Yintoni ithumba? ubushushu oluthile vaporization

Yintoni ebila, sele ndisazi kwikharityhulam yezikolo. Noko ke, olu lwazi ngokukhawuleza obebuza, yaye ekugqibeleni abantu bayeke ukunikela ingqalelo kakuhle eli nezolo. Ngamanye amaxesha kubalulekile ukukhumbula ulwazi theoretical component.

definition

Yintoni ithumba? Yinkqubo emzimbeni apho kukho kakhulu ukubunjwa umphunga kwi zombini ubuso ulwelo okhululekileyo ngaphakathi nesakhiwo sayo. Enye iimpawu na amaqamza okubila ezinama ngomphunga ifumile kunye nomoya.

Kufanelekile ukuba sikhankanye ubukho iingqiqo ezifana lobushushu elibilayo. Uxinzelelo kwakhona kuxhomekeke izinga ukubunjwa umphunga. Kufuneka ibe rhoqo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, uphawu ephambili zemichiza ilulwelo abilayo ngamandla oluqhelekileyo womoya. Kunjalo, le nkqubo kwakhona iphenjelelwa yimiba ezifana ubunzulu amaza omsindo, umoya ionization.

ebila step

Ngokuqinisekileyo umphunga uqalisa ukwakha ngexesha inkqubo ezifana ukufudumeza. Iqondo ibandakanya edlula kulwelo ngenxa isigaba 4:

1. Ezantsi enqanaweni, ngokunjalo phezu kweendonga zayo baqale ukwakha amaqamza amancinci. Oku kubangelwa kukuba neentanda izinto isikhongozeli yenziwa apho, iqulathe umoya eyandisa xa zibethwa lobushushu eliphezulu.
2. Amaqamza baqala ukwandisa umthamo ngenxa apho kuyazanywa kumphezulu. Ukuba umaleko aphezulu ulwelo akakafiki ubushushu nokubilisa, ithotywe ezantsi lweHo-, uze kwakhona aqale ukufuna phezulu. Le nkqubo ekhokelela kuseko kwamaza yesandi. Kungenxa yoko le nto ebudeni okubila amanzi siya kuva ingxolo.
3. Oku ndiyihlanganise ndiyidadise phezu komhlaba nani likhulu bubbles, nto leyo idala umbono turbidity amanzi. Emva koko iba ulwelo. Ngenxa Isiphumo esibonakalayo, le mbiza nqanaba libizwa ngokuba "izitshixo white".
4. Kubekho ophuphumayo olunzulu, nto leyo sikhatshwa ukuyilwa amaqamza esikhulu baziqhawula ngokukhawuleza. Le nkqubo ihamba ngaphakathi kunye olunzulu Ukwakheka umphunga.

ubushushu oluthile vaporization

Phantse yonke imihla sijongene isenzeko ebila. ubushushu oluthile vaporization yi wobungakanani emzimbeni egqiba umthamo ubushushu. Ngoncedo wenkqu esingamanzi shi ngomphunga. Ukuze kubalwe le parameter, kufuneka ukuba ayahlule izinga ngumphunga kwi ubunzima nobushushu.

Njengoko isikali

Bonisa ethile ubushushu wesiseko lulinganiselwa elebhu esebenzisa nelayo imifuniselo. Ziquka kulandelayo:

• kufuneka imali enemitha kolwelo leyo ke agalelwa le calorimeter;
• zazide sokuqala yokulinganisa iqondo lobushushu amanzi;
• zisiza bunikwa kwangaphambili kunye ibhalbhu ibekwe kuyo analyte;
• ngababini secreted analyte, ubaleka calorimeter;
• wenza ngokutsha yomlinganiselo lobushushu amanzi;
• calorimeter ivavanywa weighting, nto leyo evumela ukuba ukubala ubunzima kunyuka yinto enye.

