Namacebo eyakhayo izakhiwo kunye nezakhiwo

Iziqalelo yenethiwekhi ukwakha izakhiwo ezintsonkothileyo kwinkqubo. Ibizwa ngokuba engundoqo. Le nkqubo kufuneka ibe namandla ngokwaneleyo ukubonelela uzinzo ntathu nokoma kunye nokwakha. Ngelo xesha ukukhusela izinto zenzelwe ukuba ukukhusela izakhiwo evela iimpembelelo ezingalunganga physicochemical esesibhakabhakeni kunye nezinye. Nabo kufuneka ive ezaneleyo kunye neempawu usambathisa thermal. Xa uhlobo kwezikim yoyilo carrier core izakhiwo okuyimfihlo. Kamva kweli nqaku siza kuqwalasela ngokweenkcukacha.

Zeziphi iinkqubo noshowo zakhiwo zingaka?

Ukwakhiwa unakho avotayo izinto othwala. Intetho kule meko a izakhiwo frameless.

Kukho olunye uhlobo izibonelelo. Bonke kwabelwane umthwalo kwi inkqubo kwimiqolo (zeentsika). Ezi zithinteli - izakhiwo isakhelo - nazo zibandakanya izinto ezithe tye. Ezi ziquka, ingakumbi, kufuneka zihlelwe imiqadi, kwezixhaso.

Kukho skeleton epheleleyo kunye noluphakathi esakhiweni. Lo mzobo noshowo ityala lokuqala busenza ukuba amalungu nkqo kunye kujikelezo iindonga ezingaphandle kunye ngaphakathi kwisakhiwo. Kwimeko yesibini, xa isakhiwo langoku-zithwele iindonga umphandle kunye skeleton lwangaphakathi. column yakhe indawo ngodonga enkulu ngaphakathi.

Ezi izikimu uyilo esetyenziswa kwizakhiwo ngaphandle imithwalo ezibalulekileyo linamandla. Lwamathambo kunye ezinqamlezayo kwaye longitudinal - nomphandle wocango - iindonga ethwele zimelwa khona njenge bhokisi apho ngumkhinkqi lwesithuba saqinisekisa ngemiqadi nezinto ezithe nkqo. Bakha esitalini ethe nkqo nethe tyaba imbobo. Le nokoma le umphakathi kuxhomekeka ethembekileyo udibaniso phakathi imigangatho kunye neendonga kwamandla abo.

izakhiwo Frame: yokuhlela

Kukho ukwahlukana ngokungqinelana uhlobo lomsebenzi. Kwesakhiwo izakhiwo yesekethe ziquka ngemiqadi neentsika enxulumene nezidibanisi engqongqo. Bakha izakhelo longitudinal and enqamlezileyo. Ngako oko, le izakhelo babizwa web.

Nodes uthathe yonke imithwalo nkqo kunye nkqo. Kwizakhelo ingaba Svjaseva. Ngokungafaniyo umphakathi ezinjalo yangaphambili iindawo babe ukuqina eliphantsi. Kuyimfuneko ke ngoko ukuba ziquka iilinki ezongezelelweyo nokwamkelwa umthwalo tye. Njengokuba bemi, njengoko umthetho, zinonxibelelwano, kusenziwa uvalo. Ukuba adlulisele imithwalo zilaliswe ngecala iintolo ilifti, waqinisa ngeendonga zekonkrithi, iindonga kwi stairwells njalo-njalo. Kwakhona kulo mkhuba zokwakha ezisetyenziswa ezidityanisiweyo uhlobo izakhelo - isakhelo-Svjaseva. Nangona kunjalo, olu khetho alukho ngendlela eqhelekileyo njengabanye. Kulo mzekelo, elinye icala wabeka isakhelo, kunye nezinye - unxibelelwano.

