Ingalo amathambo: amagama kunye nemisebenzi. Kuthekani ukuba ithambo ingalo nokuqaqamba

sizizandla lomntu ndomelele njengoko imilenze, kodwa yenza iintlobo zazo, ezinceda kwisifundo kwaye ulwazi olukhulayo lwelizwe ezingqongileyo.

amathambo izandla

Zezona kakhulu inokusityeda emzimbeni womntu. Oku lula yi umbhinqo emagxeni kunye ngomnwe dexterity. Ngoko ke, cinga ngokweenkcukacha ingalo ithambo asemzimbeni.

Ihumerus. Phezulu kwaso imilo ungqukuva, ongqamana umngxuma omncinane ikhaba. Ngenxa elitywinwe kancinane kwaye simahla yokuqhagamshelana ngeentambo izandla imilenze ngaphezulu mobile ngaphezu kweenyawo zakhe. bone Gxalaba ingalo ibekwe inxalenye yayo ephezulu.

Inxalenye esezantsi nemilenze yenziwa amathambo ezimbini: embindini kunye ulna. Le yokugqibela yi sentlanganisela njengehenjisi liqhagamshelene ingalo eliphezulu, kwaye yokuqala - uyakwazi ku gqiba ngeenxa owesibini. Oku kungenxa ukugoba iingalo kunye asezantsi nezihlunu zayo.

Umphezulu wethambo uneempawu zawo. Oku ngokucacileyo ihumerus, apho ngoncedo intloko amiliswe ngaphakathi izihlunu convexity. Xa ingalo igotywe engqinibeni kubonakala tubercle ezintathu. indawo yayo, kunyanzelekile ukuba ukuphelisa le ihumerus kunye ulna phezulu, intloko ajikelezayo ebonakala gca phezu esihlahleni.

Ray bone izandla. isakhiwo

Bona ise ezi ziyenza, kwaye wasinika kunye ngamaqela amabini: distal kunye proximal. ingalo iphiramidi ebonisa kwamathambo ithambo waphuhliswa enkosi amanqaku nto leyo, ukuvela ngexesha uphuhliso emzimbeni womntu. Oku kwenzeka phezu yesibini, yesihlanu, yesithandathu, wesibhozo, elinanye, iminyaka elithoba okanye elishumi yobomi.

Njengoko bekhula iziqwenga bone omdala emzimbeni womntu uba ezinkulu. Ukuze ubone le ndawo likhula ngokwesiqhelo okanye ukungaqheleki, kuba nzima ngakumbi. Xa bebudala bungaphantsi konyaka-imashumi mabini ezelwe iza synostosis. Ukuba ngenxa yezizathu ezithile ezingundoqo ithambo akukho idityaniswe yinxalenye wethambo kwi engqinibeni, kukho amathuba aphezulu isahlakalo ithambo ezingazinzanga.

Ubume esandleni

enza yenziwa yiNdlu izihlahla, metacarpals neminwe.

• Sosana zimelwe emzimbeni womntu 8 amathambo ezimfutshane nomsi- ezicwangciswe imikrozo emibini: ongentla (proximal) nolusezantsi (distal). Ngako oko, ku kuqala zezi: pisiform, ezibunxantathu, semilunar kunye namathambo navicular. Okwesibini: hamate, capitate, trapezoid kunye polygonal. Umphezulu of ithambo ingalo ngalinye le site articular. Ukusebenzisa kwabo kwenzeka kubhekela ngamathambo ezikufutshane.

• 5 ibonisa metacarpus ezimfutshane amathambo tubular, nganye eneyazo unomzimba isiseko semilo yonxantathu kunye iziphelo eqinileyo, kunye nentloko. Ngenxa kule sakhiwo, i metacarpals, xa zidibene-nye, babe izahlulelo interosseous, kwaye khaxa namasundu, yaye emva esandleni sakhe - phakathi.
• Le ndoda iye iminwe ezintlanu: ubhontsi, isalathiso, embindini, isangqa kunye Ucikicane. Phalanges ke amathambo ngohlobo kweetyhubhu ezimfutshane. umnwe ngamnye ngaphandle kuqala, uye phalanges amathathu: proximal, phakathi kunye distal. In nasesithupheni ezimbini kuphela: i inde - kwaye proximal imfutshane - distal. umzimba isiseko phalange nganye eyaziyo, kunye nentloko. Amathambo esandleni banikwa imingxuma nezondlo apho iimpahla ezifunekayo amathambo kunye luvo izinto nefayibha.

