VA Dzhanibekov, astronaut: biography, ubuzwe, iifoto, imizobo, i-Dzhanibekov

Ikhulu lama-20 - ixesha lokugcina iirekhodi. Kwaye akumangalisi oku, kuba ekupheleni kwexesha lokunqoba kweendawo ezingaphandle, izinto ezininzi zenziwa ngokokuqala ngqa, kwaye oko kubonakala ngathi kuqhelekileyo namhlanje kubonwa njengento engavamile. Oku akunciphisi ukubaluleka kwalabo abahamba ngeyinyathelo baphazamise indlela yabo abaza kubakho kwi-worlds kwixesha elizayo. Phakathi kwabo ngu-Dzhanibekov Vladimir Aleksandrovich, isazi-mhlaba owaba ngumhlaba we-86 womhlaba owawunqoba ummandla wehlabathi. Ngaloo xesha wahamba uhambo lokuqala ngokutyelela kwisikhululo se-orbital. Ukongezelela, i-Dzhanibekov yedwa oye wahlala kwisikhundla amahlanu ngokulandelana njengomlawuli we nqanawa. Kwakhona waba ngummi wokuqala nokugqibela wase-USSR, owanikezelwa kwinqanaba lokuqala kwiklasi ye-cosmonaut. Inomdla ngumphumo ovulekileyo ngu-Dzhanibekov, owathi wanikela ukutya kulabo abathanda ukwenza izibikezelo eziphosakeleyo.

I-Dzhanibekov (cosmonaut): i-biography ngaphambi kokuthatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo ye-ASTP

Ixesha elizayo loyisa i-cosmos, isosayensi kunye nomculi VA Dzhanibekov, nee nee Krysin, wazalwa ngo-Meyi 13, 1942 kwidolophana yaseIskander yase- Kazakh SSR (ngoku iyingxenye yeRiphabhliki yase-Uzbekistan). Wafunda ezikolweni inombolo 107, 50 no-44 kwisixeko saseTashkent. Emva koko wangena kwiSikolo saseSuvorov saseNgqungquthela yeSebe loMphathiswa weMicimbi yangaphakathi, awazange aphumelele ngenxa yokutshatyalaliswa kwakhe. Ngexesha lokufunda kwakhe wabonisa ubuchule obuhle kwi-physics nakwiimathematika.

Nangona le nsizwa iphupha ngegosa elijongene negosa, akazange aphumelele ukhuphiswano kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo. Ukuze kungabi nciphise ixesha, uVladimir Krysin waba ngumfundi weSebe le-Physics yaseLeningrad State University. Nangona kunjalo, unyaka kamva wadlulisa iimviwo ukuba angeniswe kwiSikolo soKhuseleko lwezeMpi esiPhakamileyo saseYeis kwaye waba ngu-cadet wakhe.

Ngethuba wayefunda kule yunivesithi, wazi kakuhle ukuqhutshwa kweenqwelo ezinjalo njenge-MiG-17, Yak-18 ne-Su-7B.

Sebenza kwinqaku le-cosmonaut

Ngowe-1965 u-Dzhanibekov (i-cosmonaut kamva) waphumelela kwisikolo esinqobileyo waza wajoyina uMbutho wama-Air we-USSR. Wayenguye umqhubi-mqhubi ophezulu we-963 yolawulo lweenqwelo-moya. Ukulungele ukukhululwa kweenqwelo-moya zokuqhuma umqhubi we-Air Force we-USSR ne-Indiya ngaphezu kweebini.

Kwiminyaka emihlanu kamva, u-Dzhanibekov (wayephupha nje ukuba ngumdlali we-astronaut) wamkelwa kwi-bodymonaut body kwaye wayilungiselela iindiza ukuya eSolyut naseSoyuz.

Kamva, ngo-Epreli 1974, wabhaliswa kwabasebenzi beSiqendu sesithathu soPhuhliso lwe-ESA yokuqala.

