Yintoni imephu yaye yintoni na ukuba?

Eli nqaku ibalisa ukuba ikhadi le, kuba yintoni na, ukuba iintlobo amakhadi kukho ingakumbi malunga imephu Russia kunye nehlabathi.

Amaxesha amandulo

kuphuhliso ngokubanzi amazwekazi kunye nokuvulwa imihlaba emitsha yaqala kumaXesha Aphakathi, kwaqhubeka de kwasekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XX. Last "wanikezela" kubantu Antarctica, nto leyo eye yaba wengcwaba eziliqela abaphandi. Kodwa kuphuhliso navigation nezokuhamba ngokubanzi, ngokuthe ngcembe kukho imfuneko engxamisekileyo iimaphu. Ngapha koko, umhlaba omtsha okanye indlela onqamlezwe owakhe wathi abalandeli. Ikhadi eyokuqala ukuya iimbono ilingane kwaye udandalaziso. Ngenxa kuphuhliso ezibuthathaka izixhobo zokuqhuba inqanawa yaye ngenxa yoko, ukuchaneka ophantsi iimephu kunye abacwangcisi zabo, okuncedisana lokugqibela ukhuphiswano uhombiso. Kodwa, yona, kweli xesha lethu cartography ndafikelela nasekudeni, ingakumbi ngokusesikweni nezijikeleza amawaka-Hewana. Ngoko ke yintoni imaphu? Yintoni na yaye yintoni efunekayo? Sazi ngale nto, baya kuqonda.

definition

Ngokutsho isichazi-magama, imephu geographical - lo mfanekiso ngaphantsi komhlaba kunye nokulungelelanisa igridi, ukuthobela enkulu isalamane kwawo kunye isicelo yeesimboli.

Ukuba sithatha oku inkcazelo jikelele, imephu ingabizwa ngokubanzi, umfanekiso besu ngaphantsi komhlaba kwenye iplanethi, umzimba yasezulwini okanye isithuba xa iyonke, apho zonke izinto omnye okanye enye inkqubo yeesimboli. Yintoni na imephu siyayiqonda, kodwa yintoni na ukuba?

Impendulo ilula kakhulu - ukukhokela. Ukufumana emhlabeni kwezinye izinto ezithile okanye uluhlu wenze kwa into enye kwimaphu, uyakwazi ukukhomba indawo yakho. Enyanisweni, ngaphandle amakhadi namhlanje akunakwenzeka ngokupheleleyo ukwenza, ayithethi ukunceda nkqu ngabuninzi ngemiqondiso, koko ke, kungekhona kuyo yonke indawo.

Amakhadi esetyenziswa yi abakhenkethi kunye zokuma, nabathetheli iinqanawa, zombini zomkhosi kunye nabaqhubi zokunxiba, emva konke, kwisixeko esikhulu ngaphandle isikhokelo akwanelanga, njengoko ezitratweni intertwining nga ukulahleka nabani. Ngoku siyazi ukuba ikhadi. Kodwa yintoni iintlobo zazo?

iintlobo

Wokuqala kwaye isisiseko - is eengingqi. Ibonisa ngokuchanileyo kucacile kumazwekazi, wadibana yonke nomndilili isikali ethile ezilungiswe izinto zendalo - umlambo, ulwandle, intaba, amachibi, amahlathi, njl Kodwa aba niyoyisakala rhoqo, ngakumbi kule khosi ye-jikelele zejografi, nayo leyo kumakishwa iindlela, izixeko kunye nezinye iindawo zokuhlala.

Uhlobo lwesibini - imephu weendawo. Bona anikelwe into ezimeleyo - le park emvelo, ehlathini okanye ukunyuka intaba. Kule iintlobo ekunokuthiwa yezentlalo-ezopolitiko. Injongo yabo - ku ngokuthembekileyo kuphela ukubonisa ndawo, kunye nokubonisa omnye okanye kwenye imo - iimephu ithi, ubutyebi babo zendalo, inkqubo yezopolitiko okanye inani labemi.

Map of Russia

Ummandla lizwe ubekwa kwindawo yokuqala ehlabathini ndawo mhlaba. Neemephu ke enkulu kakhulu, yaye onke esikalini. Oku kuquka iintlobo zeentaba zendalo kunye zemozulu. Ukutyhubela iinkulungwane ezidlulileyo ngayo ngokuphindaphindiweyo zatshintsha ngenxa iimfazwe kunye neenkqubo zopolitiko, kwaye imephu yesikali inkulu iye yamiselwa eSoviet Union. Kakade ke, kuquka ezo ndawo okwangoku bengengabo eRashiya, kodwa kufanelekile ukuba yokuqhelaniswa nezifundo.

Nemephu yehlabathi

umfanekiso sokugqibela epheleleyo lonke inokufumaneka kuphela emva kokuvulwa onke amazwekazi. Kodwa ixesha elide, oko kuthi yongezwe kunye nezinto ezintsha, ezifana iziqithi. Ngoku wonke umntu simazi kwimephu yehlabathi, yaye akuyomfuneko ukuba sijonge ukuba sabheka - iyafumaneka kubo bonke abasebenzisi Internet imifanekiso satellite ezikumgangatho ophezulu.

Ngoko ke siyazi ukuba ikhadi noko idinga.