Iimpawu ze ukwakhiwa

Izikim uyilo zithandwa izakhiwo yoluntu kunye Svjaseva elimele. Njengokuba material kulwakhiwo ngakumbi eziphathekayo nensimbi kuphuma. Esi sakhiwo ephantsi-ukunyuka isoloko isetyenziswa ngezitena okanye umthi. Namhlanje ke ukwakhiwa eqhelekileyo lweziqalelo-ntathu. Kulo mzekelo, ukwakhiwa isakhelo lithatyathwe iindawo basarha ibhokisi-like. Faka lonke iteknoloji isetyenziswa kulwakhiwo eziphakamileyo kwezakhiwo ezinkulu zikarhulumente zokuhlala.

izakhiwo-enomgangatho omnye

Iskim noshowo kwezakhiwo mveliso yale hlobo ziquka intsimbi okanye imiqolo eziphathekayo. Bona, kunye iziqalelo enkxaso isakhelo ezinqamlezayo. Ukongeza, usebenza kuzo zonke iintlobo zamacandelo longitudinal izityalo. Ezi ziquka, ingakumbi, kuquka izinto ezifana nendwe, ezweni namanqwanqwa ezinqamlezayo, podstropilnye ifama, kwakunye ezahlukeneyo uqhagamshelwano. Lwakutsha nje kuqhotyoshelwe amacandelo ahlukeneyo, kwaye yonke kukwisakhelo uzinzo lonke lwendawo nokoma.

Phakathi kwezo ntsika olubekwe kumgama othile. Ibizwa ngokuba linyathelo eliya kwicala longitudinal nobude - umnqamlezo. Imilinganiso zezi imigama lidla ngokuba igridi of columns. izakhiwo ezinemigangatho prefabs ziyinto eqhelekileyo ekwakheni zolimo nezeefektri.

lwakhiwo lunokuthi luqulathe ngesinyithi okanye ngakumbi skeleton eziphathekayo nokwaleka kunye neendonga. Oluphambili kuquka izinto nkqo - kwiikholam kunye tyaba - kwezixhaso, imiqadi, kwezixhaso.

Awona macandelo yokuqala neyesibini bakhonza ukuba ngokubekwa Iizilebhu ezifikelela kunye nezakhiwo nophahla. Kwakhona phezu ngemiqadi izixhaso nomoya ziyaxhonywa zize skylights, xa kukho imfuneko. Amathambo uba wonke umthwalo lwangaphandle ukususela ubunzima ukutyabeka kunye nezakhiwo zawo; lifumana crane oxwesileyo kwaye nkqo, kwakunye uxinzelelo lomoya ebambeleyo phezu kodonga. Kuba izakhiwo ezisetyenziselwa iinjongo zezolimo, njengoko umthetho, izinto eziphathekayo. Izakhiwo industrial ngezipani ayi-30 okanye lomqolo ngaphezulu buhlanganiswe: i truss zentsimbi kunye nemihlathi - okugunyaziswe eziphathekayo.

izakhiwo Multi-ezinemigangatho ngeenjongo zemveliso

izakhiwo ezinjalo, luninzi isixhobo-ekwenziweni, imichiza, ukutya, umbane kunye namashishini efanayo. Izithinteli engundoqo iquka ngemiqadi imiqolo. Bakha isakhelo eDibanisa okuninzi kunye ezalathelwe uphuhliso engqongqo.

zicwangciswe ngaphesheya ubume Le miba. Kwi-longitudinal ulwalathiso ngqongqo kwezakhiwo ezinikwe ukuxhumana zentsimbi le. Bona efakwe kuyo yonke imiqolo lwemihlathi embindini macandelo abangakumbi. Inani kwiindibanisela ziyahluka ukusuka ku-1 ukuya 3-4, kwaye kwezinye iimeko nangakumbi. imilinganiso zazo 12, 9 no-6 m.

imiqadi umqadi ayangenana imigangatho ephezulu, ububanzi i-18 ne-12 m. Kwakhona, kuba ezi njongo, ifama, neepleyiti nangesigqubuthelo ezifanayo kwizakhiwo elinye bali-. Ukuphakama imigangatho ingaba 3.6-7.2 m kunye kwezidalwa zonke m 0.6.

injongo Izakhiwo izindlu Multi-ezinemigangatho

Ezi izakhiwo zingenziwa kweentlobo ezintathu: a zodaka carrier, isakhelo-and-panel frameless. Last wafumana zisasazwe okhethekileyo. Kwindoda e amathambo zezakhiwo abe ubukhulu 5.6 kunye nomgama 6 m (pitch) ecaleni amaziko kwiikholam - .. 3.2 no 3.6 m ukuphakama komgangatho ifakiwe, kuxhomekeke ngenjongo yokwakha. Kuba Izakhiwo zokuhlala kunye neehotele - 2.8 m.