Amabhunga aphezulu asemthethweni aseRussian Federation. Ezisiseko zokusebenza

Amabhunga aphezulu asemthethweni weRussian Federation yiPalamente yaseRashiya. I-Duma kaRhulumente kunye ne-Federation Council yi-Federal Assembly yaseRashiya. NgokomGaqo-siseko okhoyo, iziko elilodwa lombuso linemisebenzi yomthetho. Ngelo xesha, ukuba iDuma ingadlulisela ibhili-mali ngokuvota amaninzi alula, iBhunga leNyuvesi linelungelo lokwenza i-veto (inqatshelwe) umthetho wesigqeba okanye omnye umqulu osemthethweni oye wamukelwa yindlu ephantsi yePalamente. Ngamanye amazwi, i-Federation Council ilawula kwaye iyalula umsebenzi wezomthetho ngendlela efunekayo kwilizwe. Oku kwenziwa ukwenzela ukunciphisa izinga lokungafani kwezopolitiko kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwaye ukuvuma ukulungelelanisa, "ukuthula" kwenguqu okanye le bhili.

Uqeqesho

Amabhunga aphezulu asemthethweni weRussia Federation ngamagunya okumela. Nangona kunjalo, umkhuba wokwenza abaphathi be -Duma kaRhulumente kunye nabaphathi beeNkundla zeNyuvesi bahluke phakathi kwabo. I-Duma kaRhulumente ityunjwe ngokuvota ngasese ekhethweni lonyulo lwepalamente. Inkqubo yokulinganisela ngoku sele ingcambu, iphakamisa ukuvota kwizintlu zeqela. ISekela likaSeti liyabelwe ngokuhambelana nemiphumela yokugqibela yokuvota. Umnqoli ongenalutho uyabonwa njengombutho wezopolitiko, ufumana ama-50% kunye ne-1 ivoti. Kungekudala, i-2/3 yezihlalo ze-Duma zilawulwa yi-United States yaseRashiya.

Ngelo xesha, iBhunga leNkampani liquka abameleli bobabini kwimimandla (ezimbini ukusuka kwimbutho nganye yombutho) kunye neendwendwe ezivela kwi-executive and system system. Ama-senators awakhethiweyo ngabantu, uMthetho weRussia we-Russian Federation, ngamanye amazwi, ungqinelana nabantu kunye ne-bureaucracy yolawulo.

Ukusebenza nokuvota

Amagqeba aphezulu asemthethweni weRussia Federation enza izigqibo ngokuhambelana nemithetho esekwe yimigangatho yomthetho kunye nokulawula. Okokuqala, i-State Duma yakha amaqela, apho abameleli bamaqela abaphumeleleyo kunye nabavelwano beza. Emva koko, inkokheli yecala eliphantsi likhethwa, elijongene nokumodareyitha inkqubo yezomthetho, kunye nokulungelelanisa izenzo zayo nezinye izakhiwo zamandla. Iimali ezifunyenweyo zizo ezo maxwebhu enkxaso ekufumene i-voti ye-50% kunye nevoti ye-1. Ngendlela yokuvota idlulayo, unokukhawuleza ubone ukuba yeyiphi iinqanaba ezifanelekileyo kwisigqibo, kwaye ezingekho. Emva koko, iBhunga leNyunyana lithatha ilizwi layo, livavanya i-bhili-mali ukusuka kwimbono yolawulo lwezopolitiko kunye noluntu. Ukuba ngaphakathi kwi-Federal Assembly zonke izikhundla ziye zavunyelwana ngaphambili, ngoko uxwebhu luxhaswa ngokungathandabuzekiyo kwaye luyakuthunyelwa ngokusayinwa kuMongameli.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba amaqumrhu asemthethweni asemthethweni waseRashiya ayifezekisi imisebenzi yokuphunyezwa kwemithetho eyamkelweyo. Le mi sebenzi yenziwa yilawulwa kwezixhobo zolawulo kunye nezolawulo. Nangona kunjalo, i-State Duma inelungelo lokwenza okanye iqalise ukuveliswa kwezakhiwo ezintsha zeseburhulumenteni, ezinikwe imisebenzi yokulawula kunye neyokulawula.

Nqanaba loMmandla

Umbutho womthetho wegunya likarhulumente yombutho oseburhulumenteni weRussia Federation uqhuba imisebenzi yokuvuma imigaqo-siseko yomgaqo-siseko (i-Statutes), ukwamukela uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali, kunye neminye imisebenzi yokulawula ebalulekileyo kwingingqi. Yenziwe ngokhetho lonyulo lwendawo. Inani labaphathi liyahluka ngoxhomekeke kubemi belizwekazi, ummandla kunye nommandla. Uthobela ngokufanelekileyo inkqubo enye yamandla karhulumente.