Yintoni na le uthixokazi mandulo Greek Nike? Ukubaza neetempile

Mhlawumbi namhlanje kunzima ukuhlangabezana umntu akazi nto malunga Iintsomi zamaGrike kunye noothixo ezikhankanywe kulo. Nabemi Olympus sidibana kumaphepha iincwadi, iikhathuni bhanyabhanya ngokupheleleyo-ubude. Namhlanje, Heroine webali wethu uba uthixokazi ezinamaphiko Nike. Sinikezela simazi nale ibanjwa lwe Olympia Ancient.

Uthixokazi Nike: Inkcazo

Kwiintsomi zamaGrike, igama lakhe izandi iyafana "Nike". Uthi isithixokazi koyisa, kwaye ke intombi ititan nguPallas kunye Styx isidalwa kubi ukuba Liquka ngesothuso kwakudala. Nick wakhula ndawonye omnye kakhulu iziqu kwiintsomi zamandulo zamaGrike, isithixokazi wemfazwe nobulumko - Athena. Wayengumntwana njengehlakani kaZeyus omkhulu edabini wakhe Anaki kunye Titans. Greek yothixokazi Nike yonke ihamba Athena, sisiya naye imicimbi yakhe. Hi ndlela leyi, kwiintsomi yamaRoma, siyafana Victoria.

Yintoni i Nike?

Le isithixokazi usisimntwiso nemiphumo encumisayo yaye iziphumo ezidibanisayo kuyo nayiphi na imeko. UNick ebandakanyeke nje kuphela ngamajoni, kodwa kwezemidlalo, umculo kunye neziganeko zonqulo yaququzelelwa kumsitho impumelelo. Sinokuthi Nick yi kunokuba lwalubonisa wosindiso ofezekileyo ngaphezu nayiphi na intshukumo kunye namanyathelo ezikhokelela kuyo.

Umfanekiso uthixokazi

Amaninzi, Heroine of kwiintsomi zamaGrike uvezwa amaphiko yingozi intshukumo ngokukhawuleza ngaphezu komhlaba. Nicky i lophawu ibalulekileyo ibotshwe kunye isidanga. Kamva ke kwangena komthi wesundu, kwakunye indebe kunye isixhobo. Abakroli ngokuqhelekileyo eziboniswe lo thixokazi umbhiyozo iqela okanye ngumbingelelo isiko, okanye umthunywa woloyiso. Ukuba oko kudla lesiphumo of uHermes - abasebenzi. Isithixokazi koyisa Nike lizisa ngobunono wanqwala intloko yakhe uphumeleleyo, le endiza ikhaphukhaphu phezu kwakhe, ngokungathi uvutho- intloko yakhe, ngoko uqhuba inqwelo yakhe yokulwa, ngoko ngeemela isilwanyana ngexesha lomnikelo, indebe wakha izixhobo yotshaba boyisiwe. imifanekiso zakhe phantse njalo luhambisana sculpture enkulu kuZeyus Pallas Athena. Bamele Nick esandleni sakhe kubaluleke ngakumbi woothixo Olympian.

anika umdla

Bunobungangamela igama Nicky kwavulwa 1891 Ibhanti. Kwakhona, uthixokazi ezinamaphiko koyisa ezisingelwe XXXIII Orphic zecawa. Ukongeza, igama lakhe kuye kuthathwe njengesiseko yokudala igama «Nike» American uphawu kwezemidlalo.

Temple of Athena Nike

Elinye laloo ndawo inkulu asekhoyo, yonqulo uthixokazi kukuba kwi Athene Acropolis. Ibizwa ngokuba "indlu ka-Athena Nike." Kwakhona ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba 'endlwini Niki eAthene. "

Lo msebenzi wokwakha ibekwe kwi induli kwicala lasekunene ekungeneni engundoqo (propylene). Apha abantu balapha banqula isithixokazi ngethemba lokuba oko kuya kuba negalelo zihambe kakuhle emfazweni elide nxamnye yiSparta kunye namahlakani abo (i Peloponnesian War).

Ngokwahlukileyo inkoliso Acropolis, apho oko kunokwenzeka ukuba kuphela ukungena emnyango engundoqo, uthixokazi ezinamaphiko wengcwele ekhoyo. Le tempile yakhiwa yamaRoma wezakhiwo odumileyo ogama Callicrates phakathi kweminyaka 427 no 424 BC. Phambi kule ndawo engcwele Athena, leyo yatshatyalaliswa namaPersi malunga 480 BC. Masakhane a amphiprostyle - uhlobo tempile Greece yamandulo, zombini ngaphambili kunye umva bobuso apho zicwangciswe ngendlela eyodwa column kumqolo ezine. izakhiwo Stylobate iqulathe izigaba ezithathu. Friezes bahombise ezi imikrolo wabaza ebonisa nguZeyus, Poseidon kunye Athena, kwakunye kwindawo yokulwa emkhosini. Uqobo lweleta okanye lwale ngamaqhekeza lokusinda ndithanda namhlanje zigcinwe kwiMyuziyam yaseBritani, etempileni Greek unako ukucinga ikopi.

Njengoninzi amaziko Acropolitan, Nicky itempile lwakhiwe Pentelic ibhastile. Wayengqongwe ungqameko A kwiminyaka embalwa emva kokuba igqityiwe ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo ukukhusela abantu ukuwa kunokwenzeka eliweni. Ngaphakathi itempile oqingqiweyo Nike. Ngesinye isandla Wayibamba nesigcina-ntloko (uphawu imfazwe), kunye nezinye - nerharnate (ufuzisela ukuchuma). Ngokwahlukileyo womfanekiso efunyenweyo, lo mfanekiso akazange abe amaphiko. Oku kwenziwa ngokukodwa - ukuba ukuphumelela abazange iindonga zesixeko. Eneneni, ke ngoko, ulwakhiwo itempile yaye igama Nicky Asperos, okt uloyiso onamaphiko.

Nika Samofrakiyskaya

Le Umfanekiso yenye ebonisa oothixokazi Olimpiki bahlile beza kuthi, ukususela kumaxesha amandulo. namaqhekeza ayo lamaqhosha ezingaphezu kwama-200 kwaziswa Paris ukusuka Greece zakudala uCharles Shampuazo ngo-1863. Ngenxa yomsebenzi onzima kunye iinzame restorers baye bavuselela umfanekiso yinzwakazi. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba uthixokazi Nike ovinjwa zizandla nentloko, kunye iphiko elinye (ekugqibeleni eyayenziwe gypsum), wafumana bonke abathanda art kwaye amashumi amaninzi omnye avuleke ezininzi exabisekileyo Louvre.