Ukuya kwi-orbit

Ingqikithi iVladimir Dzhanibekov ithatha inxaxheba kwiindawo ezi-5 zokuhamba. Uhambo lwakhe lokuqala, wenza ngoJanuwari 1978 kunye no-O. Makarov. Kwisikhululo se-orbital eSalyut-6, basebenze kunye nabasebenzi abakhulu, okwakubandakanya uG. Grechko noJanenkoenko. Ubungakanani bokuhlala kwindawo kwaphela malunga neentsuku ezili-6.

Inqwelwano yesibini uLuzbekobekov wenziwa ngo-Matshi 1981 njengomlawuli weqela labaphathi be-Soyuz-39, elaliquka ummi waseMongolia J. Gurragchey.

Ngexesha lesithathu i-cosmonaut yahamba kunye no-A. Ivanchenkov kunye nomFrentshi uJean-Loup Chretien. Ngethuba le yindiza kwavela imeko yokuzimela ngaphandle kwinqanawa. Ngenxa yokungaphumeleli kwesekethe yokuzenzekelayo, i-Dzhanibekov idibanise kunye nesitishi sezithuba kwindlela yokubhala. Kwi-OS "uSalyut-7" abasebenzi abahamba nabo basebenza kunye no-A. Berezov kunye no- V. Lebedev.

UVladimir Dzhanibekov wenza isigxina esivela kuJulayi 17 ukuya ku-29, ngo-1984 kunye no-S. Savitskaya no-I. Volk. Ekujikelezeni, abasebenzi abahamba nabo basebenza kunye noL. Kizim, V. Soloviev no-O. Atkov.

Ngethuba le thumela i-astronaut yenza i-exit kwindawo evulekile kunye noS S. Savitskaya, elalihlala malunga neeyure ezintathu neyesigamu.

Ngesihlanu kunye nokugqibela kwendiza yakhe yendiza, uVladimir Dzhanibekov washiya ngo-1985. Ubungqina bolu hambo lwaluyinkqubo yokuhamba engasigxina, esingalawulwayo esingalawulwayo "iSalyut-7", eyayiyilungiswayo, eye yavumela ukuba iqhubeke nokusebenza kwayo iminyaka emininzi.

Injini yeenqwelo-moya V. U-Savinykh kunye nomlawuli wenqanawa yase-Dzhanibekov (i-cosmonaut) banikezelwa umsebenzi oqaqambileyo wale mi sebenzi kunye neendlela ezininzi zokuhamba.

Isiphumo se-Dzhanibekov

Kwesinye sodliwano-ndlebe naye, uGeorgy Grechko wathetha ngokufudumeleyo ngoVladimir Aleksandrovich, ekuqapheliseni ukuba wayeqhube uphando olunzulu kwintsimi ye-physics. Ngokukodwa, unengalo yesigxina ekufumaneni i-Dzhanibekov, eyenziwe ngexesha le-flight space yesi-5 ngo-1985.

Kuqulethwe ngokungaqhelekanga ukuziphatha komzimba ojikelezayo onqabileyo ongenamandla. Njengamanye amaninzi okufunyanwa kwenzululwazi, yafunyaniswa ngengozi, xa i-Dzhanibekov (i-astronaut) iphosa "imvana" - iimvusi ezikhethekileyo ngeendlebe, ezenza ukuba i-cargo ifike.

