Chwetheza Coelenterates: abameli. Ezona mpawu ziphambili noshowo abameli coelenterates

Namhlanje kwesi Iqela lezilwanyana, njengoko coelenterates. Abameli, iimpawu zezakhiwo, isondlo, ukuveliswa kunye nentshukumo yezi zilwanyana - konke oku uya kufunda ngokufunda nqaku. Efana anemones elwandle iintyatyambo, ukwakha rocks enkulu phantsi nekorale amanzi nengafihliyo umbellate jellyfish ziphakathi abemi abaninzi enomtsalane yolwandle. Enoba zahlukile enye kwenye, ezi zilwanyana, bonke - coelenterates. Abameli beli qela baninzi. Kukho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwe-9000 of eziphilayo zasemanzini awayengabemi amanzi ikakhulu nzulu.

Yintoni esihlanganisa coelenterates

Isici ikuvumela ukuba zingathumeli nekorale, jellyfish kunye coelenterates emanzini hydra to - kuba phambi wokugaya ngokubanzi (esiswini) kwisisu embindini umzimba. la malungu omzimba izilwanyana ukhandwa maleko concentric amaqela iseli eyenza ancedisana zamandulo apho iiseli zisebenza uyahambelana njengoko amalungu lonke, kunokuba elements elizimeleyo ezisebenzisanayo iseli, njengoko iqatshelwe iziponji. Coelenterates - abameli ehlabathini yezilwanyana, ngubani kuqala yayokufika kwizinga loo mbutho kwi leri yendaleko, yaye zonke zifana kulwakhiwo kunye nendawo kwithishyu.

Amathanga kunye nezinto eziphilayo zodwa

anemones Sea, anemones yolwandle okanye - isilwanyana abangatshatanga kunye nezityalo ezifana Obelia (ingasentla) buyeyona thanga abantu amakhulu aliqela, polyp. Kwimeko apho polyp zahlukile enye kwenye, bethetha ngamathanga polymorphic. Ezinye coelenterates zaselwandle bobukoloniyali - abameli umdla kuthi uhlobo apho kukho polyp ngamnye ukutya, ukhuseleko kunye ukuzala, kwaye maxa wambi ukuze kunikwe kwakhona.

Ngoko ke, ngokufutshane siya ukuchaza ezi zilwanyana. Ngoku ukuba ingcamango abathile kubo, sicebisa ukuba siqwalasele iimpawu eziphambili abameli uhlobo Coelenterata isakhiwo.

Isakhiwo coelenterates

Mouth, singqongwe Mpondwana phehla zithwele iiseli abuhlungu, ivula ngqo kwi ndawo ibinomthwebeba yokwetyisa. Udonga umzimba ukwahlula umaleko engaphandle, okanye ectoderm, kude ukusuka yangaphakathi (endodermal) umaleko gelatinous - mesoglea. Ngaba zizalana ngokuthi yavelisa amagqabi okanye ngokwesondo abameli coelenterates. Kunye imizekelo yeendlela thina nangoku akhoyo xa bethetha ngakumbi malunga zizalele. Sperm maqanda eqalisiweyo inkunzi nakwii esini ababhinqileyo.

Abameli eklasini Coelenterata nematotsity. Kuyinto isixhobo lokubetheka kunye zokhuselo kwezi zilwanyana. Abanye babo eyaziswa ixhoba ezikhubazayo ityhefu, abanye cell ukuba into incangathi, abanye ziphose ekuthetheni vulu. Kwenye Ekupheleni iseli iinwele enovakalelo, wenza njengoko asibambe. Ukuba bemchukumisa isilwanyana ngomkhombe ezidlulileyo kuye, Namagatya nematotsit. indlela beqhumisa akucacanga ngokupheleleyo, kodwa kukholelwa ukuba lu dityanisiwe ukwanda elibukhali uxinzelelo fluid kwi philisi. nematotsit ngalinye beqhumisa kanye kuphela, koko elahliweyo.

isigaba yophuhliso

Umjikelo yophuhliso coelenterates ezininzi ungabona izigaba ezibini ngokucacileyo ezahlukeneyo: benkululeko (medusoid) linyathelo uhambisa kunye inyathelo lokunithumelela ingxelo wahlala kunye nokukhula. Oku kuthetha ukuba ezinye iintlobo ngabemi zombini maleko ezantsi, nezinyuko olwandle. Kodwa ke esilawulwa mhlawumbi omnye okanye elinye iqonga, ezichaza iintlobo ngeentlobo qela forms coelenterates.

