Umsebenzi zokufundisa njenge inzululwazi. iindidi into pedagogy

Pedagogy - isayensi entsonkothileyo zentlalo, iletha kunye, luhlanganisa kwaye synthesizes idatha yabo bonke iimfundiso abantwana. Icacisa izimiso ukuyilwa nonxulumano lwentlalo ezichaphazela uphuhliso isizukulwana esizayo.

Iinjongo nemisebenzi ze pedagogy

iinkalo zokufundisa koqobo kuchaphazela umntwana, hayi nje kuphela ngexesha neziphumo ngqo, kodwa kamva kuyabonakala iziganeko zobomi bakhe.

Eyona njongo iphambili pedagogy iqulathe ngokupheleleyo kuququzelela inkqubo self-ekufezekisweni ngamnye kunye nophuhliso loluntu kunye ngoncedo ndlela yenzululwazi, kwakunye kuphuhliso nokuphunyezwa kwe ngeendlela ezisebenzayo ukuphucula kuyo.

Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yesithathu, ezele iziganeko ezibalulekileyo, oko kwandisa imfuneko yokuseka ezingqondweni baseRashiya iingcamango humanistic. Oku kunokwenzeka kuphela phantsi imeko ndlela zokufundisa kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi. Kuphela kuya kuba lula ukuqikelela ukusebenza imisebenzi zemfundo kunye emfundo.

Ngenxa yoko, imisebenzi kunye nemisebenzi pedagogy enxulumene ingcaciso, inkcazo kunye ukuqikelela iziganeko neenkqubo ezenzeka kwinkalo yemfundo. Yiloo nto limisela imfuneko yokuba ulwahlulo lwemisebenzi kwi theory and practical. Imisebenzi kunye nemisebenzi pedagogy eziqulunqwayo ngokusekelwe siseko yobunzululwazi, uze emva koko yaguqulelwa umsebenzi actual.

Oku kulandelayo luluhlu lwe ngxaki zibalulekileyo theoretical component.

1. Ukuchongwa imithetho ezisisiseko inqubo yokufunda.
2. Uhlahlelo kunye gabalala amava wokufundisa.
3. Development kunye nokuhlaziywa-sikhokelo methodological; zokudalwa iinkqubo ezintsha zoqeqesho nemfundo.
4. Ukusebenzisa iziphumo ze ukulinga zokufundisa kwi ukufundisa.
5. Ukubekwa amathuba nophuhliso lwemfundo kwixesha elizayo kufutshane ebantwini.

Enyanisweni, lo ngumfuziselo ingcamango, oko kukuthi, ukwenza imisebenzi yeprekthikhali, oko kwenzeka ngqo kumaziko emfundo.

pedagogy into

Imisebenzi kunye nemisebenzi pedagogy njenge inzululwazi aliqulunqileyo ngokwaneleyo ngokucacileyo. isiqulatho lwabo zange yabangela impikiswano phakathi neengcali kunye nabaphandi.

Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane A. XX S. Makarenko ingqalelo Okukodwa yenjongosenzi pedagogy. Akazange engavumelani uninzi abafundi ixesha. AS Makarenko ingqalelo embi nenkolelo yabo yokuba umntwana isebenza into pedagogy. Le inzululwazi ufunda imiba umsebenzi ejoliswe ukubunjwa iimpawu ezibalulekileyo eluntwini lo mntu. Ngenxa yoko ke, into pedagogy ayingomntu kwinkqubo yemfundo ejolise kuye, uluhlu lwemisebenzi zemfundo ukuqinisekisa uphuhliso ngamnye.

pedagogy Subject

Umba Inkqubo yezemfundo zemfundo ezinxulumene ngokungangqalanga ne ezininzi zenzululwazi: bulumko, isosioloji, ngezengqondo, ezoqoqosho kunye nabanye. Kodwa akukho namnye kubo aluchaphazeli uhlobo lo msebenzi, nto leyo ebonisa iinkqubo bemihla ukukhula kunye nophuhliso umntwana, kwakunye impefumlelwano ootitshala kunye nabafundi. pedagogy kuphela sele ukufunda iipatheni, iintsingiselo amathuba inkqubo yemfundo njengomba wesiseko lomntu.