Kutheni kukho neentlungu ezandleni?

Amaninzi amathambo ingalo yayinzima kwizaphuko, komsipha kunye nemisipha eqwengiweyo. Kwakhona umonakalo buhlungu kungaba:

• imisipha Overstrain ngenxa amandla kakhulu emzimbeni.
• Indawo STD okanye iintshukumo ngesandla phinda, nto leyo eyenza abantu ibrashi ixesha elide.

Ukuba ezi zinto zibangela neentlungu ezandleni, kufuneka ukunciphisa umthwalo okanye abanye ixesha ukuba ukuhamba kuzo. Kodwa asimele silibale ukuba buhlungu enjalo maxa wambi i umqondiso izifo amathambo, izihlunu okanye luvo. Ngoko ke, ukuba sele wahlolwa, kufuneka udibane nogqirha.

Ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba nokuphumla, musa ukuhamba ngaphandle imithwalo intlungu amalungu izandla. Kuthathwa ukuba lo nangokurhala, okanye, nangakumbi, samathambo. Apha, ingcali uncedo ayikwazi buhlungu.

Amaxesha amaninzi, abantu ndenzakale imihla. isabelo yengonyama zokuhlaselwa iwela ezandleni. Umntu akanako nangoko ndaqonda ukuba waba ngokwaphulwa, kunye neentlungu ebuhlungu itsala ukuya yokwenzakala. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba, phakathi kwezinye iimeko, kwamathambo iimpawu esihlahleni ezaqala ngokucacileyo.

Maxa wambi intlungu inokunikwa phezu kwesebe eliphezulu. Ukuba mathambo isandla raihan sasekhohlo, sinako sime wahlaselwa yintliziyo okanye iposi engabalulekanga, nto leyo sikhatshwa:

• Intlungu emva breastbone.
• Ukuphelelwa umoya.
• Pallor, isicaphucaphu.
• Ukufika izithukuthuku ebandayo.
• nexhala kwesizathu.

Kulo mzekelo, kufuneka ubize inqwelo yezigulana ngoko nangoko.

ngesandla. zaphuka abalahlekelwe

Iimpawu we ukwaphuka we amathambo izihlahla yintlungu kunye ukudumba. ukuxilongwa kungenziwa imiselwe X-ray. Noko ke, ezinjengokwaphuka bone ingalo ukufuduka kulo mmandla kunqabile kakhulu. Predictions for ukuphilisa ezinjengokwaphuka ezimbi ukususela iimpahla ezonakeleyo ofaka ezo umthombo wamandla. Kulo mzekelo, ukuze zenze i joint bobuxoki, kwaye nokuphuhlisa izifo ezifana necrosis ithambo. Oku kudla yasuswa intsumpa.

Kwamathambo ukuba nesiphumo engazivumeli metacarpals lufanele ukwalathisa ubundlobongela ezandleni komhlaba. umonakalo olunjalo luphawulwa ukudumba, ukutshintsha ngohlobo amathambo, iintlungu, lunyhasho ubuchule motor. isandla Metacarpal xa kwimeko ukwaphulwa kunye ukubana ekuqaleni anciphise ngesandla. Ke tinsimbi isicelo ukuya ngasemva zengalo nesandla ukusuka ngengqiniba ukuya phalanges kwamalungu. Palm oqondela indawo wire arcuate yayo ibhasi.

Phalanges elimele ngokuqhelekileyo kusekhaya okanye emsebenzini. Kwamathambo bavame ivuliwe. Ukuba kokuba ukulinganisa, uxilongo ayikho nzima. Unyango luqala debridement. Isinciphise thambo endaweni yayo amisa ibhasi, iiveki ezintathu kamva asuswe apho. emandleni apheleleyo ukusebenza kunokwenzeka ngenyanga - enesiqingatha.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni yezandla zenu unenzondelelo ithambo, ukususela kwimihla zokuqala yokwenzakala kuyimfuneko ukwenza imithambo olungiso. Kwinqanaba lokhathalelo olulandelayo-up kunceda ukuyifundisa kakuhle, umyalezo.

