Eyona iingxaki yomthetho mthetho (APUP)

Nangona kubekho uzinzo kwezoqoqosho, izinga lolwaphulo-mthetho eRashiya lunciphe. Ukususela ngo-2005, nokuqhambuka lolwaphulo-mthetho oluqulunqiweyo wayengekho, kodwa ke inqanaba ulwaphulo ngaphakathi Russian Federation ayiniki themba ithemba. Esinye isizathu yomsebenzi ngokwaneleyo kule ndawo amatyala olwaphulo na izinto ezingangqinelaniyo yangaphakathi kwemimiselo yezomthetho okhoyo.

iingxaki Okwenziweyo umthetho lolwaphulo lungahlulwa-hlulwa zibe ngamaqela amakhulu. Ngamnye kubo kufuneka uqwalaselwe ngakumbi ehlaziywa.

Ingxaki ingqiqo yenjongosenzi ulwaphulo-mthetho

iingxaki Okwenziweyo umthetho mthetho babophelelekile ukuba ukunyanga ityala njengoko inkqubo ungquzulwano rhoqo phakathi kukarhulumente kunye nabemi bayo. Enye nezimaphambili ezingundoqo kule nkqubo yinkqubo ecacisa into yokuba ulwaphulo- njengesiseko isiqinisekiso betyala.

Imfundiso yenjongosenzi ulwaphulo yavela ngenkulungwane XIX. Emva koko wabonakala kumsebenzi cofa A. F. Kistyakovskogo vd Spasovich kunye nabanye azinikele kwingxaki ukukhetha into ulwaphulo-mthetho. Okwangoku iphuhlise ngokunxulumene injongosenzi ibe lulwaphulo-mthetho iseti kumaziko oluntu, ngenxa apho mthetho othile kwabona umonakalo. Eyona iingxaki zomthetho yolwaphulo-mthetho kunye nenkqubo yolwaphulo-mthetho eyenzelwe ukuhlola ungquzulwano zamaziko ahlukeneyo karhulumente mihla. Phakathi la maziko, awona abalulekileyo:

• umntu, amalungelo nenkululeko;
• ngentlalo, izibonelelo, izinto;
• ,, Ubunini abucala oluntu karhulumente;
• ukhuseleko loluntu kunye ukuze;
• okusingqongileyo;
• urhulumente kunye neemfuno zawo.

Ukophulwa nayiphi na kuzo kukhokelela ukuba ukungalingani phakathi okusesikweni njengoko esingaqondwayo ngabemi, yaye umsebenzi, njengoko iqondwa ngurhulumente. Kodwa le ntswela esisiseko phakathi umfuziselo wobulungisa kunye nomthetho enxulumene nemiba esisiseko umthetho ngokubanzi. Ngokubanzi, yenjongosenzi ubugebengu luthathwe Ukophulwa naziphi na iimfuno esemthethweni ixhoba ngenxa yesenzo (okanye yokungenzi) abanye. Kodwa ingakumbi kwenkcazo into bobabo lé theory zomthetho. Umzekelo, ukukhusela iimfanelo yayo phezu inxalenye ummi ukuze ziqwalaselwe inkqubo njengoko isenzo esiyingozi ngokwentlalo okanye ubunqolobi. Ukusetyenziswa amandla ngexesha ukubanjwa akwazi kugwetyelwa ukusuka kwindawo Ngenxa emapoliseni, kodwa umvalelwa unakho ingqalelo oku kakubi igunya. Imizekelo ezinjalo - eninzi. Olu daba sibhekiswe amagqwetha ukufunda iingxaki ngqo kwethiyori komthetho mthetho.

Law and Procedure

iingxaki Eyona zomthetho mthetho yenkqubo bancipha umsebenzi onzima yamagqwetha nkalo zilandelayo:

• imingeni yokwenza inkqubo yolwaphulo-mthetho kunye nethemba zophuhliso yayo;
• ukuthobela lihlawulisa iinkqubo kunye nokhuselo nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe;
• ingxaki ukuqokelela ubungqina;
• komlandu; kwimimiselo yobuchwepheshe, kwesigwebo;
• inkqubo yenkundla yokubhena sigwebo nantsi: filing inkqubo Ephakamileyo, appeals;
• kulungiso lwe kumatyala olwaphulomthetho ayamene ubungqina 'Ncwadi ngokuphindaphindiweyo;
• amanqanaba ukuqeshwa kunye nokuqhuba iimviwo lwasenkundleni, ukukhupha umsebenzi neengcali.

