Uphi na ebuntwaneni Lermontov? Lermontov Biography: Childhood esakhula

Emantla-ntshona yinxalenye yommandla Penza yi kwilali Lermontov, eyaziwa ngokuba Tarkhany. Apha kuza ezininzi neendwendwe nyaka ngamnye kulo lonke eRashiya kunye namanye amazwe. Le yindawo apho Lermontov Wagqitha kwasebuntwaneni, imbongi odumileyo Russian kunye umbhali. Apha 1841 uthuthu bakhe bafumana uxolo.

Namhlanje e Tarkhany, ukongeza ukhenketho ekhokelwa, zinginginya iintlobo iinkomfa yenzululwazi kunye esebenzayo, iinkqubo kumabala emidlalo, ubuchule bokufunda nokubhala kunye zomculo, iiholide ... baye zemveli ukufunda yonyaka Lermontov.

Uphi na lo ebuntwaneni Lermontov

Museum Reserve kuthatha indawo nama-140 yeehektare yaye 3 kwisakhiwo esikhulu bokwakha:

- ndlu Manor izakhiwo ezingaphandle kunye zibekwe ecaleni Church of St Mary waseYiputa;

- Church Mihaila Arhangela kunye namangcwaba Arseniev (apha kungcwatywa imbongi);

- Apalihu estate nomtshana eziphantsi E.A.Arsenevoy M.A.Shan Giray.

Ilifa eyayicwangciselwe ngokugqibeleleyo: zonke izakhiwo nasemasimini eyenziweyo nasenzo akufanelekile kakuhle kakhulu kulo mhlaba zendalo, ngokunjalo namhlanje kwakhona yenye ezikhumbuzo ezizodwa landscape art. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-State Museum-lifa, apho esengumntwana Lermontov, ngokufutshane ngokuba Tarkhans.

Manor

Ukwakhiwa welifa kwifomu apho ikhona namhlanje, yaqala kule minyaka ilishumi yesibini kwinkulungwane XIX. Emva kokufa intombi kuphela nomntu ongumninindlu Elizaveta Alekseevna Arseneva, ngowe-1795, wathabatha ilifa Tarkhan, wayalela ukuba uyakhe imbeko kaMariya waseYiputa Church. Emva apha ekwakhiweni kwayo wabalekiselwa kwibandla zonke iindawo ezikufuphi, waba kwindawo kuzo zonke izithethe zemveli kunye nonqulo. Njalo eyathi kuye Elizabeth A. kunye nomzukulwana wakhe.

Okulandelayo kwindlu yecawa kwakhiwa umgangatho omnye, kodwa banzi kakhulu, kunye namagumbi ngaphezu mathathu, masimu ezinkulu kunye mezzanine. Oku apha wachitha ubuntwana bakhe kunye nolutsha Lermontov.

Njengoko kulindelekile, kufutshane nendlu bayibethe imiyezo namachibi, ukuba ihonjiswe iindawo kunye neebhedi intyatyambo, iibhulorho oqingqiweyo nefanitshala egadini. A phambili umganyana kude Manor wagcinwa zonke izakhiwo, kuquka umntu, umphathi wendlu, athi bhuma amaqonga, athi bhuma amaqonga, nezitali, njalo njalo Kolu lwazi, i ebuntwaneni Lermontov. Ngokufutshane sinokuthi basisa Tarkhany Connoisseur yokwenene izithethe uhlobo iintsomi Russian.

Igumbi elincinane uMichel

I sendawo, eyayibanjelwe ebuntwaneni Lermontov, umzukulwana othandekayo amagumbi eziliqela, kodwa ixesha elininzi ayichitha izithole. Zikhiwa a umbala omthubi: iindonga etyheli, isofa, armchairs - wayefana ngemini enelanga ukukhanyisa isibane. A ingubo phantsi ngokukhawuleza kakhulu yayeka ukuba ube yinxalenye yale elingaphakathi, njengoko waba indawo ekulungeleyo ukuzoba. Kubonakele imizobo yokuqala wembongi. Nanny kunye nomakhulu wakhe, Uqaphele ukuba imigudu inkwenkwe khange lilize, kwaye emgangathweni kwakukho imifanekiso emangalisayo, kungekudala waqinisekisa watercolors bakhe nephepha. Ngokuzoba umqolo wongezelela: wax ukudala ezaqanjwa zezifundo lokwenene. Siziwe So encinane sokuvalwa ehlabathini ya wena.

Esakhula Lermontov

Xa uqala kuqala, le nkwenkwe ukususela 1815 ukuya 1827 ukuze kubonakale kakhulu ikhululekile: uMichel zonke mhle yaye bamkela. Kwifoto yokuqala Lermontov njengomntwana, sibona inkwenkwe smiling kwiminyaka 3-4 ubudala kunye esongwayo ezandleni zakhe. barchonok Little, lwakhawuleza lwemka ngaphandle unina, wayethandwa ngumakhulu wakhe, ngubani na uzisole ngenxa nomzukulwana wakhe. Indlu Ulundwendwe rhoqo omnye wabalingane enkwenkwe. Kunye nabahlobo kunye nabalimi kids Michel kwakhiwe inqaba zokubonisela ikhephu, amalungiselelo imilo kunye neminye imidlalo fun.

