Battle kwi Ice: scheme kunye igagasi lempi

Battle kwi Ice - enye amadabi mkhulu kwimbali eRashiya, apho iTshawe Novgorod uAleksandr Nevsky eliboniswa Lake Peipsi behlasela kartel yoMyalelo Livonian. Kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi, ababhali-mbali yiya impikiswano malunga iinkcukacha edabini. azikho ezinye izinto ukuya kufikelela ekupheleni, kuquka ukuba wathabatha ngayo indawo Ice. Ukuqhuba kunye kuvuselelwa iinxalenye kulo mlo kuya kusenza ukuba atyhile imfihlelo iimfihlelo imbali ezinxulumene edabini olukhulu.

Imvelaphi ingxabano

Ukususela ngo 1237, xa i-Pope isaziso ekuqaleni yenkolo elilandelayo nomhlaba empuma Baltic phakathi zizilawuli, Russian kwelinye icala, kunye Sweden, Denmark kunye Order German Livonian - Kwelinye icala, igcine ombane rhoqo, nto leyo maxa wambi wakhula inyathelo emkhosini.

Ngoko ke, ngo-1240 Knights Swedish ikhokelwa ngu Birger Jarl ihlaliswe ngasechwebeni Neva, kodwa ke umkhosi Novgorod phantsi kolawulo Prince Aleksandra Nevskogo bawoyisa kwidabi.

Kulo nyaka, i-Order Livonian lathembisa angehli emhlabeni Russian. Zeza kunye izimpi zakhe wathabatha Izborsk kunye Pskov. Ukuhlola ingozi Novgorod Veche ngo-1241 wabongoza emva ebukumkanini Alexander, nangona wagxothwa kutshanje yena yedwa. Prince ibandla squad yaye wafudukela nxamnye Livonians. Ngo March 1242 wakwazi ukumkhulula Pskov. Alexander wafudukela amajoni akhe nabemfuyo uMyalelo, kwicala le ibhishopu of Dorpat, apho Crusaders ndawonye amandla omkhulu. Amaqela balungiselela kwidabi.

Abachasi kumkhawulela April 5, 1242 e Lake Peipus, ngoko nangoku igqunywe ngumkhenkce. Kungenxa yoko le nto kamva fumene igama edabini - Battle of the Ice. Ichibi ngelixa kungahlala nzulu ngokwaneleyo ukumelana amajoni kakhulu axhobileyo.

imikhosi zamaqela

impi Russian kwaba isakhiwo kunokuba iyachithwa. Kodwa undoqo nto, ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, waba squad Novgorod. Ukongeza, umkhosi wangena babizwa ngokuba "kwi bottom" ezibangele izinduna. Inani lilonke athathwe Russian kuqikelelwa yi mbali kwi 15-17 amawaka abantu.

Umkhosi, kakhulu, ukuba Livonians lunga-. Battle ngumqolo kartel yakhe kakhulu sixhobe Orders Military , elikhokelwa Master Andreas von Velvenem, leyo, nangona kunjalo, ekulweni ngokwayo ukuba akwenze. Kwakhona kwi imikhosi Danish babehlangene, kwaye wamajoni wesixeko Dorpat, eziquka inani elibalulekileyo Estonia. Inani lilonke wemikhosi Livonia uthelekelelwa 10-12 amawaka abantu.

igagasi emfazweni

imithombo Historical wasishiya inkcazelo ngokufanelekileyo imbalwa malunga ukuba kubekwe ngendlela idabi ngokwayo. Battle kwi Ice yaqala nesibakala sokuba abatoli eentloko ezaxhobela Novgorod beza phambili kwaye wayisithelisa nesichotho kartel iintolo msebenzi. Kodwa ke yokugqibela na, esebenzisa isakhiwo yasemkhosini, obizwa ngokuba "ihagu 'ukuba yokutshayela ngemipu ndawaphula embindini imikhosi Russian.

