Boris Feoktistovich Safonov, ukulwa pilot eSoviet: engobomi, amabhaso, memory

Boris Feoktistovich Safonov - yeyona idumileyo eSoviet Union a pilot mbono. Ekuqaleni kwemfazwe (1941-1942 biennium). Wenza mshini ngokwenene yokulwa koxolo. Akumangalisi Safonov - okokuqala kabini Hero of Soviet Union, yenze iimina kwaba zesigaba esiphezulu ukwenziwa kwemisebenzi ye umyalelo.

Yaba indoda ngokungaqhelekanga. Oku kuhlanganiswa ngokugqibeleleyo ndifane a Ukuphendula ukulwa, ububele kunye nezakhono ezibalaseleyo lombutho. Boris Feoktistovich Safonov waba neentloni nokuthozama indalo. Akazange ilale yokoyisa kwakhe, esebenzisa amabinzana kuphela ezifana 'siye ndiwuthobile "," thina, iphaphazela. " Ukongezelela, abaninzi kubo zitshatyalaliswe moya utshaba Safonov kufakwa kwi-akhawunti namaqabane akhe, njengoko ezi uloyiso babe asikokuphela ngokwalo ngaye.

biography

KwiPhondo Tula, lo Siniavino lali - indawo apho isixeko wazalelwa 08/26/1915 Boris Safonov. Uyise nonina amaqhawe ikusasa abalimi abaqhelekileyo.

Emva kokuphumelela honors ukusuka kule minyaka esikolweni esixhenxe, Boris ababhaliswe esikolweni (school of uqeqesho mveliso). Esi sikolo siqeqesha iingcali abayaziyo ishishini kaloliwe. Kwesi sikolo, a guy zahlangana iYoung Communist League.

Boris Safonov, engobomi elinyana ingqalelo eqhelekileyo ngenxa yobudala bakhe, mhlawumbi kuba railwayman. Noko ke, Leninsky Komsomol, apho ke, wavakalisa nokwabela wakhe moya. Kwaye ngoko amawaka abantu abafana namabhinqa angena esibhakabhakeni. Phakathi kwabo kwakukho Boris Feoktistovich Safonov. Waba lilungu kwisangqa, ezaziqhutyelwe esikolweni Osoviahima, kamva waba Tula endiza club. Kulapha pilot elizayo yasemkhosini Safonov wathenga umgangatho kuyimfuneko kakhulu ukuba umqhubi. Le ukuzithemba kunye nokuzithemba, ingqeqesho nokunyamezela.

Okulandelayo, umfana ngempumelelo axilongwe waza waba pilot ngogesi kwindawo yenkwenkwezi ebhabhayo club ka Tula. Yena uye ngenkuthalo ngobhalo yoqeqesho komhlaba. Kwanangaphambi kokuba ulale, sele ebhedini, Boris iingcinga phezu kwinkumbulo yakhe zonke iinkcukacha kwideshbhodi, nto leyo ifumaneka e-moya phambi umqhubi. Ngoko yamilisela ulwazi lwabo azuzwe eklasini. Okulandelayo baba moya solo apho Safonov wabonisa italente yakhe ebalaseleyo.

Tula kwiphondo - indawo apho wazalwa, wakhula waza wafunda umnini elizayo komyalelo, oko kwayekwa Agasti 1933 Oku kwenzeka emva kokugqitywa ngempumelelo a guy club iphaphazela xa Boris bejonge myalelo ngo Kacha. Apha ukuqeqesha abaqhubi emkhosini.

ISifundo esikolweni Kachin

Ngexesha nokuhlala kweli ziko Boris Safonov safunda ngenyameko imisebenzi ezakudala ka Marxism-noLenin. Eli nyathelo lokuqala kumalungiselelo ngokujoyina Communist Party.

