantsi kwe "eMelika." Stalin waqhubeka ukunxiba imilo wabakhweli - ingubo emhlophe stand-up inekhola okanye sika gray eyandulela - Ilibazisekile ikhola neepokotho ezine.

isizathu iintlobo ezintsha kunokwenzeka of ukulahlwa

Noko ke, yintoni na isizathu apho Stalin wala ukuba banxibe iyunifomu? Kukholelwa ukuba inkokeli yaba eziliqela izakhiwo ngenkangeleko zabo, wacinga kwifom ephantsi, mhle indoda endala ezinhle uya kukhangela etyeni, etyeni.

Kungenxa yale uguqulelo, njengokuba abanye bekholelwa, Stalin wala ukuya buvele kuluhlu Ukoyisa kwaye atyikitye isenzo emuva eJamani. Noko ke, le mbono kuphela. Ngoko yayisiso na okanye hayi, thina, inzala, unako ndicinga kuphela.