Radius. zaphuka

Olu hlobo yokwenzakala kubandakanya ukugxojwa olupheleleyo okanye olungaphelelanga amathambo. Xa izandla zibethwa radiation of kwamathambo, isizathu kufuneka kucelwa imithwalo ngokugqithisileyo ukuba avelana koxinzelelo ngoomatshini kulo ilizwe. Ekuveleni lisisiqalo ukwenzeka umkhosi nefuthe elingqale kule ithambo iphiramidi. Oku kudla ngokwenzeka xa esiwa kwi ngesandla esolukileyo, xa amaqhekeza ithambo namhlanje bachukumiseka kuxhomekeke yokuhlala yayo kwindawo ethile ngexesha lokuwa.

lokuqala zoncedo

Kwimeko apho naliphi na ukwaphuka emagxeni kufuneka abachaphazelekayo ukwazisa ndindisholo. Kuba oku ilingane omnye ekhulwini isisombululo "promedolom" omnye milliliter kuphela. Oku kulandelwa imbande, nje ekunene.

Ixhoba kufuneka athathe isandla ecaleni kwaye igotywe engqinibeni kwi-engile degrees asithoba. Emva koko wabeka isipha umqhaphu okanye iqhiya kwi brush with iminwe akufunekanga kolulwa. Kule ndawo kwekhwapha ukubeka roller ilaphu. Ukubethelela ngebhandishi wayo idlule igxalaba esempilweni. Xa engekho lithetha okhethekileyo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ithuba neemathiriyeli ngesandla, ezifana ngamaplanga. ukuthutha Kuphela ixhoba kwindawo ekuhlaleni.

Ukuba ukwenzakala na uhlobo lwe ngokwaphulwa evulekileyo, kuya kukhatshwa ukopha. Ukuyeka ukuba kufuneka kubekwe kwindawo eyonakeleyo ukuba ibotshwe ngezithandelo xi bandage. Ukuba igazi akayeki, oko wamisa tourniquet.

Izinto ezibangela intlungu emathanjeni

Abantu abaninzi ubuhlungu izandla amathambo okanye iinyawo yemozulu embi, emva umthambo luthi okanye ngenxa nje kungekho sizathu. Kutheni uzame ukuqonda.

• Kaninzi uva ubuhlungu izandla ithambo neenyawo ebantwini abadala. Into yokuba umntu omdala kubakho utshintsho sisiba mandundu saka emathanjeni namalungu. Nge ubudala, amathambo ube nje ukubhitya, qala ukuphulukana collagen, calcium kunye nezinye izimbiwa ezininzi. Ngenxa yazo zonke ezi utshintsho baba buthathaka buthathaka ngaphezu.
• Abantu kakuhle wondleke nokuma basoloko iintlungu amathambo emlenzeni. Baphambana yi umthwalo ngokugqithiseleyo. Kulo mzekelo, ungenza kubaphatha njengoko uthanda, kodwa oku akuncedi, logama nje umntu bunjani ubunzima bakho.

• Abantu abafumana umsebenzi ngokwasemzimbeni ngakumbi imihla ngemihla, ubunzima ukusuka intlungu amathambo izandla neenyawo. Oku kubangelwa yinto yokuba ukutya aphazanyiswa, kunye nezondlo wachitha ithambo nzima. Iintlungu ezinxulumene, Ngokuyintloko, kunye intsilelo kwezinye izinto eziyimfuneko ukuze yesondlo yethishyu ithambo.
• ubuhlungu Cause kwi amathambo iingalo kunye nemilenze inokuba nemivumbo, kwizaphuko, nangezilonda, samathambo kunye nezifo ezosulelayo, aleji, leukemia abanye.

Prevention of Injury Prevention

Nqanda iintanda angaba, ukuba uyigcine le mithetho ilandelayo:

• Ukuba kunokwenzeka, ahambe iindawo kakuhle ovuthayo.
• Xa ukhetha izicathulo ukuba anikele ingqalelo ezintendeni kuba ngcono xa wazikrola iinotshi.
• Kuba amathambo strong ukudla equlethe calcium.
• Ngexesha lasebusika ukufumana umkhondo emtyibilizi.
• Ukomeleza izihlunu kunye nezandla skeleton neenyawo imithwalo kunokwenzeka.
• Zama ukuba babambelele yokuphila obunentsebenzo nobunempilo.