Yintoni umyalezo kwabapostile

ukuqokelelwa Book, simanyene yi igama eliqhelekileyo "Umyalezo of the Apostles oyiNgcwele," kuba yinxalenye iTestamente Entsha, leyo yinxalenye yeBhayibhile, kunye ebhaliweyo ngaphambili iTestamente Endala. Yakha imiyalezo libhekisela kwixesha apho, emva ukwenyuka kaYesu Kristu, abaPostile waya ehlabathini jikelele eshumayela iVangeli (iindaba ezilungileyo) kwizizwe zonke, ukuba ahlale ebumnyameni ubuhedeni.

Abashumayeli ukholo lwamaKristu

Ngenxa ke kubapostile, baya kukhanya isahlulo sakhe emhlabeni ongcwele ukukhanya okuqaqambileyo wokholo lokwenyaniso, yalikhanyisa peninsulas ezintathu, iziko impucuko yamandulo - Italy, Greece kunye Asia Minor. Umsebenzi wobuvangeli abapostile ezisingelwe incwadi enye ngaphezulu iTestamente Entsha - "kwiZenzo zabapostile," kodwa kukho indlela yokuba abafundi basondeleyo bakaKristu banikwe ngokupheleleyo.

Lo msantsa igcwaliswe iinkcukacha eziqulathwe kwi "ncwadi", yaye ezichazwe kwi Nesiko oyiNgcwele - izinto, canonically ezaziwayo yiCawa, kodwa zibandakanyiwe Endala okanye iTestamente Entsha. Ukongeza, imiyalezo gqitha indima ecacisa iziseko yokholo.

Imfuneko ukudala imiyalezo

Ezincwadini zakhe bamele iseti utoliko kunye ukucaciswa umbandela uqulathwe ezine wenza (Church eyaziwayo) zeVangeli yabhalwa babe ngabashumayeli beendaba ezilungileyo ezingcwele: UMateyu, uMarko, uLuka noYohane. Imfuneko imiyalezo ezinjalo ngenxa yendlela ngohambo lwakhe, ngelizwi lomlomo ekusasazeni umyalezo wegospile, nabapostile ezahlukeneyo iicawa lamaKristu.

Nangona kunjalo, iimeko akazange avumele ukuba ihlale ixesha elide kwindawo enye, kwaye emva kokuba ushiye uluntu elalisandul 'ukusekwa zisengozini ngenxa yeemeko elinxulunyaniswa nazo zozibini ezi buthathaka ukholo kunye ukutenxa endleleni eyinyaniso ukusebenza sithwele ubunzima nokubandezeleka.

Kungenxa yoko le nto ikholwa ukuba ukholo lwamaKristu ngelixa zange kwakufuneka ukhuthazo, unyanzeliso, isilumkiso nokhuthazo, asilahlekanga, kunjalo, ukufaneleka kwayo namhlanje. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, yaye iincwadi ezabhalwa ngabapostile, utoliko apho wayeza kuba umxholo imisebenzi bezakwalizwi abaninzi abadumileyo.

Oko kuquka kwaneeleta?

Njengazo zonke izikhumbuzo okuqala ingcinga zonqulo zamaKristu, incwadi emidala, zabhalwa leyo kubalelwa kubapostile, yahlulwe ngamaqela amabini. Eyokuqala i ekuthiwa Apocrypha, oko kukuthi izicatshulwa ezingaqukwanga phakathi lamiselwa, kwaye ukuchana nto leyo azikhange zikhunjulwe Christian Church. Iqela lesibini iqulathe kwiitekisi, inyaniso apho ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo kwexesha elibekiweyo izigqibo amabhunga ibandla, eyayiqwalaselwe eziphefumlelweyo.

KwiTestamente eNtsha wawuquka 21 isibheno yabapostile kuluntu ezahlukeneyo zamaKristu kunye neenkokheli zabo ezizezomoya, inkoliso yabo esahleliyo kusini St. Paul. Apho kukho 14. Bona enye Apostles ezimbini libhekisela abaseRoma, Galati, Efese, Filipi, Kolose, amaYuda, umpostile engcwele abafundi asixhenxe bakaKristu noMveleli Titus uFilemon - i nezo beCawa lwaseKrete. Ukongeza, ithumela imiyalezo ezimbini ukuya kwabaseTesalonika, kwabaseKorinte, kwaye ubhishophu yokuqala ka-Efese kuTimoti. Ke ezinye kusini zabapostile kwakucingwa ukuba abalandeli abasenyongweni nabafundi bakaKristu: uYakobi, inye, zimbini uPetros, noYohane, ezintathu uYuda omnye (ingenguye uSikariyoti).

