Ookumkani England

Kuwo onke amazwe, kanye zikho lobukhosi, kodwa inkoliso kubo, ke ngelo xesha elinye nelinye. Ku Britain, ukumkani yasinda kude kube ngoku. Kakade ke, ookumkani eNgilani akuseyomfuneko amandla ukuba ngaphambili. Lo mlawuli of Great Britain namhlanje liye ngakumbi ixabiso yokomfuziselo. Olu phawu kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abantu beli lizwe. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, lo mlawuli yi koroleva Elizaveta II. Xa kwimbali eNgilani, kwakukho ixesha xa ukumkani yabhukuqwayo kunye republic esekwe eNgilani. Kodwa akuzange kube kudala. Kuba baninzi, omnye iisimboli eziphambili karhulumente yaseBritane ngookumkani kunye neekumkanikazi of England.

Ukumkani e iBrithani iye iingcambu ezendeleyo zembali. Kwimbali yonke batshintsha akukho namnye ookumkani yaka eNgilani. Umntu wokuqala ukubiza yena ukumkani, waba Alfred Veliky, owayelawula ukususela kwiminyaka 871 ukuya 899. Ukhunjulwa yomzabalazo wakhe kunye Vikings, ekomelezeni karhulumente, ukomelezwa ngamandla yobukumkani, kakuhle, kuqala kwiinto zonke, ezifana leyo kulowo kuphuma esathathwayo esasilandela ookumkani eNgilani. Alfred Veliky bendlu ka Wessex. Kamva, eNgilani ubukhosi ilandelayo yathi: Wessex, Norman, Plantagenet, Tudor, uStuart, Hanoverian, Windsor.

House of Wessex uqala ngaphambi eNgilani. Ngaphambi kokusekwa kweli lizwe yena walawula ubukumkani Wessex. Lobukhosi yaphazamiseka izihlandlo eziliqela, kwaye ngo1066 ebukumkanini bakhe ekugcineni. ummeli wayo sokugqibela Harold II Godwinson. Ookumkani ezintsha of England abazange yaseBritani. Ubukhosi entsha kwamiswa ngenxa yokoyiswa yaseNgilani ngokusemthethweni. Le lobukhosi kuthiwa Norman. ummeli wayo wokuqala eNgilani - William I. Emva kokuba ahlasele eNgilani ngo1066 kwaye wazibhukuqa ubukhosi yangaphambili, kwasekwa i-Anglo-Norman karhulumente. William I - enye amanani edume kumaXesha Aphakathi, ibizwa ngokuba uWilliam koloyiso. Emva kokufa kwakhe, le meko sichithakele, omnye koonyana bakhe, waba ngukumkani eNormandy, enye - eNgilani. Emva kwexesha elifutshane qwele le ntlekele dynastic, nto leyo eya kukhokelela ekubeni War Civil 1135 - 1154 gg. Ngowe-1154, uKumkani waba uHenry II, waba ngunozala indlu entsha ye Plantagenets.

Nge 1362 weza amandla lomthi Plantagenet of Lancaster. Nge-1455 nge-1485 gg. ngokunxulumene nengxaki dynastic yaba yeeMfazwe rose. Ngowe-1471, Lancaster wabhukuqwa, yaye abasemagunyeni ixesha elithile wahlala kweliya isebe le Plantagenets - Yorkie. Nokuphela yeeMfazwe rose beza Tudors ngamandla. ixesha kubhekwa zebhola of England, fanelaka absolutism yayo. Tudors Stuarts zatshintsha. Kwithuba kolawulo sazo ngexesha nezilingo ezinzulu. Ngowe-1640 uqala i-revolution IsiNgesi. Ngowe-1649, ummeli Stuart ubukhosi, uCharles I wabulawa.

Ngowe-1714 eNgilani lamisela amandla Hanover ubukhosi. Hannover avele kusapho yaseJamani, ukumkani yokuqala Hanoverian wayengazi IsiNgesi. Ummeli idumileyo ubukhosi Hanoverian - koroleva Viktoriya, owayelawula ukususela 1837 ukuya 1901. Ixesha lokulawula kwakhe kuthiwa lolawulo yeVictorian. Ukususela ngo-1901 iqala ubukumkani Windsor ubukhosi. Le lobukhosi nangoku amandla. Ngexesha lokulawula le lobukhosi, kwabakho ukothuka ngamandla kwinkulungwane XX - iimfazwe ezimbini zehlabathi, ukuvela le lorhulumente wenkqubo yobuSoshali, umzabalazo amalungelo oluntu kwaye njalo njalo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, lo mlawuli UK yi koroleva Elizaveta II.
Kwi-UK, uyimisele kusini na inkqubo yedemokhrasi: inyulelwa yiPalamente, kukho inkqubo ebandakanya amaqela ngamaqela, njl Nangona kunjalo, ookumkani eNgilani kusafuneka ubunzima kwezopolitiko British ...