E Obelia, umz, inyathelo medusoid ithatha ixesha elingephi, elandelwa obude-ungenzi nto, kwaye umjikelo okufana uphuhliso coelenterates group Hydrozoa. Emva kokuba ukuvuthwa, Obelia thanga Uyila iindlela ezithile polyp, ekuthi kwezo nto kuphume jellyfish. Eklasini Scyphozoa izinto zitshintshile: apha alawule Isigaba medusoid. Iklasi wesithathu coelenterates - Anthozoa, ebandakanya neekorale anemones ulwandle (ingasentla), iqhotyoshelwe onke nqanaba lenkosikazi medusoid. Kuzo zonke ezi amaqela, amaqanda kunye isidoda esivela gonads bawe ibekwe ngqo kumacandelo athile endodermal olunga- phakathi kwisisu esiswini uze ngomlomo ziya izikhulu.

Ukususela amaqanda ivundiswe zikhule zibe kwindawo, leyo luhlala ukuya ezantsi uguqulwe umntu omtsha. Kodwa kukho iintlobo, ingakumbi phakathi Hydrozoa, i umnyinyiva. Ngokomzekelo, amalungu sodidi Hydra (omnye wabo onokuyibona efotweni ngasentla) akanayo isigaba medusoid kunye nendlela abaphila ngayo embhoxo anemones, ngaphandle kokuba ubudoda babo kunye namaqanda ukuphuhlisa ngaphandle, kunokuba ngaphakathi liqhubu. Kwaye apho, phezu koko, ezo iintlobo apho kwindawana isigaba medusoid, kunye nenqanaba le liqhubu nokuba licuthwe ndivuma okanye azikho kwaukubakho.

agamobium

Xa kuthelekiswa ezahlukeneyo entsonkothileyo ngokwesondo ukuzala, maqanda ezi zinto ziphilayo kubonakala inkqubo elula kakhulu. Umzekelo, ummeli coelenterates izilwanyana, ezifana Hydra, ukwakha abantu abatsha ukuba ityatyambile ukusuka fom umzali. Le nkqubo eboniswe kwifoto ngezantsi.

Kodwa anemones mbaxa nje kwisiqingatha. andise maqanda nako kunokubangela nokusekwa amathanga ukusuka polyp ngamnye odityanisiweyo kwisisu iyonke esiswini.

Ukukwazi lokuyivelisa kuthetha asexually cnidarian, koko, ukuba kulula kakhulu ukuba ukuntshula. Eneneni, nkqu intwana encinane isilwanyana libe umntu omtsha ngubani na okwaziyo ngokupheleleyo ukuzala ngokwesondo.

coelenterates Power

Uninzi coelenterates zesondlo kunceda Mpondwana ezingqonge emlonyeni. igcwele ngesisa kunye iiseli abuhlungu (nematotsitami), ezi Mpondwana kuchaphazela imveliso uliqinise. Ukuzibandakanya omnye komnye, esinabantu kugubungela ukutya ukutyhala kwindawo kwisisu esiswini. Emva koko, lo umlomo ivaliwe kunye neeseli endoderm cell kulo kwisisu esiswini enzyme. enzyme gesi anamathele, okanye ukuyivala ngendlela iimveliso ulwelo kufakwe lula, okanye oluludaka amasuntswana amancinci aokusetyenziswa kwikhompyutha iiseli endoderm. iintsalela ukutya Undigested asuswe ukucuthwa emzimbeni zivulekile ngomlomo.

Nako ukuqhubela

Zonke coelenterates ukuhamba, nangona le nkqubo ukuze kuqingqelwa ukuba babhale perturbation le nemisipha, kunye notshintsho ukumila. coelenterates Movement enziwa imicu kwezihlunu. Bona apha ectoderm kwaye kwi endoderm. Ngaphezulu, isiseko actinium kunikwa kaninzi kunye kwimicu kwezihlunu, ukuvumela ezi zilwanyana ukuba sihambise ngawo emhlabeni. Kubonakala ngathi ukuba sehla kuyo. Hydra unako yokuhamba ngale ndlela, kodwa ihamba ngokukhawuleza nangeendleko uhlobo "shiti". Nkqu coelenterates intshukumo elula ufuna ulungelelaniso ethile. Le ntsebenziswano lwenziwa womnatha ehlasela ngayo iiseli zemithambo-luvo wajula inyama yezilwanyana ngokwenjenjalo kusekwe inkqubo abangekaphuhli luvo.

Ngoko ke, siya ukuchaza ngokufutshane uhlobo Coelenterates. Abameli kuyo njengoko ubona, zahlukile kakhulu ngeendlela ezininzi, nto leyo eli qela eziphilayo kakhulu umdla.