Xa izifundo zakhe esikolweni eKachin kwi Ndandineminyaka eyishumi elinethoba, Safonov waba pilot mbono. Ngelo xesha yena ubonisa izakhono olukhulu adubula emoyeni, xa okulinga kunye nolwazi umbandela, ofanelwe zonke ezi nkalo awona manqaku aphezulu. Le baqinisekiswa abhalwe kule minyaka, abahlohli waphawula ukuba Safonov abe impendulo ekhawulezileyo, ngokukhawuleza-uyiZisa kwaye namasu emoyeni, ukongeza, ziphawulwe ngokuthi isidanga yalo ngokufanelekileyo eliphezulu linge.

District Military Belarusian

NgoDisemba 1934, Boris Safonov wathunyelwa ukuze afeze inkonzo yakhe indawo yokwaluka. Baba kwisithili zomkhosi Belarussian, ingakumbi bakhe 40 Aviation Brigade. Ngelo xesha, iSoviet Air Force iinqwelomoya ezintsha aye athathwa. Baba I-15 yaye mna-16 yaye mna-153. Boris ngolangazelelo wayefunda oomatshini abatsha, anyamalale iiyure elayibrari. Sele ehlotyeni yokuqala 1936, wabonakala phezu iinqwelomoya Soviet Army ziye zahlolwa kakuhle Safonov. Umlweli pilot nokuba liphuhlise indlela yakhe yokulwa, neyathi yabonakala kamva ngokwayo yakhiwe kule minyaka imfazwe.

Ngowe-1937, Boris Safonov waba Feoktistovich yamkela ilungu umgqatswa le-Communist Party. Kwangaxeshanye, naye uba kunobhala Komsomol mbutho.

Ngowe-1938 edala elinesihlanu Aviation webutho. Boris Safonov waba ukuba isekela nomyali Komsomol.

NgoDisemba 1939, kunomathotholo wakhalisa ingxelo yokuqala zemfazwe, elaqala ngo kumda eSoviet Union kunye eFinland. pilot Military Safonov nangoko bafaka ingxelo echaza umnqweno wayo ukuba babhalisele butho fighter, yiya ngasentla. Nceda Borisa Feoktistovicha wanelisekile.

umfundisi umsebenzi

Kulo North, Boris waba nomdla kwimbali Aviation yomkhosi wamanzi, nto leyo wagqiba umsebenzi wakhe emva koko. Ukongeza, airmanship Safonov, kumququzeleli we italente kunye nokukwazi ukufundisa iye ziye zaphawulwa. Okokuqala uLieutenant wamiselwa alimwi a butho yoqeqesho. Ukuba i pilot obalaseleyo umlweli zaselwandle, Safonov waba utitshala engqongqo kunye nomonde. Yena wayelungiselela afikayo kuzo zonke iingozi ezinokubangwa, kunye nabo babeza kudibana kwidabi ngokwenene.

kwakuqala

Imfazwe kunye lwamaNazi eJamani, Boris Safonov - a pilot mbono - yaqala-moya I-16. 22.06.1941 Kakade, wenza ukulwa umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala kwi intlanzi lizwe. Kunye ne V. Volovnikovym ke bahlasela bomber yena-111. pilot Fire eSoviet balwa logama nje musa Uphelelwe emthethweni. Noko ke, wakhukhumaliswa moya waseJamani nangoku engena ngamafu.

kokuqala

Kwiintsuku ezimbini emva kokuqalisa imfazwe amaNazi Safonov Yaphaphazela yeza I-16 bakhe ukuba ganga ngoku kwesimo German Ju-87. Emva jaha elide moya utshaba ehlaselwa. Ekuqaleni, Safonov owabulawa iintolo kunye imoto eyaphukileyo. Emva ukuba ilinge eSoviet usebenzisa umgca elide kunqunyulwa moya ngumsila wena. Lo matshini utshaba yeyela bay Zelentsy apho namaqhekeza ayo bakhethwa up yi iphenyane wenyuka. Lo moya lowo wokuqala, babeka esibhakabhakeni ngasentla.

Uloyiso yesibini Safonov 06/27/1941 isixeko wawa emhlabeni neyenu ndawonye nabanye HS-126 moya German, apho infantrymen kamva eSoviet ebizwa ngokuba "besengxakini."