Nucleate abilayo umbuso

Ukuhlalutya umbuzo oko ebila, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba iye iindlela eziliqela. Ngenxa yoko, umphunga xa itshiswe can be yenziwe ngohlobo maqampu. Bona njalo ukukhula uqhume. Ezo nucleate abilayo ulawulo ebizwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le lweHo- ezaliswe ngomphunga luqokelelane apha emithanjeni. Oku kungenxa yokuba bakholisa ukuba ebilayo. Le yinto yokuqala efunekayo ukuze ithumba, kuba kungenjalo la maqamza ukuwa, asifikeleli ubukhulu ezinkulu.

ebila film

Yintoni ithumba? Eyona ndlela ilula kakhulu ukucacisa le nkqubo ngumphunga kwiqondo elithile kunye noxinzelelo rhoqo. Ukongeza urhulumente kwiqamza uyazimela nje umboniso. kubume bayo usendleleni yokuba wobhobhozayo ubushushu kuphuculwe amaqamza ngamnye ziyadibana zenze umaleko ngomphunga ezindongeni isitya. Xa ufikelela umchazi ezibalulekileyo bayawaphula phezu kwamanzi. Le imo ukubila ungachazwa ukuba iqondo transfer ubushushu ukusuka emithanjeni ukuya ulwelo ngokwayo yehliswe kakhulu. Isizathu soku iba njengemvula kakhulu film.

abilayo

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kukho uxhomekeke le lokubila yengcinezelo ezwi phezu komhlaba ulwelo shushu. Ngoko, loo nto ixela ukuba amanzi abilayo xa lashushu 100 degrees Celsius. Noko ke, eli nani linokuba kuthathwa njengezisemthethweni kuphela xa womoya zaziza kuyinikwa ingqwalaselo kwirhafu eqhelekileyo (101 kPa). Ukuba kwenyusa, abilayo kwelinqaku kutshintsha nayo phezulu. Umzekelo, kwi popular xi xi cooker imalunga 200 kPa. Ngoko ke, lo ubushushu abilayo inyuswe ngamanqaku 20 (degrees ukuya ku-20).

Umzekelo womoya eliphantsi zingathathwa njengeendawo ezintabeni. Ngoko ke, enikwe ukuba kukho Kwanele amancinane, amanzi uqalisa lubila degrees 90. Abahlali yale mimandla kufuneka achithe ixesha elininzi kakhulu ukupheka. Ngokomzekelo, ukuze uyipheke iqanda, ukufudumeza amanzi na izinyuko ngaphantsi kwe-100, okanye iproteni akuthethi curdle.

Ukupheka izinto kuxhomekeke xi umphunga. kwifuthe lazo iqondo lobushushu zinkulu nguqu. Umzekelo, mercury uqalisa bilisa xa lashushu 357 degrees Celsius. Oku kuchazwe into yokuba uxinzelelo engumphunga silingana Pas 114 kuphela (amanzi nani 101 325 Pa).

Bilisa kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo

Kuxhomekeka iimeko kunye nemeko ulwelo, ubushushu abilayo ingahluka kakhulu. Umzekelo, ukuba kuyimfuneko ukongeza ityuwa ulwelo. Sodium kunye chlorine ion zicwangciswe phakathi iimolekyuli zamanzi. Ngenxa yoko, lukanina ifuna umyalelo ubukhulu ngakumbi amandla, kwaye ngokufanelekileyo - ixesha. Ngaphezu koko, manzi yakha ngomphunga ngaphantsi kakhulu.

Yokucela esetyenziselwa amanzi abilileyo kwiimeko ekhaya. Xa usebenzisa ulwelo enyulu, iqondo lobushushu inkqubo lolusezantsi degrees 100. Phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo, ukubilisa amanzi enkolo. Noko ke, iya kuba wachitha ixesha ngaphantsi kancinci, ngenxa yokungabikho ukungcola.

