Le nitriding ngensimbi ekhaya: Ulwakhiwo, Technology kunye nenkcazo

technology nitriding esekelwe ukutshintsha isakhiwo phezu imveliso yesinyithi. Le oluntsonkothileyo imisebenzi efunekayo ngenjongo into ekujoliswe enika iimpawu zokhuselo. Noko ke, iphucula kuphela umgangatho emzimbeni nitriding ophuma ekhaya apho kungekho indawo nochatha olukhulu enika lokuvuna nokuphuculwa komsebenzi.

ulwazi ngokubanzi malunga nobuchwepheshe nitriding

Kuyimfuneko yokugcina iimpawu nitriding kubangelwa, evumela iimveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu ukulobola iipropati. ubuchule Basic share nitriding kwenziwa ngokungqinelana neemfuno iindlela processing thermal iindawo. Ngokukodwa, ukwanda kweteknoloji makasilele apho iingcali nga ngokucokisekileyo ngakumbi ukunyenyisa izakhelo yesinyithi. Ukongezelela, ukuze zikhuselwe iinkalo, izinto ezo phantsi nitriding. Kulo mzekelo, ukutyabeka ukuze isetyenziswe ngawo maleko ubhityileyo etotini nesingxobo buciko. Xa kuthelekiswa neendlela ezinzulu noshowo yokuphucula iimpawu intsimbi, nitriding - ke Ukwanda kumphezulu maleko ngentsimbi, leyo unempembelelo ngaphantsi isakhiwo preforms. Oko kukuthi umgangatho osisiseko lweziqalelo eqaqambileyo bubuhle ezinxulumene iimpawu zangaphakathi, kodwa zifakiwe kwi uphuculo nitrided.

Ezahlukahlukeneyo iindlela nitriding

Iindlela nitriding ungahluka. Ngokuqhelekileyo ukwahlula iindlela ezimbini eziphambili, ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko nitriding metal. Oku kunokuba iindlela ukuphucula umgangatho yokuqaqadeka banxibe ukuxhathisa, kwaye saphucula nokumelana. Lwalo lokuqala ungachazwa ukuba utshintsho noshowo wenziwa kwi ubushushu wesiqalo ngulo malunga 500 ° C. Le nitriding Ukwehla sidla kuphunyezwa ngokuthi imveliso ion xa anodes kunye cathodes yi excitation yencindi kukhanya liyafezekiswa. In lwalo yesibini, le nitriding luyenziwa ngentsimbi exutyiweyo. Technology yale hlobo inika unyango yeqondo 600-700 ° C zethuba yenkqubo iiyure ezili-10. Kwiimeko ezinjalo unyango inokudityaniswa amanyathelo ngoomatshini kunye thermal akramnceleyo izinto ngokungqinelana neemfuno ngqo ukuba umphumo.

Ifuthe ion plasma

Le metal endleleni vacuo ifumile nitrogen aqulethe apho uyala i engamabhodlo nemincili kagesi. Le anodes emalisebenze eludongeni lwegumbi zokufudumeza, kunye nesenzo cathode workpieces ngqo. Ukuze lula ulawulo isakhiwo umaleko kuvumelekile inkqubo ulungiso. Umzekelo, iimpawu inokwahluka lexinene ngoku, izinga lwepolitiki, amazinga nitrogen ukuhamba ngokongeza igesi inkqubo ecocekileyo, njalo njalo. D. Kwezinye embodiments, plasma nitriding intsimbi kunye unika sokudityaniswa argon, methane kunye hydrogen. Oku kubangelwa ukwandisa iimpawu lwangaphandle ngentsimbi, kodwa utshintsho zobugcisa nangoku kwahluka ukusuka kweziyobisi ngokupheleleyo. Umahluko ephambili kuxhomekeke kwinto yokuba utshintsho enzulu zesakhiwo izilungiso zenziwe nje kuphela ukutyabeka kunye khazi iimveliso zangaphandle. unyango Ionic kunokuquka ngokupheleleyo isakhiwo deformation.