Ezincwadini zakhe yabhalwa ngumpostile uPawulos

Phakathi imisebenzi zemfundiso bafunda imbali epistolary bapostile baziincamisa, indawo ekhethekileyo nekuhlala utoliko kwiincwadi zikaPawulos. Kwaye kwenzeka kuphela ngenxa amanani wabo omkhulu, kodwa ngenxa yokuba umthwalo ngokungaqhelekanga kwisemantiki kunye nokubaluleka iimfundiso.

Njengomgaqo, phakathi kwazo zezi "Epistle of St. uPawulos kwabaseRoma," kuba kuthathwa umzekelo elihle hayi nje i-New Testament Scriptures, kodwa ngokubanzi lonke iincwadi yamandulo. Uluhlu lwazo zonke iincwadi 14 yelo kuPawulos, oku kudla kuqala, nangona maxesha yokubhala akunjalo.

INcwadi yeeDilesi ye kuluntu wamaRoma

Kulo mpostile uthetha kuluntu amaKristu aseRoma, wathabatha inxaxheba kuloo minyaka, ikakhulu ngenxa ezintlangeni amaguquka, ekubeni onke amaYuda kunyaka-50 bagxothwa ikomkhulu loBukhosi ngommiselo loMlawuli uKlawudiyo. Ethetha ingxinano yokushumayela wezabasebenzi wamalela ukuba atyelele iSixeko unguNaphakade, uPawulos, kwangaxeshanye uthemba ukuba eze naye endleleni eya eSpeyin. Noko ke, ngokungathi ebona nakwenzeka yale njongo, wayethetha amaKristu aseRoma kakhulu ende yaye zichazwe isigidimi sakhe.

Abaphandi bathi xa abanye oonobumba umpostile uPawulos yenzelwe kuphela ukwenza izilungiso kuloo okanye eminye imiba imfundiso yamaKristu ngokubanzi iindaba ezilungileyo ezandleni zabo buqu, ngoko, ukuba amaRoma Wabaguqukela, ke, enyanisweni, enalo anegama zonke iimfundiso ezilungileyo. Kwizangqa lwenzululwazi, loo nto ixela ukuba Epistle to amaRoma yabhalwa nguPawulos malunga 58 neminyaka phambi kokufika kwakhe eYerusalem.

Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iincwadi yabapostile, ukunyaniseka kwesi lesikhumbuzo zembali akukaze. udumo lwakhe enkulu phakathi kwamaKristu okuqala kungqinwa yinto yokuba esinye lokuqala iitoliki yayo yaba Kliment Rimsky, lowo ngokwakhe omnye wabapostile asixhenxe bakaKristu. Xa ixesha le ileta eya kwabaseRoma wabhekisela imisebenzi bezakwalizwi abadumileyo kunye zooyise zebandla ezifana uTertullian, uIrenaeus, Justin i Philosopher, Kliment Aleksandriysky kunye nezinye Ababhali abaninzi.

Incwadi eya kwabaseKorinte bawela qhekeko

Enye indalo emangalisayo okuqala uhlobo zamaKristu epistolary i "Epistle of uPawulos eya kwabaseKorinte." On kufuneka kwakhona okunye. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba emva kokusekwa Paul Christian Church kwisixeko yesiGrike aseKorinte, abahlali bendawo bamrholela ngumshumayeli ogama Apolo.

Nayo yonke inzondelelo yakhe, ukuveza ukholo lokwenyaniso, oko namava wenza Ukuxabana kubomi yonqulo yamaKristu yasekuhlaleni. Ngenxa yoko, ukuba ziye zohlulwa abaxhasi Njengompostile uPawulos, umpostile uPetros, yaye -Apolo, nokutyhilwa lobuqu ukucaciswa iSibhalo, leyo, kwamathandabuzo, i qhekeko. Ethetha amaKristu aseKorinte isigidimi sakhe waza ewalumkisile zokufika kumbovu ngenjongo ukucacisa imiba iphikiswayo, uPawulos unyanzelisa kuxolelwaniso jikelele kunye nentlonipho umanyano kuKristu, zashunyayelwayo ngabo bonke abapostile. Korinte iqulathe, phakathi kwezinye izinto, yaye ekugwetyweni izenzo ezininzi lwesono.

