Bone Ethmoid: isakhiwo (ifoto)

Yaba lukakayi yinto efunekayo intloko elimele. Kuyinto ubuso ekwanti (visceral) kunye nobuchopho ehlukanisiwe. Kule yokugqibela kukho umngxuma. Kuyinto ubuchopho.

Overview

Front skeleton yobuso abantu zimelwe ziqwempu ngokuma zamabanga tube yokwetyisa. Kwakhona iqulethe ePalatine, lacrimal, ukuthetha kwam ngeempumlo, izinto zygomatic nezembe kunye ithambo ethmoid (Anatomy of ingxenye kuya kuxoxwa emva koku). Kufuneka wathi ubuxoki yokugqibela kwinxalenye kwisebe. I-Cerebral inxalenye Parietal ekwanti, ngokungqalileyo, tapered, lo Occipital, izinto nezenyama. Kukho kwakhona yinxalenye ithambo ethmoid. Kweli sebe isiseko ekwanti kunye nophahla (iseti), yaba lukakayi. Ubuchopho inxenye ngaphambili yokakayi sele fixedly idityaniswe, ngaphandle emhlathini asezantsi. Oku ngokucacileyo indlela eguquguqukayo esebenzisa entlanganweni amathambo itempile.

isebe ubuchopho

Njengenxalenye iseti yangoku amathambo tyaba. Ezi ziquka isikali zexeshana kunye namacandelo ngokungqalileyo kunye Parietal Occipital kunye. plates bone Flat kwenziwa into compact (ngaphakathi nangaphandle), edulusele phakathi amathambo nomsi- (diploe). izinto uphahla ephindeneyo kwenziwa beentanda. Xa Amaza - i asezantsi omnye - ikhoyo magnum foramen. Idibanisa Faka sisiya emjelweni spinal. Kwakhona, imingxuma aba bakhoyo apha luvo kunye imithambo yegazi. Njengoko isiseko amathambo ecaleni ezivelileyo iziqalelo iphiramidi zexeshana. Bona ziqulathe iinxalenye amalungu eseleyo nokuva. amacala akhethekileyo awodwa yangaphakathi kwaye olungaphandle isiseko ukakayi. Eyokuqala yahlulwe bakhulise, umbindi kunye ngaphambili umngxuma central. Bona ibekwe iindawo ezahlukeneyo zobuchopho. Kumbindi kubhaliwe ibekwe kwi ephippium emhadini phakathi. Kuyo kukho ingqondo yebhinqa. Kwicala elingaphandle isiseko ukuya emacaleni condyles Occipital axoke imingxuma emibini. Bona inxaxheba ekubunjweni entlanganweni Occipital.

ofisi phambi

Kwemihlathi yangasentla imelwe ithambo ngezibini. Ngaphakathi oko ke sinus maxillary. Ukutyhubela ziqwempu ezichaphazelekayo akhiwa lweHo- ngeempumlo, neziseko iliso, inkalakahla nzima. Kwicala indawo nephiko-iPalatine fossa. It enxibelelana ngomlomo, kwisisu ngeempumlo, kunye cranial, amehlo kwisiseko. Kweli umphezulu ofanayo nalo langoku infratemporal kunye fossa zexeshana. Front In nakumarhanana maxillary evulekileyo, nangokungqalileyo kunye nesinqumka izinto kunye neeseli ethmoid. Ekwenziweni kwemihlathi ephantsi ngeendleko amalungu temporo-mandibular. Okulandelayo cinga oko okuthathwa ithambo ethmoid.

