Wezenzi icing: imveliso, iimpawu kunye nesicelo

wezenzi icing - zingamancedo yale mihla eya kunika cross-iindlela kwizixeko ezinkulu. Banceda ukwenza iindlela zikhuseleke, ngoxa bona ngokwabo iindlela ezahlukeneyo friendly nokusingqongileyo.

Njani zingabameli?

Inkoliso yezi zixhobo zenzelwe ukuze kuyihlisa kwindawo ukunyibilika ikhephu. Xa snow bewandlala wezenzi deicing kukhokelela ekubeni izinto esebenzayo yenza ubushushu, leyo ngokukhawuleza iyawasusa kwendlela ukuqanda zicima. Zonke mixube eqinile okanye engamanzi, ukhetho lokuqala amaninzi ezisetyenziswa kwilizwe lethu, njengokuba iye:

1. Lula ukusetyenziswa.
2. Kwakungekho mfuneko yokusebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo kunye nabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo ngokukodwa.
3. inkcitho esezantsi mali kunye kwendawo enkulu.

Ezi eziqinileyo ke zikholisa granulated kwaye ube nesakhono ngcono ekuhlanganiseni. Ngaphezu koko, ezinye wezenzi deicing olu hlobo zingasetyenziswa nokuba kwiqondo lobushushu ngezantsi degrees 30. Ezinye imixube yongezwe inhibitors umhlwa ekhusela endleleni umonakalo. Ikhephu linyibilike kwaye lula, yaye iqondo isiliphu lifinyele, apho indlela uba icocekile kwaye ikhuselekile.

kwimbali

Imfuneko yokusebenzisa reagent kwenzeka yonke ebusika, njengoko le yindlela elula yokuphepha ukuyilwa kwangethuba umkhenkce phezu ezindleleni. Ukuveliswa wezenzi anti lwenziwa ngokuhambelana abamenyiweyo, ukuze ubume lokugqibela akukho iziphumo ezibi eseleyo endalo, nto leyo ngokulula livela emhlabeni yaye umonakalo amavili. Ngenxa yokuba ubugcisa bale mihla baphucuka, kunye nobuninzi nomgangatho izinto ekrwada olukhulayo, arhente anti-icing namhlanje bayakwazi ukubonelela izicelo yokusingqongileyo kunye nokhuseleko.

Okuqaphelekayo kukuba, kodwa kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ezi zihlanganisi zitshintshile kakhulu, kwaye endaweni eqhelekileyo peskosolyanoy umxube (92% - isanti, 8% - ityuwa zobugcisa) kufika arhente anti-icing mihla. ukwakhiwa kwawo yahlukile, ngokuxhomekeke injongo kunye neendlela kwawo. Ukusebenzisa umxube peskosolyanoy ekugqibeleni waba engenakwenzeka, njengoko entwasahlobo endleleni wahlala njengentlabathi izihlangu yamanzi amdaka. Kamva kwagqitywa ukusebenzisa njenge reagent kwindawo ityuwa ngendlela elula, leyo ngokukhawuleza zinyibilike ngumkhenkce, oko ayinyangeki yiqabaka kunye namanyathelo rhoqo.

Kwelinye icala, loo wezenzi deicing - ityuwa ikakhulu zobugcisa - kwaye babe neengxaki. Kuqala kwinto zonke, ukuba zazikho umhlwa imizimba imoto, izihlangu abadlulayo-mthetho, yaye apho umhlaba anetyuwa kakhulu, nto iya kukhula.

iimfuneko zesiseko

Le yokusebenza Umgaqo abaninzi anti-ice elula: oko sitsala komisa umkhenkce njengoko kudlula ziikristale Ukwanda amanzi ziikristale ulwelo itshiswa kunyibilike zibambene. GOST ezibonakalayo ngamnye, kwakunye neemfuno zalo zobugcisa - namhlanje arhente ezahlukeneyo-icing linokusetyenziswa yonyango endleleni

1. ukhuseleko aphezulu ngasemva okusingqongileyo.
2. Akukho kakubi imali zendalo zomhlaba.
3. ukusebenza High: okt imali kungomlinganiselo omncinci mazahluke umsebenzi nkqi kuzo zonke obushushu.
4. Easy ukusebenzisa: uninzi zililo phangalala umhlaba okanye kutshizwa kuyo.

isakhiwo

Wezenzi deicing ikakhulu ziquka neetyuwa ezahlukeneyo - kloride, neekhloreyithi, hydrochlorides, leyo ziqala ukusebenza kwiqondo lobushushu kakhulu, enze ngoko nangoko. Ukusebenza wezenzi kunyuswa ziincindi ezininzi:

• kwezithako antirust;
• amacandelo biophilic aphucula umgangatho womhlaba;
• accelerators ezisebenza amaqondo kakhulu;
• baking powder.

calcium chloride

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, zingabameli anti-icing phambili ngakumbi, iimpawu zezobugcisa igalelo ukuthobela lokusingqongileyo. Kwaye ukubuyisela yeza zililo yesiqhelo eqinileyo ulwelo olusebenzayo, ekulula ukuba isicelo yaye ingabi ngamanqaku okanye endleleni, nokuba ngamavili okanye izihlangu ushiye. Kuninzi kulwelo isicelo analogs HKM leyo edla bazokwazi kancinci zinyibilike ice nokuba kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi kwaye uthintele ukuyilwa omkhenkce.