Waqaphela ukuba kwakukuphela nje ukubetha inxalenye ekhulayo yalezi zibophelelo, njengoko ziqala ukuphazamisa ngaphandle, kwaye ziye zanyuka intonga edibeneyo, ijikeleza, iqhube kwi-inertia kwi-gravity. Nangona kunjalo, unomdla okona mnandi awusayi kuza! Kuvela ukuba emva kokuhamba malunga ne-40 cm kunye neendlebe ezihamba phambili, ama-nut akwenza ukujika okungalindelekanga ngama-degrees angu-180 kwaye uqhubeke nokuhamba kwinqanaba elifanayo. Kodwa ngeli xesha i-protrusions yayo iqondiswe ngasemva, kwaye ukujikeleza kwenzeka kwindlela eyahlukileyo. Emva koko, ehamba ngeenyawo enye i-40 cm, umnqweno wenza kwakhona umqulu (ukujika okupheleleyo) kwaye uyaqhubeka nokuhambisa indlebe phambili nangaphezulu. UVladimir Dzhanibekov wabuyela ngokuphindaphindiweyo lo vavanyo, kubandakanye nezinye izifundo, kwaye wanikwa umphumo ofanayo.

"Intloko ye-Apocalypse"

Emva kokufunyanwa kwempembelelo ye-Dzhanibekov, inkcazelo eninzi malunga nokuziphatha okungalindelekanga kwintambo kwimeko yokungabi namandla. Ezinye izazinzulu zenzululwazi zenza izibikezelo zokuhlaselwa. Ngokukodwa, bathi iplanethi yethu inokuthi ithathwa njengebhola ejikelezayo inqabileyo, ngoko sinokucinga ukuba uMhlaba uphawula ngokuphindaphindiweyo, njengama-nati "dzhanibekov". Nokuba ixesha libizwe xa i-axis yomhlaba iphosakele: iminyaka eyi-12,000. Kwakhona nabo babecinga ukuba ixesha lokugqibela iplanethi yethu yenze i-somersault ngexesha le-Ice Age, kwaye enye enye into enjalo yayiza kwenzeka kungekudala eyayiza kubangela iintlekele zemvelo ezinzulu.

Inkcazo

Ngenhlanhla, kungekudala imiphumo eyimfihlo, eyafunyanwa nguVladimir Dzhanibekov (cosmonaut), yafunyanwa. Ngenkcazo yayo echanekileyo, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba isantya sokujikeleza "isikhala se-nut" sincinci, ngoko ke, ngokungafani ne-gyroscope ejikelezayo ngokukhawuleza, kusemgangathweni. Ngelo xesha, "imvana", ngaphezu kwe-axis ehamba phambili yokujikeleza, inamanye amabini, indawo (ngasese). Ejikeleze kubo, ijikeleza ngezantya ezenza umyalelo ophezulu.

Ngenxa yempembelelo yamanyathelo amancinci, utshintsho oluthile kwi-slope ye-axis ehamba phambili yokujikeleza yenzeka ngexesha. Xa ifikelela kwixabiso elibalulekileyo, inkonti okanye into efanayo ejikelezayo yenza i-somersault.

Ngaba kuya kuba kukho utshintsho kwicala lomhlaba

Iingcali zithetha ukuba izinto ezinjalo eziphambene neeplanethi zingasongelwa, kuba i-center of gravity "yegusha" iguqulwa kakhulu kwiziko elijikelezayo kwi-axis of rotation. Njengoko uyayazi, nangona uMhlaba awuyena ibhola elifanelekileyo, lifanelekileyo ngokulinganayo. Ukongezelela, ukubaluleka kobunzima bomhlaba kunye nexesha layo lokungena kwi-inertia vumela ukuba kungabi nakubomvu "njengeNzhanibekov nut", kodwa ukugcina uzinzo njenge-gyroscope.

Izikhokelo ezisemgangathweni zomsebenzi wesayensi kwindawo yokuhamba

Ngethuba lokuhlala kwakhe kwisikhululo sezithuthi, u-Dzhanibekov wenza iimvavanyo kwiyeza, kwi-physics yomhlaba, i-biology, i-astrophysics, i-geophysics. Wafunda kwakhona iinkqubo ezihamba ngeenqwelo zezixhobo, izixhobo zokusebenza zokuhamba, izilungiselelo ze-pharmacological, iinkqubo zokuxhasa ubomi, kwaye zavelisa iindlela zokuhamba ngokulandelelana kwimiba ephakamileyo.