nitriding igesi

Le ndlela iimveliso zesinyithi eyenziweyo ngokwenqanaba Ukwanda kubushushu ka-400 ° C. Kodwa kukho kwakhona ukuxolelwa. Umzekelo, izinyithi eliyinjubaqa kunye yodidi austenitic zibe kumgangatho ophezulu ubushushu - ukuya ku-1200 ° C. Le ammonia inqanyulwe isebenza primary saturation esiphakathi. Lawula parameters deformation noshowo kunokwenzeka ngokusebenzisa inkqubo nitriding gas leyo ebandakanya iifomati ehlukileyo. Ethandwa kakhulu zithathwa iindlela ezimbini, ifomathi-sigaba ezintathu, kwakunye indibaniselwano ammonia inqanyulwe. Ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa iindlela, ezibandakanya ukusebenza umoya kunye hydrogen. Phakathi parameters ulawulo, leyo iza kucacisa ngentsimbi nitriding ngokungqinelana iimpawu umgangatho, kuba izinga owahlukileyo ammonia flow, amaqondo obushushu, iqondo dissociation, ukuhamba yenkqubo iigesi kunye t lwendalo. D.

unyango kunye nesisombululo electrolytes

Ngokuqhelekileyo, netheknoloji tirhisa zokufudumeza anode. Eneneni, olu hlobo elektrohimikotermicheskoy isantya processing of izinto zentsimbi. Isiseko kule nqubo umgaqo yokusebenzisa ngentlawulo idaleka zombane, elisuke ecaleni kumphezulu workpiece, zibekwe electrolyte esiphakathi. Ngenxa yeziphumo emanyeneyo iintlawuliso electrostatic phezu intsimbi kunye nokusingqongileyo yemichiza ye nesiphumo ipolishi kuyafikelelwa. Kule processing, umba ekujoliswe kungathathwa njengento nqanawa anode kunye kho nelungileyo ukusuka yangoku yombane. Kwangaxeshanye, ivolyum cathode kufuneka ungabi ngaphantsi kwe ivolyum anode. Apha kufanele kuphawulwe ezinye iimpawu ukuba ion nitriding steel converges electrolytes. Ngokukodwa, iingcali zithi ezahlukahlukeneyo iindidi ukubunjwa iinkqubo zombane kunye anodes, leyo kuquka ixhomekeke kwimixube Plug-electrolyte. Oku kwenza ulawulo ngqo ngakumbi iimpawu zobugcisa nezokusebenza okusilelayo yesinyithi.

nitriding yamaKatolika

indawo Izixhobo kule meko amiliswe kunye lobushushu inkxaso ammonia inqanyulwe zomyalelo 200-400 ° C. Kuxhomekeka umgangatho lokuqala mngxilo wentsimbi unyule Ukwanda egqibeleleyo, kwanele ukuba ulungise preform. Oku kukwasebenza kwakhona ukutshintsha uxinzelelo kwenxenye ammonia kunye hydrogen. Inqanaba efunekayo ammonia dissociation kuzuzwa esweni koxinzelelo kwaye umthamo igesi. Ngenxa yoko, xa kuthelekiswa neendlela wezinto Ukwanda kwegesi, nitriding intsimbi yamaKatolika lubandakanya iindlela zokwenza ngakumbi engashiyi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, obu bugcisa yaqaphela nitrogen-equlethe umoya isivamvo kukhanya kagesi. Lo msebenzi wenza iindonga anode lwegumbi zokufudumeza, kwaye cathode - le mveliso.

izakhiwo Process deformation

Phantse zonke iindawo iindlela Ukwanda workpieces iintsimbi isekelwe ngokudibanisa iziphumo obushushu. Enye into engaphezulu ukuze esisebenza ngombane kunye neempawu nokulungisa iindlela igesi ezakutshintsha nje kuphela ngaphandle kodwa isakhiwo olungaphandle eziphathekayo. Ikakhulu iinjineli sifuna ukuphucula iimpawu amandla kwethagethi kwaye akhusele kwiimpembelelo yangaphandle. Umzekelo, nokumelana yenye yeengxaki eziphambili Ukwanda, nto leyo yenzelwa phantsi nitriding ngentsimbi. isakhiwo metal emva electrolytes processing kunye neendawo zegesi eyaziyo, futhi okwaziyo withstanding ukutshatyalaliswa mechanical zendalo. utshintsho ngqo kwi parameters isakhiwo ziqingwa ukusetyenziswa kwixesha elizayo workpiece.