Nokwakheka, indawo

Le element imfutshane kwahlula nemingxuma cranial nakumarhanana. ithambo Ethmoid, iifoto lucaciswa kule nqaku, oko unpaired. Ingxenye ngokumila ekufutshane cubic. Isiqalelo kwakhona sibonisa isakhiwo yobusi. Oku kungenxa yokuba igama. Ifunyanwa phakathi kwicandelo nesinqumka (ngasemva) wethambo ngokungqalileyo yaye kwemihlathi yangasentla (ngezantsi). Isiqalelo akunika ngapha umgca ophakathi. ithambo Ethmoid ekhoyo kwindawo phambi kwesiseko ikhadi yobuchopho kwaye indima ephambili. It inxaxheba kukwenziwa empumlweni neliso neziseko. Xa icandelo plate ekhoyo. Ukusuka icala ibekwe ukuphuma kwakhe. aba bahamba phezu nkqo amalungiselelo kumphezulu Orbital ngaphandle (ekunene kwaye ekhohlo).

imbasa Ethmoid wethambo ethmoid

Le element - inxalenye eliphezulu ingxenye. Le ibekwe efestileni ngokusika kwi ithambo ngokungqalileyo. I plate libandakanyeka ukuyilwa kwento ezantsi kwi fossa sobuKristu cranial. Umphezulu iyonke element kuhlala imingxuma. Imbonakalo kufana ngesihlungulo, apho, enyanisweni, igama layo. Ngokusebenzisa ezi zivula kulala kwisisu cranial luvo ukuqgiba (isibini Cranial kuqala). Osembindini ka kwipleyiti kukho cockscomb. Kweli cala uya phambi umhlehlo ngezibini - iphiko. La malungu kunye ithambo ngokungqalileyo, enqamleza phambili, delimit umngxuma eyimfama. Ngendlela lokuqhubekeka xitsunga kuphuma kumphezulu nkqo. Kuye i imilo ezitenxileyo pentagonal. It sibhekiswe downwardly malunga lweHo- ngeempumlo. Kule plate zone, elele nkqo, inxaxheba ekubunjweni kwindawo hlulo eliphezulu.

ekulo

Le Ukwakheka pair. It iqulathe sinus ethmoid (nemingxuma anomoya leyo ukunxibelelana phakathi bona kunye nabaya kwindawo impumlo). Ilungelo egqibela phezulu imeyizi kubonakala ngathi imisiwe. Ukwakheka kumphezulu medial abemi lweHo- ngeempumlo kwaye esahlula kwipleyiti nkqo ngokusebenzisa kwiindawo zokubeka nkqo emxinwa. Yena, ke, kukuba kwi sagittal (nkqo) moya. Emacaleni osecaleni zigqunywe labyrinths kunye nembasa kakuhle ezibhityileyo. Yinxenye kumphezulu medial kwezisekelo iliso.

impumlo shell

Kwicala medial yeseli zizele egosogoso iipleyiti nokudleka obhityileyo. Ba oluphakathi kunye eliphezulu impumlo iqokobhe. Isiphelo esezantsi nganye Axhome ngokukhululekileyo slot. Isebenza phakathi aa Incopho nembasa kunye ekulo. Inxalenye eliphezulu iqokobhe nganye iqhotyoshelwe kumphezulu medial ye kwale migodi ekulo. Top iqhotyoshelwe, ngokulandelelana, iqokobhe eliphezulu, intwana apha ngezantsi kwaye kancinci anteriorly idlule avareji. Kwezinye iimeko, kwaye element wesithathu ibanjiwe. Ubizwa ngokuba "iqokobhe uphakamileyo" kwaye kuphela nguvumazonke wavakalisa. Phakathi kweqokobhe phakathi neziphezulu izibophelelo kulele sicatshulwa ngeempumlo. Yena umelwe isikhewu elimxinwa. Ikhosi avareji ibekwe ngezantsi ecaleni ehambelana egosogoso turbinate. Nguye kuphela ukuba ngaphantsi ezikumntla empumlo iqokobhe elisezantsi. Buthuntu kwayo nangasemva yi hamulus langoku waguqa phantsi. Nguye phezu ukakayi isiqu kunye nomhlehlo latticed osusela iqokobhe ezantsi. Ngomva kuseko bulges ngexesha embindini kwiqamza enkulu. Le yenye nemingxuma inkulu, equka ithambo ethmoid. Yangasemva and top phakathi kwiqamza enkulu kunye hook-ezimilise umhlehlo kwi ngaphambili emazantsi umsantsa iyabonakala. It has a imilo ifanele. Ngesi sithuba ke umyalezo sinus ngokungqalileyo yaye meatus eliphakathi kwenziwa. Oku ke komzimba yesiqhelo ithambo ethmoid.