Umkhuba komthetho mthetho

kileyo Modern lithethelela ukuba ngokubonakalayo basebenza kwicala enokusebenziseka komthetho kwaye azalisekise iintlobo zobuchule ukuze akuncede ngokuchanileyo ukubamba ngokwaneleyo ukusebenzisa imithetho ekhoyo, ezinye izibonelelo zalo nezithethe eyenza umthetho lolwaphulo mihla. iingxaki Eyona ithiyori practice kuxoxwa kwi iisemina ezahlukeneyo zomthetho amagqwetha ukufumana nayiphi na isisombululo esifanayo kwingxaki nokuphuhlisa iindlela ezisebenzayo isicelo ezi izisombululo xa befundisa.

Ukuhlelwa nokubulala

imigangatho Modern ziquka ukuhluthwa ubomi izenzo ngaphantsi kakhulu yaye, ke ngoko, kuthintelo lolwaphulo-mthetho, ngethiyori, kufuneka zabelwe ixesha kunye nomgudu ngaphezu nasiphi na esinye isenzo. Xa uqala kuqala, iinkcukacha-manani ezibonisa ukuhla ookubulala, kodwa ngaba nyhani? Eyona iingxaki zomthetho mthetho eyenzelwe ukunika impendulo yalo mbuzo.

ilungiselelo zomthetho zangoku igcina irekhodi owabulawa izibakala, kodwa hayi inani lamaxhoba. Ngenxa yoko, ukubulawa kwabantu ezilishumi abakufanelekeleyo ngokutsho ibango. "A" kwaye "e" h. 2 amacephe. 105 (nokubulawa kwabantu ababini okanye nangaphezulu benze ngendlela eyingozi). Kulo mzekelo, la manani awaquki ookubulala ezibangela umonakalo omkhulu kakhulu ixhoba, ngubani na ibe ngunobangela wokufa. Out of ekujoliswe "elibulalayo" manani kusekho amaxhoba amaninzi, acandacanda nqaku, "Missing" njalo-njalo.

Inani lamagosa zokunyanzelisa umthetho

Enye kruthakruthwano ibuhlungu eluntwini ukruthakruthwano phakathi kwamaziko zokunyanzelisa umthetho, kwaye ulwaphulo-mthetho ngokubanzi. Inkqubo yanamhlanje yobulungisa kulwaphulo-mthetho namhlanje nako ukuphendula nkqu yesithathu amatyala abhalisiweyo mthetho. Ukuba ukubhaliswa izikhubekiso kuqhutywa kwimeko nganye zachongwa, inkqubo ezikhubazayo nje. Le enokusonjululwa ngokwandisa inani labaqeshwa imoto yomthetho karhulumente - abaphandi, amapolisa, abatshutshisi, abagwebi.

yezisombululo ezinokusebenza kule ngxaki

Kodwa ilizwe lethu kwaye abe njengenkosana ehlabathini kwinani amagosa nokunyanzeliswa komthetho. Kutheni na imisebenzi yale nkqubo ukuze ngempumelelo? Le yenye ephikisanayo, nto leyo unyanzelekile ukuba nizalise iingxaki ngqo umthetho Russian kulwaphulo-mthetho, kwaye isigqibo mba kufuneka ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Enye indlela yokusombulula le ngxaki ukuze kwandiswe uluhlu inkululeko kubemi (oko kukuthi, yintoni lo inxeba kungavumelekanga ngumthetho, ngoko akuyi kubakho). Uhambelwano ukhetho olunjalo isenokuba okuthintela ulwaphulo-mthetho bokubekwa - ngoku benza amagqwetha ehlabathini.

Urhwaphilizo siqu

iingxaki Okwenziweyo umthetho Russian mthetho nigcobe umbuzo yoxanduva ngayo umoni. Inyaniso kukuba kwilizwe lethu ngokobuqu uxanduva ambathe onxulumene ingqikelelo urhwaphilizo.

Yichitheni le duumvirate ukuba inkqubo ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho. 15-20 minyaka yokugqibela umlo ochasene norhwaphilizo sele akaphumanga ngaphezu ukuthetha ngayo. Imali echithwa kwi ekulweni urhwaphilizo, yahlala ezipokothweni lwamagosa iyunifomu. Le iintsholongwane zokonakala, apho kuyimfuneko ukutshabalalisa kanye ekuqaleni, Badidekile onke amaziko olawulo kunye kweliso kurhulumente. Abantu ebizwa ukukusingatha ngempumelelo ukukhonya imali kunye nonxibelelwano, yiya kwizikhundla nje ukuze bazalise iipokotho zabo. Kodwa okwangoku sinokuthi ukuba ilizwe lethu liye ezilahlekileyo eli dabi, kwaye ngokufanelekileyo ukhokela uluhlu lwe yamazwe zobuqhetseba ehlabathini.