Nitriding kwi yangasemva ezizezinye zobugcisa

Ukongeza indlela nitriding isakhiwo sangaphandle workpieces yesinyithi inokwahluka iteknoloji cyanidation kunye cementation. Ngokumalunga ubuchule yokuqala, sifunda ngakumbi a kweziyobisi zakudala. Umahluko yale nkqubo nongeza umxube carbon esebenzayo. Kuye iimpawu ezibalulekileyo kunye cementation. Oku kuvumele ukusetyenziswa carbon, kodwa kwiqondo lobushushu eziphakamileyo - malunga 950 ° C. Eyona njongo iphambili yale Ukwanda - ukuphumeza yokuqaqadeka zokusebenza phezulu. Ngoko ke carburizing, nitriding intsimbi kunye ezifana, ukuba isakhiwo yangaphakathi uyakwazi ukugcina iqondo elithile viscosity. Ukuziqhelisa, le processing lisetyenziswa kwi mveliso apho workpiece Kufuneka sihoyane zochuku anda, ukudinwa mechanical, anxibe bokuxhathisa kwaye kulihlutha ezinye iimpawu ukuqinisekisa phakade eziphathekayo.

Iinzuzo nitriding

Izinto eziluncedo ezingundoqo ubuchwepheshe ibalisa iindidi imowudi workpieces Ukwanda kunye nsimbi. unyango Umphezulu kunye nobunzulu ngokomyalelo 0.2-0.8 mm kwakhona kwenza kube lula ukugcina isakhiwo olusisiseko inxalenye yesinyithi. Nakuba kunjalo, oku kuxhomekeke nokucwangciswa inkqubo, apho nitration lwenziwa ngentsimbi kunye nezinye aluminium. Ngenxa yoko, xa kuthelekiswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi, ukusetyenziswa konyango nitrogen ibiza ngaphantsi kwaye inokuba nkqu ekhaya.

nobubi nitriding

Le ndlela esijolise egcina kumphezulu owenziwe ngesinyithi ngaphandle, nto leyo ekhokelela uthintelo indices zokuzikhusela. Ngokungafaniyo unyango carbon, umzekelo, nitriding akanako ukulungisa isakhiwo engaphakathi preform ukuze ndinciphise uxinezeleko. Enye Ububi umncipheko nefuthe elibi nkqu phezu iimpawu zangaphandle ibakhusela le mveliso. Kwelinye icala, inkqubo nitriding intsimbi unako ukuphucula nokumelana kunye nokukhuselwa ukufuma, kodwa kwelinye icala - iza kuncitshiswe lexinene ngesakhiwo, olunge, kuchaphazela iipropati amandla.

isiphelo

technologies processing metal ifuna uluhlu olubanzi iindlela amanyathelo ngoomatshini kunye imichiza. Ezinye zazo mava yaye ibalwa okusilelayo nagunya standardised ezithile zobugcisa kunye ngokwasemzimbeni iindlela. Abanye zikhokelwa uhlaziyo ezizodwa. Iqela lesibini angaquka nitriding ngentsimbi, evumela ithuba phantse pointwise wolungiso umphezulu kumphandle icandelo. indlela yokuphila enjalo ikuvumela ngaxeshanye ngokuvula umqobo kwiimpembelelo ezibi zangaphandle, kodwa ngaphandle bujikwe izinto isiseko. Ukuziqhelisa, loo iintengiselwano kuxhomekeke nxalenye zokwakha asetyenziswa yokwakha, umatshini-isakhiwo kunye nokwenza isixhobo. Oku kuyinyaniso ngokukodwa izinto ekuqaleni phantsi layisha phezulu. Nangona kunjalo, kukho zizalathisi amandla, leyo abukhange bufikelelwe ngenxa nitriding. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, i kweziyobisi kunye nesakhiwo nzulu izinto unyango ngokupheleleyo-enobugcisa. Kodwa nezingalunganga ngohlobo ubumdaka zobugcisa eziyingozi.