Ngoko ke, lo mbandela kwale nzululwazi lwentlalo nabaqeshi kuquka imithetho yenkqubo Ukuqulunqwa kwemfundo ngelo xesha, nto leyo inxulumene kunye izimiso kokwandiswa kobuhlobo nemvisiswano entlalweni. Kwakhona, into, imisebenzi zezifundo kunye zokufundisa ibonisa zizo zonke iimpawu kunye neemeko yempembelelo zokufundisa.

Pedagogy nje isayensi

Umsebenzi ibalulekileyo pedagogy njenge inzululwazi enxulumene ulwazi imithetho elawula imfundo, imfundo kunye noqeqesho ngamnye kunye nophuhliso iindlela kangangoko zokusombulula imisebenzi esisiseko sophuhliso lwabasebenzi zobuqu.

Ukuze concretize izazi ukwahlula umsebenzi zokufundisa ithiyori nobuchwepheshe.

Ukuphunyezwa ngamnye kubo Ukwenza ubukho imiphakamo emithathu umsebenzi enxulumene.

Amanqanaba imisebenzi theoretical:

1. Achazayo okanye kucacile, apho wafunda amava emfundo phambili ezintsha.
2. Diagnostic, apho ibhaqe i karhulumente, iimeko noonobangela ngezenzeko ezihamba impefumlelwano utitshala kunye nomntwana.
3. Prognostic, ebandakanya izifundo zovavanyo utyhila ubunyani zokufundisa kunye nokufumana iindlela walenza. Eli nqanaba linxulunyaniswa indalo yemibono imifuziselo vzaimodeyatelnosti nxaxheba yobudlelwane zokufundisa ezisetyenziswa practice.

Amanqanaba imisebenzi zeteknoloji:

1. Projective, kuquka uphuhliso uluhlu efanelekileyo ngezinto methodological (neekharityhulam, iinkqubo, iinzuzo, njalo njalo. D.) Le lezibhengezo apho Liquka isiseko theoretical component pedagogy.
2. Eliguqula ezinxulumene ukuphunyezwa lwesayensi kwinkqubo yemfundo ukwenzela ukuphucula kuyo.
3. EJonga osele kwenzekile, okanye ukulungiswa, ezibandakanya uvavanyo impembelelo yophando kwezemfundo ekufundeni indlela yokufundisa, iziphumo lwazo kwenziwe uhlengahlengiso, banikwe ulwalamano yenzululwazi kunye neenkqubo.

Eyona engundoqo iindidi pedagogy

umsebenzi zokufundisa zisenokungabonakali ngokwahlukileyo ngokuxhomekeke kudidi apho ifuthe umntwana.

Nasiphi na isakhiwo sethiyori kufuneka lusekelwe umahluko ocacileyo phakathi iingcinga zemihla ngemihla kunye nolwazi lwenzululwazi. Okokuqala abhalwe imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla yokuziqhelisa yemfundo noqeqesho. Okwesibini - isishwankathelo yamava okufundisa, apho zimelwe iindidi nesigama, imithetho, iindlela kunye nemigaqo lombutho kwenkqubo zokufundisa. Ukuqulunqwa kwale nzululwazi sakhatshwa le umahluko chu iikhonsepthi waba kuyimfuneko ukuze kwakhiwe ngamahlelo amathathu kootitshala, nto imfundo, imfundo, imfundo.

uqeqesho

isayensi ujongene Modern nengqiqo 'imfundo' njenge abanawo, luphawulwa ukugqithiselwa yezembali kunye neenqobo zenkcubeko, ngazo kamva amava afanelekileyo, ngokugqithisa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana.

Utitshala nabasebenzayo:

1. Ukutshintshelwa amava uluntu.

2. Ukwaziswa kwihlabathi yenkcubeko.

3. Ingqondo of self and self.

4. Isibonelelo uncedo lemfundo xa kuthe iimeko zobomi ezinzima.

Isiphumo inkqubo lemfundo ukuyilwa nolwalamano lobuqu umntwana ukuqonda ihlabathi, amanye amalungu oluntu kunye naye.