Ngexesha Ekuqaleni kwemfazwe kwakukho amadabi umoya gqolo phezu kwelizwe Kola. AmaJamani bafuna ukusebenzisa ngomhla polar xa ilanga emini kunye nobusuku emi phezu ikhoyo. moya Lutshaba zib iiyunithi enkulu, wenza kuhlaselwa iinqanawa Soviet Navy. Inani abalwa yethu encinane, kwaye ke ngoko abaqhubi yaselwandle kwafuneka ukuba benze ngemini 6-7 nokuhlasela. Nge ohlangana ngalinye moya utshaba Boris Safonov kwaphucuka maqhinga, ukhokela melee. Ngelo xesha yena wafunda onke amathuba yeemoto yaseJamani, yokulwela kumazwe zethu wasentla.

Uluhlu umoya Safonov uloyiso kakhulu banzi kwiinyanga ezimbini ezizayo. Yaba ngeli xesha amaJamani bathathwa behlasela eziphakamileyo kwizibuko osemantla Murmansk kunye zokuchopha Soviet.

Ukususela ngoJulayi 7, "ezisithoba" Mna-16, intloko leyo Safonov, wazigquma isiseko zaselwandle ezibandayo. Ngeli xesha esibhakabhakeni phezu ndawo elimgcinayo kwabo kwakukho iqela moya German Ju-87, nto leyo wayehamba abalwi lutshaba Me-109. I wangena dogfight. iinqwelomoya German bahlaselwa yabaqhubi yiSoviet lidubule phantsi moya utshaba ezisixhenxe. "Ezisithoba" wethu iye yabuyela isiseko kwi ngamandla alo.

Sabele esinye isihloko

Sele July 10, 1941, Boris Safonov waba yinduna. Ukongeza umsebenzi abakuluhlu elandelayo pilot okhaliphileyo wamiselwa umthetheli-Aviation butho of mlilo. lijoni wanikwa imoto entsha I-16 uhlobo 17, nto leyo yaba namba 28213-95. fuselage Its Safonov wabhala "Ukufa ku Fascism!".

Boris Feoktistovich walungisa ngocoselelo yonke ukulwa zasemoyeni. Yena buqu iliso moya yakho, ixesha ngalinye ngokubakho xa ugcwalisa iimbumbulu, kwakunye bazingenele kweqokobhe, nto leyo ezele tape. Ikhutshwe lakhe I-16 Safonov wenza nokuhlasela 109, apho wadubula phantsi 17 utshaba mlilo kunye ekuhlaseleni. Kule lonke ixesha nempi yakhe izihlandlo emotweni ezithathu, wabeka Iimoto ezintsha. Namhlanje, lo moya yenye avuleke ye iLeningrad Naval Museum.

July 14, 1941 Safonov wawongwa IMbasa Red Banner. Kubanjwe ngaloo mini dogfight yongezwe kuluhlu zoloyiso zakhe phantsi ekuhlaseleni ezimbini utshaba. Julayi 27 zibulawa ngaphezulu emanzini-ekuhlaseleni amabini amaJamani, yaye ngoAgasti 8 - Me-109 ukulwa. Ekupheleni kwemfazwe yokuqala kwehlobo kuluhlu Safonov ngokobuqu ndandisela ndiza koomatshini utshaba ezilishumi.

yokulwa ekwindla

impi yayo apogee kwi North ngo Septemba 1941 Eli lixesha xa amaJamani ziye kuthathwa amanyathelo izigqibo ukwaphula ukuziphendulela imikhosi Soviet. Ngenxa yoko, baye bathunyelwa moya yabo North evela onke amanqanaba. izithuthi wotshaba njalo kwi phambili yethu, ukuzibandakanya edabini kunye nabalwi Soviet.

Ngexesha ekulweni, Boris Safonov yayisetyenziswa njengendawo iindlela zokhuselo kunye neendlela silwe, ngokoqobo utshaba esikhawulezileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha alingisa isiphithiphithi, kwaye xa umqhubi waseJamani iye babhiyoza ngemincili uloyiso, ngesiquphe yehla yaya wahlala ngumsila kotshaba sidimazekile.