Kwelinye icala, antiglaze reagent ngokusekelwe calcium chloride waba nobubi:

1. Esebenza iiyure ezintathu kuphela, ngoko ke processing indlela kufuneka wenziwe rhoqo.
2. Izazinzulu ziye zafunda ukwakhiwa le ndlela baye bafikelela kwisigqibo sokuba xa amavili ezisetyenziswa yancitshiswa zochuku lomlingani kunye endleleni, oko kukuthi, kuvela ukuba HKM etsala ukufuma, ngoxa utyhala ityuwa zobugcisa.
3. Calcium chloride ayikho iimfuno uxanduva nokusingqongileyo, njengoko angadala allergies kunye nezithuthi layitshabalalisa netyhidiweyo.

Ubuhle nobubi

Iingcali uqaphele ukuba ngenxa iimpawu hygroscopic ngecalcium chloride wadibana kwikhephu uza kuye indlela kwaye yenza ubushushu. arhente anti-icing enjalo, iimpawu yobugcisa ezahlukeneyo kakhulu, Musani ukubaphatha kakubi kokusingqongileyo. Izinto eziluncedo ukusebenzisa le reagent protivolednogo ziquka:

• ubuchule ngokukhawuleza nangokunzulu ukungena umaleko omkhenkce;
• yokunyibilika ngokukhawuleza ice kunye nesichumiso umhlaba;
• ukuncitshiswa imikhosi ice adhesion kunye endleleni ngenxa anetyuwa ukwakhiwa;
• umsebenzi reactant echaphazela ngeendleko zayo ezisezantsi.

"Aysmelt"

Ukusetyenziswa wezenzi anti zangathi ziziikopi zezo ngokukhawuleza ukucoca izitalato umzi ikhephu. "Aysmelt" - into basis, nto leyo ukusebenza ikwiqondo lobushushu lisezantsi kangangoko degrees -20. Ukusetyenziswa kwale nto kunilungele ngenxa impumelelo yayo, ukusebenza, ukhuseleko, kwaye izicelo nkqu engceni. Esebenzisa le isakhiwo, ukumelana ngumkhenkce, a granules crystalline engwevu equka calcium chloride, sodium chloride, inhibitor umhlwa leyo efunekayo ukukhusela kumphezulu.

Ukusetyenziswa "Aysmelta"

Ukubunjwa umbandela ingasetyenziswa ngeendlela ezimbini:

1. Ukuze siphephe. Kulo mzekelo, "Aysmelt" lisetyenziswa kwangaphambili, kanye phambi kokuqala ebusika, kuba unyango ukutyabeka, nto leyo kakhulu kakhulu baboniswa esichengeni icing. Best zonke, ukuba unyango luza kwenziwa phambi kokuba kwezulu. Le into lasasazeka ngokulinganayo phezu komhlaba.
2. Ukuze silwe icing. Kulo mzekelo izinto lisetyenziswa kwi ice kumphezulu, dutywa yamasuntswana. Phambi processing, ukutyabeka kufuneka zihlanjwe ukusuka ikhephu evakalala.

Ezi zinto wezenzi deicing ilifa iimpawu ezininzi:

• kulula isicelo;
• zidliwe imali encinane;
• Kuye akukho ubunjwe izinto ezinobungozi kunye ubumdaka, isicelo echanekileyo iya kukhuseleka kokusingqongileyo, abantu kunye nezilwanyana.

zakhiwe mixture

Antiglaze kusetyenziswa Le neziyobisi ixesha elide kangaka, ekubeni akukho izinto enganobungozi kwaye akuthandayo yayo nokufumaneka iindleko. Kuba unyango nxamnye chippings indlela efanelekileyo ice iqhezu 2-5 mm, nto leyo lula ukwabela phezu komhlaba. Igranite mixture ezahlukeneyo:

• amandla;
• kwalo;
• yokusingqongileyo kunye nokhuseleko;
• nokuyibona obushushu.

mixture lenyengane iveliswa ngokukhanywa inkunkuma rocks lenyengane, emva koko zokufunda wahlolwa kwaye wahlamba - oku kuyimfuneko ukuze ahlangule ubume ukusuka lenyengane eluthulini. Kakade ke, le nto reagent ngokoqobo, kuba akukho chippings linyibilike ngumkhenkce, kodwa ngenxa abrasiveness omkhulu adhesion ezilungileyo zokufunda ice komhlaba kwaye ngokubanzi usebenziswe ngalendlela.