Inomdla omkhulu kukuzama ukuphuhlisa uluhlu olutsha oluzinzileyo lwekotoni olude nobude beefayili (ukuya kwi-78 mm) phantsi kwefuthe lemisebe ye-cosmic kunye neemeko zokungazinzi.

Kwiminyaka elandelayo

I-Dzhanibekov ingumdlali we-astronaut (isithombe esingentla), osukela ngo-1985 ukuya ku-1988 wayengumphathi we-cosmonaut body of the TsKK. A.A. Gagarin. Ukususela ngo-1997, ngokufanayo ungo-professor-consultant kwi-TSU. Namhlanje V. Dzhanibekov uqondisa uMbutho weRussia Astronautics Museums

Awards

I-Dzhanibekov (i-cosmonaut), eyabonakaliswa ngasentla, ibonelelwa ngamagosa kunye neemedali kungekhona nje kwe-USSR neRashiya, kodwa nakwamanye amazwe. Phakathi kwabo yi "Gold Star" yeHero yeSoviet Union. Kwakhona uVladimir Alexandrovich ngumkhonto wemithetho kaLenin, iNkwenkwezi ebomvu, ubuhlobo, njl.

Ngowe-1984, i-Dzhanibekov yaba yinto efanelekileyo yokubonga ama-SSR ase-Ukrainian kunye ne-USSR. Phakathi kwamabhaso, apho i-cosmonaut yanikezelwa oorhulumente bamazwe angaphandle, kubalulekile ukuphawula "iGolide Star" yeHero ye-MPR, iSigqibo seSukhbaatar, i-State Banner (iHungary), iLegion of Respect kunye neMigodi yeGold (eFransi).

Ukuzilibazisa

UVladimir Alexandrovich unomdla kwipeyinti kwiminyaka emininzi. Nguye umbhali wemifanekiso ye-Y. Glazkov inzululwazi yencwadi ethi "Intlanganiso Yehlabathi Elibini." Ukongezelela, imizobo ye-cosmonaut i-Dzhanibekov iboniswa kwiMicrosoft Museum. Kwakhona wadala iingubo zeMelika kunye neSoviet iimpahla ezizinikezele kwiindiza ezingaphezu kwezinto ezidlulayo.

Ubomi bomntu

Njengoko sele kukhankanywe, i-cosmonaut i-Dzhanibekov (ubuzwe-isiRashiya) ekuqaleni yayibizwa ngokuba nguKrysin. Nangona kunjalo, ngo-1968 wadibana nomfazi wakhe wexesha elizayo uLilia. Le ntombazana yayivela kwintsapho yasendulo, umsunguli wayo owayenguKhan kaGood Horde, uJanibek, unyana kaKhanya Uzbek. Ngekhulu le-19 inzala yabo yaba yizona zincwadi zeNogai. Uyise kaLily - Munir Dzhanibekov - wayengenabo oonyana kwaye wayengowokugqibela endlwini yakhe. Ngesicelo sakhe kunye nemvume yabazali bakhe emva komtshato, uVladimir Alexandrovich wathatha igama lomfazi wakhe waza waqhubeka nohlobo lwe-Dzhanibekov. Esi sibini sasineentombi ezimbini: Inna no-Olga. Banika uyise oyisihlanu abazukulwana.

Umfazi wesibini weVladimir Dzhanibekova nguTatiana Gevorgyan. Uyintloko yenye yeSebe leMyuziyam ye-Astronautics yeSikhumbuzo.

Ngoku uyazi ukuba i-cosmonaut iVladimir Dzhanibekov yaziwa ngani, ibalo layo ibali malunga nendoda ezinikezele ubomi bakhe ukuba ifunde iziganeko ezenzeka ngokungazinzi kunye nokukhonza isayensi kunye nelizwe lakhe.