Kuyo nayiphi na ingcinezelo Safonov wazibalula sokusebenzisana kunye noncedo nokuxabisana. Nguwo lowo ulawulo iphambili ye-ACE eSoviet. Zingawucongi ubomi bakhe, yena umqhubi waba ezikhawulezayo uncedo akanye. Ngoko, kwelinye nokulwa njengoko Lieutenant junior Maximovich yena bahlaselwa Ju-88 ekuhlaseleni. Ngenxa yeempembelelo ukulwa, akazange qaphela ukuba ivela emva Me-109. Safonov nangoko bagaleleka ukumhlangula umntu comrade, nangona ngalo eli xesha abeluxunile yonke iimbumbulu yakhe. I pilot German othuke ukuhlasela ngumsindo washiya edabini.

Inkalipho nesibindi bawongwa Borisa Safonova umyalelo. September 16, 1941 zokulinga okhaliphileyo wawongwa kwisihloko Hero eSoviet Union. Ngexesha xa kokuba sekukhutshwe umthetho, ngenxa Safonov wayesele uluhlu onomtsalane loyiso emoyeni.

zokucwangcisa, siqu

Ngaloo mihla yasekwindla 1941 Safonov yatshatyalaliswa yi-ACE odumileyo waseJamani. "Messer" Ngulo, lowo baboniswa inja fuselage ebomvu ephethe ngamenyo umlweli Chervonozorianyi, kaninzi kubonwa ngexesha kuhlaselo kwi webutho. Utshaba igcinwe ngekratshi, kodwa wakuphepha empini. Safonov waphupha ukuhlangana kunye zwilakhe, kwaye kanye ityala kuye. pilot eSoviet nesibindi zamiselwa umlo elutshabeni, ngubani ngobuchule wanyula kwindawo entle ngaye ngokwenza aerobatics ezintsonkothileyo. Noko ke, emva kokuba isibini ngomsila kwimizuzu "Messer" Safonov waqalisa "Intambanane 'yakhe emva awasukela elifutshane wenza Ungqabhuko ezimbalwa kakuhle ngenjongo. imoto utshaba wambamba umlilo nelitye yawa phantsi. I pilot German imoto evuthayo kwaye zisangena yi iparashute ngqo kwi indawo gunners zethu. Kuthinjwa amajoni Soviet utshaba namnye ngaphandle odumileyo Willie Frengerom. Ngenxa ye-ACE waseJamani onamava baba nokuhlasela ezilithoba mathathu anesithandathu moya shot phantsi phezu IsiNgesi Channel, awusebenzeleyo wawongwa umyalelo yomkhosi wakhe Iron Cross ezimbini.

ukuqeshwa ezintsha

October 24, 1941 Safonov wafumana isindululo lokufumba abaqhubi kakuhle kwi 78th Fighter Aviation webutho, aze aliqhube. Boris Feoktistovich wafumana isabelo esitsha. Le kwezikhali webutho entsha yayibandakanya ezingamashumi amabini anesixhenxe, "Hurricanes" - iimoto abadlulayo pilot yiSoviet Air Force British. Le ndlela wayengekho entsha yaye inkoliso yabo zifuna ukulungiswa. Ukongeza, lo moya waseBritani kwagqitywa ekubeni rearm. Xa liphulo Safonov babeka imipu umatshini enzima ezine, ezimbini apho indawo ngokukhawuleza yi umpu. Thile emva, iinqwelomoya phantsi koomatshini zafakelwa izixhobo lokuqhuba imijukujelwa.

Njengokuba umphathi we 78th Aviation webutho, Boris Safonov wabonisa izakhono ezinkulu kwesebe, kunye nokukwazi ukufundisa nokuqeqesha abangaphantsi. Kuba ezi mpumelelo yena wawongwa isihloko lomnye - Major.