Okulahla imikhuba emibi ilifa ubuhedeni

Kule meko sithetha ngabo mikhuba, leyo lasasazwa phakathi kwamaKristu wasekuhlaleni, azilawulwa kodwa soyise predilection ilifa kubo ngamaqaba ngaphambili. Phakathi wabonakala ezahlukeneyo yesono ezendeleyo entsha, kodwa esekwe imigaqo yokuziphatha zoluntu, liyakulahla mpostile kunye intransigence kakhulu yonke ngokuhlalisana kunye nomnye umama wakhe, yaye izenzo isini. ukugxekwa kwakhe kwabaseKorinte yena ubhenca isiko ukuba aqhube nabanye kwisimangalo obungenasiphelo nganye, kwakunye abazonwabisa kukunxila uburheletyo.

Ukongeza, kule ncwadi, umpostile uPawulos ubongoza amalungu oluntu entsha ngaphandle okwenkawu yokwaba imali ukulungiselela ukulondolozwa kunye nabashumayeli njengoko ukunceda amaKristu iYerusalem abasweleyo. Ke yena ukhankanya ukupheliswa kwezithintelo zokuphelisa ukutya amaYuda, sivumela ukuba usebenzise zonke iimveliso, ngaphandle kwabo ukuba abahedeni basekuhlaleni ezibingelelwe kwizithixo zabo.

Caphula oluphithizelisa impikiswano

Okwangoku, kukho inani bezakwalizwi, ingakumbi emva kweli xesha, uthi kule Letter Apostolic Ezinye iziqalelo kwale mfundiso ayamkelwa yi kuleCawe subordinatizm. kubume bayo siyifumana ngoluvo wokungalingani kunye ngaphantsi incarnation kaBathathu Emnye oyiNgcwele, uThixo uNyana, noThixo uMoya oyiNgcwele izidalwa kaThixo uYise, kuxhomekeke kuye.

Le mfundiso ngokwesiseko ezinxamnye iinkolelo ezisisiseko zamaKristu, ovunywe 325 lokuqala kwiBhunga laseNicaea, walishumayeza iindaba unanamhla. Noko ke, ebhekisela i "kwabaseKorinte" (isahluko 11, ivesi 3), apho uMpostile ithi: "UThixo nguye intloko ke kaKristu", kukho inani abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba nkqu Abapostile uPawulos angawaconganga ngokupheleleyo kwimiphumo iimfundiso zobuxoki yobuKristu bokuqala.

Xa ubulungisa, siphawula ukuba kubachasi babo badla ukuqonda eli binzana ngokwahlukileyo kancinci. Ilizwi likaKristu ngokoqobo bubonakala "lowo umthanjiswa", yaye eli gama lisetyenziswa ukususela kumaxesha amandulo nxamnye nabalawuli yedwa. Ukuba uqonde amazwi umpostile uPawulos kule ndlela, oko kukuthi, ukuba "zonke nguzwilakhe intloko uThixo", ngoko yonke into iwela ndawo, yaye ukungaboni shwaka.

wamagama

Xa ndiqukumbela, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba zonke zabapostile umyalezo kuxhotyiswa kunye nomoya yokwenene Vangeli kunye Abaseki beCawa Kucetyiswa ngamandla ukuba ukufunda kubo bonke, ngubani ofuna ukwazi ngokupheleleyo imfundiso enikwa kuthi ngoYesu Krestu. Ngokuba kubo ukuqonda ngcono notoliko kufuneka, ayiphelelanga ukufunda kuphela iitekisi ngokwabo, jonga imisebenzi abahlalutyi, eyona idumileyo kunye nempembelelo kuzo Bishop Feofan Zatvornik (1815-1894), nto leyo ligqibe umlando inqaku. Ngendlela elula nezifikelelekayo ngayo licacisa izicatshulwa ezininzi, intsingiselo apho kudla kubantu umfundi mihla.