Yintoni eyahlukileyo ukusuka kwamanzi abilayo

Nanini na xa kukho ebila amanzi, umphunga iphume yaya kwi-atmosfera. Kodwa ezi nkqubo zimbini ayikwazi kuchongwa. Ngabo kuphela kwendlela ngumphunga okwenzeka phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Ngoko ke, ukubilisa - yokuqala-order lenqanam lenguqu. Le nkqubo bukhulu ngaphezu ngumphunga. Oku kungenxa ukuyilwa zamagumbi endawo umphunga. Kananjalo kubalulekile ukuba siqaphele ukuba inkqubo ngumphunga lwenzeka kuphela phezu kwamanzi. Yibilise Njengoko lonke umthamo ulwelo.

Ukususela oko kuxhomekeke ngumphunga

Ukuvela komphunga luhlobo ekubizwa inkqubo zokuguqula engamanzi okanye eqinileyo kurhulumente sukube. Kwenzeka "thuma '-athom kunye molekyuli, ogama uqhagamshelwano namanye amasuntswana ucekeceke phantsi kwempembelelo kweemeko ezithile. Izinga ngumphunga ingohluka phantsi kwempembelelo ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• indawo bobume wamanzi;
• lobushushu osisiqu kwakunye kokusingqongileyo;
• Velocity le molekyuli;
• uhlobo izinto.

iinyani ezinika umdla malunga nokubilisa

abilayo amandla lisetyenziswa ebomini bomntu. Le nkqubo iye yaba eziqhelekileyo exhaphake kakhulu kangangokuba kungabikho bani ucinga ngendalo kunye neempawu zayo. Noko okupheka edityaniswe kukho inani leefekthi umdla:

• Mhlawumbi bonke waphawula ukuba isiciko iketile kukho umngxuma, kodwa bambalwa abantu bacinge malunga nenjongo yayo. Kubhaliwe kwenziwa ngenjongo yokuba inxalenye ngomso umphunga. Kungenjalo, amanzi atshize ngalo Senga.
• Ubude zamazambane zokupheka, amaqanda kunye nezinye iimveliso zokutya akuxhomekekanga kwindlela onamandla imbawula. Yonke into ebalulekileyo kukuba lide kangakanani ke boniswa ngamanzi abilayo.
• Kweli nani, njengoko abilayo, ayithethi kuchaphazela ngamandla isixhobo ubushushu. Oku kunokuchaphazela kuphela izinga komphunga engamanzi.
• Iqondo ayikho nje ukufudumeza amanzi. Inokubangela fluid ngumkhenkce xa usebenzisa le nkqubo. Ngenxa yoko, ngexesha abilayo kufuneka kwenziwe rhoqo ukuphuma umoya ukusuka isitya.
• Enye yeengxaki njengezona nkalo zitshisa ibunzi kuba onke kukuba zobisi "ukubaleka". Ngoko ke, ingozi kwalo mmangaliso ngokubonakalayo kwandisa ngexesha imozulu embi, nto leyo sikhatshwa yokuhla womoya.
• Amanzi edl ashushu ifunyenwe kwimigodi nzulu ngaphantsi komhlaba.
• Zizazinzulu uphando zovavanyo ziye zasekwa ukuba Mars amanzi amathumba kubushushu degrees 45 Celsius.

Ngaba amanzi ithumba kubushushu igumbi?

Ngokwezibalo ezilula izazinzulu ziye zasekwa ukuba amanzi lubila lobushushu igumbi kwinqanaba stratosphere. iimeko ezifanayo nga zenziwe kusetyenziswa nempompo cleaner. Kunjalo, la mava enokwenziwa kwindawo iimeko elula, ezingenamsebenzi ngakumbi.

Imfuneko litre iselwa 200 ml amanzi sethumba, yaye xa isikhongozeli lizele umphunga, kufuneka uvale ngokuqinileyo, susa ebushushwini. Uyibeka ngaphezu ukungunda, kuyimfuneko ukuba alinde de ekupheleni kwenkqubo abilayo. Emva koko, le iselwa batyhileka phezu kwamanzi abandayo. Emva koko, amandla ebila olunzulu iqala kwakhona. Oku kungenxa yokuba phantsi kwempembelelo esezantsi-lobushushu umphunga, leyo nakumphezulu bulb, lishiyiwe.