iintlobo amalunga

Ulwakhiwo compound ethmoid ibandakanya amalungu ezininzi intamo. Ingakumbi, ukuba abe nendawo kunye nengxenye zilandelayo:

1. Somhlaba. Nale ethmoid element inxulumanisa ezikumntla weli cala ngaphambili.
2. Kwemihlathi yangasentla. Kuhlangana lwenziwa ingaphandle izihlwele osecaleni evuza inkqubo ngokungqalileyo kunye indawo ephantsi-osisi kunye inxalenye elingasemva anolwazi kumphezulu Orbital.
3. Ithambo ngokungqalileyo. Udibaniso kwenzeka ngokuthi nabo banqumle elunxwemeni ngaphambili element nkqo kwalapho ngeempumlo. Kwakhona isiqingatha-iiseli kwimimandla osecaleni kunye nembasa oxwesileyo sihambisane isiqingatha-iseli emkhusaneni ngokusika. Kule umthungo isabelo idlula.
4. ithambo Sphenoid. edge isibuko esityeni tye trellis osecaleni kwalapho. Umdibaniso bhetyebhetye lakhiwa le nxalenye. Edge emva kwipleyiti nkqo sihambisane Crest. Kweli nqanaba, omhlophe idlula. Le Umda ongasemva in kwiinginginya osecaleni ezikufutshane emacaleni engaphandle Predné-ingxenye. Utsho luqokelelane omhlophe.
5. IPalatine ithambo. Kuhlangana lwenziwa kwinqanaba icala emazantsi ubunzima unxantathu lateral.
6. amathambo ngeempumlo. Kuhambisana wenza edge phambi ingxenye nkqo.
7. ithambo Lacrimal. Kulo ezimbaxa ababandakanyekayo kumphezulu zisecaleni mass efanayo.
8. inxalenye Cartilaginous ye ekudibaneni ngeempumlo. Le uxhulumaniso lusenziwa icala esezantsi-ngaphambili kwipleyiti nkqo.
9. ukucwila impumlo Bottom. bone Ethmoid sae nayo yinkqubo hooklike n isiphambuka phakathi lweHo- kwisebe le turbinate oluphantsi.

ukubunjwa

ithambo Ethmoid iye intlala (eziziisekondari) imvelaphi. Uqala umphakathi ezine intlala kwi philisi ngeempumlo. Ngokutsho komnye umthombo izinto ekhoyo kwi kwipleyiti nkqo, cockscomb kunye izihlwele lateral. Ukuqina isasazeka kuqala turbinate. Emva kokuba inkqubo ibandakanya kwipleyiti grid. Emva kokubeleka, kwiinyanga ezintandathu kamva, kukho kwamathambo bobume Orbital, yaye emva kweminyaka-2 - cockscomb. inkqubo ipleyiti nkqo usebenza kuphela ubomi kunyaka 6-8. Ekungeneni ekubeni kukho ekugqibeleni imiselwe ku iminyaka 12-14.

ukulimala

Ngenxa yokuba isakhiwo aneentunja wethambo ethmoid, ingxenye uthambekele kakhulu yokwenzakala. Ukophuka akholisa ukubakho kwingozi, ukuwa, ukulwa, nibethe phambili-phezulu ukuya empumlweni. Njengeliso eliphandliweyo ngethambo banokuxhamla ngapha nembasa udibaniso olunamandla kwisisu cranial enyanisweni. Oku kungabangela liquorrhea (CSF lingenwe) kummandla impumlo. onesiphumo, yaba lukakayi umyalezo ngeempumlo Uxhokonxwa enzima, kuba nzima ukuphelisa usulelo lwe CNS. ithambo Ethmoid abe nolwalamano olusondeleyo kunye luvo ukuqgiba. Ukuba element yonakele uyakwazi uphenduke okanye unyamalale ngokupheleleyo uvakalelo amavumba.