Iinjongo zoqeqesho zisoloko kubonakala abasweleyo kuluntu zembali ukuze uqeqesho izizukulwana ezizayo ziza kukwazi ukuphumeza imisebenzi ethile yoluntu kunye nemisebenzi yoluntu. Leyo njengoluhlu lwezixokelelwano ezibonakalisa umxholo, ubume kunye neenjongo udidi lemfundo, ngawo kunye namasiko emveli ethno-kazwelonke kunye awohluke ze ukuyilwa zentlalo imbali, emigangatho ethile lwamaxabiso, kwakunye nemfundiso yezopolitiko ezizinzululwazi kurhulumente.

uqeqesho

Kwicandelo elilandelayo yi "ukufunda", apho iingcali baqonde intsebenziswano phakathi utitshala kunye nabantwana, ezijolise kuphuhliso abafundi.

umfundisi Imisebenzi:

1. Le mfundiso ukuba ukudluliselwa kolwazi, ngamava obomi, iindlela zokuphila, ngenxa inkcubeko kunye nenzululwazi ekujoliswe kuzo.

2. Khokela uphuhliso lolwazi, ukuyilwa izakhono nobuchule.

3. Ukudala iimeko nakuphuhliso lobume abafundi.

Ngenxa yoko, umongo ngolwalamano dialectical "-zoqeqesho kwezemfundo" luphuhliso yomsebenzi kunye zobuntu ngamnye, ngokusekelwe kwi-akhawunti yakhe izinto ezifunyenwe yi ubuchule Zoon.

ukubunjwa

Udidi lwesithathu ekufundiseni - zemfundo. Le yinkqubo multi-amaninzi equka imisebenzi emininzi, ingakumbi, lokusekwa abafundi ngokunxulumene zinceda abantu kunye naye; iseti amanyathelo kuqeqesho nemfundo.

Ubukho kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zamaziko emfundo kukhokelela ezikhethiweyo iindidi zokufundisa. yokuhlelwa kwazo ibonisa amanyathelo: sabaqalayo, isikolo samabanga aphantsi, isikolo phakathi, njl Ngako oko, kwicala olunentsingiselo kunye methodological kwinqanaba ngalinye ukuyilwa ezithile ... Iindidi pedagogy ubudala kokuya esikolweni babe neempawu zabo, ezinxulumene yokuba engundoqo umsebenzi ophambili ukuba umntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka 2-7 omdala ke umdlalo. Imfundo kubantu abakobu budala sisiseko sophuhliso. Ke ngoko, xa isifundo kuthatha indawo ekhokelela kubomi umfundi, intsingiselo umlinganiselo iindidi zokufundisa lohlukile.

Ngokusekelwe ngasentla, le pedagogy kufuneka ozakuthathwa inzululwazi iipateni kwakunye methodological iziseko (imigaqo, iindlela kunye neefom) noqeqesho kunye nemfundo ngamnye.

Pedagogy uthole

Unqontsonqa pedagogy, impembelelo yayo ngqo kwi umntwana ubudala kokuya esikolweni, ethile. peculiarity yayo ngenxa yobudala, kwaye ngenxa yoko - iingcinga, ingqalelo, inkumbulo, kunye iindidi zemisebenzi abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-7.

Imisebenzi ye uthole yesebe inzululwazi eziqulunqwayo malunga neendima theoretical component yaye siwasebenzisa, ukubaluleka kwezentlalo kunye nezemfundo, ebonisa imisebenzi engundoqo imfundo.

1. Ukuququzelela inkqubo ndikhuliswe kunye nemfundo yabantwana, ngokungqinelana neemfuno zoluntu mihla.

2. Funda iintsingiselo kunye nethemba izinto zokufundisa ngo-pre-school, njengenye iintlobo eziphambili kuphuhliso komntwana.

3. Uphuhliso iingqiqo ezintsha kunye nobuxhakaxhaka zoqeqesho kunye noqeqesho abantwana.

umsebenzi pedagogy uthole

1. achazayo kwaye isicelo, nto leyo inkcazo lweenkqubo ezikhoyo kunye nobuchwepheshe, ukusetyenziswa apho inkqubo lemfundo isiqinisekiso kophuhliso evumelanayo zobuntu zenzululwazi.

2. nakwiingqikelelo ezenziwayo, ekukho phakathi ukuqikelela yenzululwazi kunye nokufumana iindlela zokuphucula imisebenzi yokufundisa epriskuli.

3. converter Creative kunye, esakhiwa ngo kuthathelwa ingqalelo iziphumo zophando lwezenzululwazi kunye nokudalwa technologies zobunjineli kunye noyilo.

mbandela, iinjongo, imisebenzi pedagogy Subject zihlobene. iseti yabo kugqiba umxholo umsebenzi yezemfundo, apho kungenxa njongo iphambili yale inzululwazi, owakhiwa ekukhuthazeni uphuhliso lobuqu evumelanayo ngamnye.