Peskosol

umxube Mhlawumbi peskosolyanoy - ndlela ithandwa kakhulu ukuba balahle amadama ngumkhenkce. Kuyinto indibanisela zentlabathi lomlambo kunye netyuwa zobugcisa. Ukusebenzisa le zithako Kucetyiswa ngenxa yeendleko eliphantsi kunye amathuba isicelo naziphi kwamaqondo obushushu. Lo mxube idaliwe ngokuxhomekeke bebaninzi ethile, leyo zixhomekeke iqondo ice kunye neempawu kumphezulu ngomshini. Nocikizeko ukusetyenziswa reagent kungenxa iimpawu ezininzi:

• Isanti ngenxa abrasiveness yayo ikhuthaza adhesion olungcono amavili kwezithuthi endleleni;
• ityuwa Technical iqinisekisa kukunyibilika komkhenkce, iyenza ngaphantsi mtyibilizi.

Phakathi iingenelo usebenzisa ubume - iindleko ezifanelekileyo, usebenziso olulula, inyathelo elikhawulezileyo apha endleleni kwaye usebenzise kuzo zonke iimeko. Kodwa ke kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba xa usebenzisa i isanti amabanga aphantsi, apho amasuntswana ezininzi ezincinci, oko kuya kukhokelela ekubeni nokusekwa iwuse kwisidudu endleleni. Umxube elungileyo iquka isanti iqhezu okuhlamba. Ingongoma yesibini - kunilungele ukusebenzisa ubume kuphela xa amaqondo obushushu ayikho izidanga ngaphantsi kwe-20, ngenxa yokuba ngamaxabiso aphantsi umxube iya kunamathela kunye, yaye kuya kuba nzima ukuba babele ngokufanayo.

imali ulwelo

Namhlanje ngakumbi arhente zithandwa kakhulu anti-icing ulwelo. Zisekelwe ubukhulu becala calcium chloride, kwaye injongo yawo - ukuba alwe iqhwa kwindlela ubusika, nto leyo ebangela ukuba umthamo yezithuthi omkhulu. Iingenelo ngokusebenzisa ezaqanjwa kulwelo ezizezi:

• impembelelo iphumelela yingqele;
• lula kukuhanjiswa ikhephu ngokusebenzisa ngomatshini;
• ekuqinisekiseni umgangatho wokhuseleko endleleni ;
• unikezelo olukhawulezileyo phezu komhlaba;
• lula izithuthi.

ubuchwepheshe Iimpawu

lokuqala Ithekhnoloji reagent ulwelo yasetyenziswa eYurophu, yaye namhlanje ithandwa eRashiya. Kakuhle eli inkqubo kuxhomekeke kwinto yokuba netyuwa owomileyo utyebile kunye nezisombululo esekelwe calcium chloride, nto leyo eyandisa ukusebenza kwayo. ukuchama iteknoloji kulungile ngoba:

1. Le reagent kubenge- isasazwe phezu komhlaba wendlela.
2. Le adhesion kwe ubume kunye endleleni iba ngcono.
3. Le reagent kukuba endleleni kwaye bathimba iimoto, ngokuchaseneyo izinto eziqinileyo, ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise izisombululo ulwelo endleleni ngamandla aphezulu.
4. Ukusebenzisa amanzi reagent ityuwa kunciphisa umthwalo lokusingqongileyo.

imithetho yokukhetha

Ngaphambi kokuba ukhethe-icing eziphathekayo, kufuneka siqwalasele iimpawu ezifana:

1. umthamo kwawe High. Umzekelo, calcium chloride iphumelela kakhulu kunokuba netyuwa zobugcisa, ngesidanga azinampembelelo ice ukutyabeka.
2. lobushushu crystallization okwaneleyo, esivumela reagent asetyenziselwa ixesha elide.
3. A viscosity ofanelekayo ekwakhiweni, oqinisekisa ngokhuseleko ukusetyenziswa kwayo apha endleleni. Ukuba nokwakhiwa umbandela uba chloride calcium, inokusetyenziswa nokuba imozulu kakhulu.

Khumbula ukuba wezenzi ulwelo zinempumelelo ethe kratya, ekubeni kukho ilele bomhlaba. Ngaphezu koko, ukusetyenziswa ezinjalo ezaqanjwa kunilungele ngenxa ukufana ukusasazwa endleleni, ukusetyenziswa eliphantsi olubanzi uluhlu lobushushu yokusebenza.