Ebona le meko, Alexander Nevsky wayalela umkhosi ukuba ukufikelela emihlubulweni Livonians. Knights athathwa kwentshukumo pincer. It yaqala intshabalalo ngokungakhethi zamaqhawe Russian. amajoni Auxiliary Order, akubona ukuba imikhosi zazo ziphambili boyisiwe, bagaleleka ukubaleka. squad Novgorod okule abalekayo ngeekhilomitha ngaphezu ezisixhenxe. Idabi yaphela ekoyiseni epheleleyo imikhosi Russian.

Kwaba ibali Battle kwi-Ice.

impi Driving

Akumangalisi iincwadi zezifundo basekhaya malunga nemicimbi zomkhosi othathe indawo efanele lo Ice. Lo mzobo ungezantsi, ibonisa ngokucacileyo isipho alimwi Aleksandra Nevskogo kwaye owakhuliswa imisebenzi yokulwa ebalaseleyo.

Kwimephu, sibona ngokucacileyo imikhosi zokuqala idabi Livonian kwi zijoyine squad Russian. Kwakhona kuboniswa Knights layo kunye moya koko abangabancedani imikhosi uMyalelo, nto leyo iye yagqitywa kwaye Ice. Le nkqubo ikuvumela ukuba ukwakha data siganeko nomxokelelwane enye, kwaye kakhulu ibhexesha ngokutsha kwenzeka ebudeni zeziganeko edabini.

iziphumo lokulwa

Emva kokuba umkhosi Novgorod iphumelele a soyise phezu amabutho enkolo, yintoni emagqabini oyi Alexander Nevsky omkhulu, isivumelwano uxolo satyikitywa apho Order Livonian ashiye ngokupheleleyo ekuthengeni yalo yakutshanje kummandla mazwe Russian. Kwathiwa banikana amabanjwa.

Le boyisiwe, baza ke Order of Battle of the Ice, kwaba kubi kangangokuba iminyaka elishumi wayimunca amanxeba abo kwaye musa nokuba ucinge kuhlasela elitsha yelizwe Russian.

Akukho uloyiso kangako Aleksandra Nevskogo kunye nemeko ngokubanzi yembali. Ngapha koko, oko wagqiba bayahlelwa lwethu imihlaba yethu kunye nesiphelo esisiso ukuya ndlongo of zokholo German kwicala lasempuma wayebekwe khona. Kakade ke, emva koko i-esinguMyalelo weNkundla asiyonto nje uzama ndiziqhawule isiqwenga somhlaba Russian, kodwa akazange abe ukuhlaselwa akazange athathe uphawu enkulu kangaka.

Iingcamango neemposiso ezinxulumene ne ekulweni

Kukho imbono leyo kakhulu kwi Battle of Lake Peipsi yomkhosi Russian yanceda umkhenkce, engaquki kuthwala ubunzima kakhulu axhobileyo kartel amaJamani waza waqalisa ukutshona phantsi kwabo. Enyanisweni, akukho isiqinisekiso sembali yale nyaniso le nto. Ngaphezu koko, njengoko zophando lwakutshanje, ubunzima kartel Russian izixhobo German kunye kartel abathatha inxaxheba emfazweni, sikhule ngokulinganayo.

zokholo German ngokwembono yabantu abaninzi, nto leyo iphefumlelwe ikakhulu umboniso, zibe kakhulu axhobileyo cuirassiers iminqwazi, ngokufuthi ezihonjiswe iimpondo. Enyanisweni, itshata ye-Order inqanda ukusetyenziswa imihombiso isigcina-imvelaphi inyuselwa khona. Ngoko ke akukho Livonians iimpondo, umgaqo, ayikwazanga.

iziphumo

Ngenxa yoko, siye safumanisa ukuba omnye amadabi zibalulekileyo kunye lenkundla kwimbali yelizwe yaba Battle of the Ice. scheme idabi wavumela ukuba ande ngokucacileyo kambe isigqibo sizathu siphambili ngokoyiswa le Knights - uhlolisise imikhosi zabo xa ngokungenankathalo wabalekiselwa uhlaselo.