Boris Safonov waqhubeka ukwenza yokulwa imishini, wadubula phantsi ngokwandisa koomatshini babo utshaba. NgoDisemba 22, 1941 yena wawongwa yesibini IMbasa oluBomvu Banner, nangoJanuwari 22, 1942 - owesithathu.

Umthetheli-78th webutho of Aviation Safonov yaba ixesha elifutshane. Matshi 20, 1942 yafakwa kwi intloko 2 Guards. Kule nesibindi air pilot webutho, waqalisa imfazwe. Safonov waqhubeka ukongeza kuluhlu uloyiso zabo yokulwa. Ngeli xesha, ingubo yakhe uvele iimbasa ezimbini ngaphezulu. Nguwo lowo Gold Star of Hero kunye nebhaso British - i-Order "Di-Ef-Si".

Le mpi yokugcina

Isihloko the 2nd Guards webutho, Guards Colonel Safonov elininzi ixesha kunye nomgudu wamnika zobunkokeli. Malunga nalo hlobo, waba ngaphantsi, kodwa phantse zonke ukulwa ukugcina uluhlu gingxi uloyiso bakhe.

Ngowe-1942 wasimisela usukelo elitsha ibutho lakhe. Ukongeza kwizibuko Murmansk yoKhuselo abaqhubi kwakufanele lelokugada Allied convoys zomkhosi kummandla Northern Fleet. Kulo msebenzi, wafa olulingwayo odumileyo eSoviet. sortie lwakhe lokugqibela wenza May 30, 1942, liphuma emoyeni yokugubungela en eya Murmansk namahlakani wonogada.

Safonov waye abacula phambili koomatshini Soviet. Noko ke, omnye wabo ngenxa ukwahluleka injini wabuya. pilot ezintathu Soviet wangena balwa ekuhlaseleni utshaba ezintandathu, bemke, baye utshaba kuhlaselwa olukhawulezileyo. Xa ukudideka eye yavela ngethuba ukulwa, iyunithi yawa ngaphandle. Okuninzi Boris Safonov akazange abone.

Indawo Ukufa pilot nesibindi kuLwandle Barents ingafunyanwa kwi mephu. Yinto 69 degrees imizuzwana 51 ngama ngasentla kunye degrees 64 nobude imizuzwana 42 ngasempumalanga. Wabulawa ngo lidabi olungalinganiyo kunye amaNazi, edubula phantsi moya ezimbini. Air Force walahlekelwa ace lweenqwelo yomkhosi wamanzi, ngenxa yayo, ngoMeyi 1942 kwakukho oomatshini babeka utshaba 25.

Yintoni unobangela ukufa Boris Safonov? Impendulo yalo mbuzo lisekhona. Ngokutsho kuguqulelo mnye, yena akakwazanga ukumelana ukuhlaselwa ngesiquphe kwenye "Junkers" nangapha - wawa ngenxa yokusilela injini. Le yokugqibela yezi nokucingela ezimbini kakhulu.

memory

Ukugqwesa Military Borisa Feoktistovicha Safonova ngamazwi kuphela moya lwabo utshaba ababeke. ESoviet umphathi lenze igalelo elikhulu kuphuhliso Aviation phaya kuMntla Fleet. Phantsi kobunkokheli bakhe, okubalulekileyo amava ulupwa yafumana inqwaba labaqhubi abathi kamva wafumana isihloko Hero eSoviet Union.

Igama pilot Severomorsk nganto namhlanje. Monument Borisu Safonovu ifakiwe kwi Severomorsk, Murmansk kunye Plavsk. Kukho umhlola hero kwilali kufuphi Vologda Fedotovo indawo apho ikampu yasemkhosini.

Igama pilot okhaliphileyo ogama kwilali mmandla Safonovo Murmansk. Kule lali Air Force Museum wavula Northern Fleet, phambi yayo idilikile Avenue of Heroes. Apha, kwengeniso kunye nabaqhubi amahlanu anesithathu Northern Fleet, ngubani zanikwa kwisihloko Hero eSoviet Union, phakathi apho kukho umhlola B. F. Safonovu.