Kodwa biography of Lermontov babungelulanga. Esakhula, nangona zonke iinzame ngumakhulu wam, ukwahlukana mar ukusuka kuyise. Ukongeza, le nkwenkwe wakhumbula akuphuhlanga kakuhle ulwandlalo unina, ukucula iingoma zakhe njengomntwana. Lermontov njalo wayibona ngokucacile elilolo yakhe. Sele ebuntwaneni bakhe waphawulwa ngenxa iminkqangiyelo umntwana uncharacteristic, oqiqayo, nomfanekiso- ebushushwini babo. Ezi mpawu imbonakalo kunokubonwa efotweni Lermontov njengomntwana, ezinxulumene, mhlawumbi, ngo-1820 okanye 1821.

Kwisakhiwo yokwakha zebandla Mihaila Arhangela

Ngowe-1826, xa Arsenyev kuthetha ukwakha itempile entsha, njengoko owayesakuba alapho. Ngelo xesha elimiselwe igama ibandla elitsha - ukuba igama emva Arhistratiga Mihaila. Kwenzeka ukuba imbongi babegcine ndimbone kodwa engagqitywanga, xa 1839, ngokufutshane watyelela Tarkhany. Kodwa apha ukuba wafumana indawo yokusabela kwakhe. Ngokutsho kwe data alondolozwe ukuya yokungcwabela ibhokisi nequmrhu imbongi ethe wakubona ukuba ndiye kubulisa ibandla Mihaila Arhangela. Ngoko isangqa ophawulwe ngobomi bakhe. ebuntwaneni Lermontov kunye yokungcwaba kwenzeka Tarkhany Wayishiya loo ndawo iphambili ebomini bakhe.

M. Lermontov wangcwatywa ecaleni unina kunye notatomkhulu wakhe. Kamva E.A.Arseneva wayalela ukuba nakha amangcwaba engcwabeni-Wena mboni, eyaba crypt Lermontov Arseniev.

Ukuba M.A.Shan Giray

Kumgama ozikilometa ezintathu ukusuka kwilifa Arsenieva enye indawo emangalisayo entle lwesihobe apho biography utsho. ebuntwaneni Lermontov kukaThixo nayo enxulumene ne ilifa umkayisekazi - Apalihoy. Apha yinkwenkwe bachitha ixesha elininzi, yaye kwiminyaka kamva yaba ngoxolo nabo bonke abemi bendlu. balibambile iincwadi zakhe, iincwadi zemisebenzi, imizobo yokuqala kunye namava zemibongo, iincwadi ezinzi ezibhaliweyo yimbongi womelele ukuvuthwa.

Avuleke ye Museum-kwilifa

Indlu Manor e Tarkhany kukho izinto ezininzi izinto imbongi kunye nentsapho yakhe. Namhlanje ke ubutyebi ephambili myuziyam kunye ngobomi wantlandlolo Lermontov. Esakhula imbongi ubonakale ngokupheleleyo ngexesha iyazazi imeko ekhaya kunye nokhuseleko nemiboniso. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• Light albhamu Morocco-kubotshwa omdaka, ihonjiswe nomkhonto, a isipha seentyatyambo bopha original nangobhedu ihonjiswe. Le album engenazo 2 sheets kunqunyulwa mhlawumbi kutheni. Kwezo 52 yee-- 42 azibhalwanga.
• Uhlelo lokuqala kwisahluko sesithathu "Eugene Onegin" ngo-1827 ukususela ithala ka Lermontov. Le ncwadi ubungakanani obuncinane (18 × 11,5 cm) kwaye kuligquma ethambileyo 51 page umthamo.
• Dark omdaka ibhokisi indlela ubungakanani Anut ka 25 × 17 × 12 cm kunye namacandelo ukuba iileta, imali yephepha. Ifudusiwe enye handle lobhedu ngokohlobo intloko kwengonyama kudonga icala, owesibini njengoko isiphatho isiciko angekhoyo.

Nokuba apha ungabona ngokomsesane wokutywina zobhedu monogram ka Lermontov kunye qokobhe lenkcenkce umdiza (imbongi thaca A.Rema), yomhla we-kunyaka 1754 Cheti of the Saints, lo inkstand yokuba imveliso yephondo, kwakunye imizobo nemisebenzi lemifanekiso kaMichel.

Imvuselelo estate Museum - yayiligalelo wembongi edumileyo

In Tarkhany apho kudlula ebuntwaneni Lermontov kaThixo, kwiminyaka yakutshanje wenza umsebenzi wokwakha elikhulu kunye nokubuyiselwa enkulu yonke ezintsonkothileyo. Oku kuye kwenza ukuba ukuvelisa umfanekiso-Pomakazi kuhlobo wona ngexesha lokuphila kwakhe. Le kuphela Ukongeza - ilitye lesikhumbuzo ukuba imbongi, eyasekwa ngo-1985 ecaleni kwendlela eya myuziyam. Inkangeleko imbongi, kuboniswa ngalo mzuzu bokucingisisa kwaye ovethe iingubo elula, ingqinelane ngokupheleleyo umoya Manor endala.