Umthunzi-umthi hlathi: iimpawu kunye nenkcazelo emfutshane

Kuzo zonke ngeebhayom nxalenye inkulu kummandla welizwe lethu elo hlathi. Amawaka km saa emahlathini ongemhle of ziluhlaza Conifers. umthunzi kuphela umthi enyamezelayo hlathi enako ukugqithisa isixa elingonelanga ukukhanya nobushushu, ukuze uphawu kulo mmandla.

Iimpawu Izityalo hlathi

Isiseko kwezityalo hlathi siquka zemithi coniferous. Bona owomeleleyo kakhulu kwimozulu ebandayo, luphawulwa ehlotyeni elifutshane frosty ebusika elide. Imihlaba emkhenkceni nzulu ngokwaneleyo, akukho xesha ukushushubeza ukwenza ntoni ehlotyeni, ngoko ke idla ngaphantsi umaleko ongaphezulu ke permafrost. ihlathi Coniferous Ulaneka ngonaphakade nge emathafeni, imigxobhozo, iinduli kunye neenduli. Poor, umhlaba engazaliyo ligqunywe ikhaphethi moss. Phantsi kokulwa izithsaba umthi phantse Ungaze ulingene imitha yelanga, ngoko akukho amatyholo, akukho zengca phantsi olu phahla phantse abandi.

Umthunzi-imithi hlathi

A phawu olulodwa lwamahlathi coniferous na umhlaba, hayi ahlanganiswe izakhi kunye nomgquba. Isizathu sesokuba imithi conifer ukuphalaza iinaliti zabo akuxhaphakanga njalo, kwaye ichaphazela ukwakheka komhlaba. Ukungabikho umoya kunye nokungabikho kwelanga phantsi kwemithi kudala ukufuma eliphezulu. Good iimeko ezikhulayo kwezi moss ekwaziyo ukufunxa izixa ezikhulu zamanzi, ezikhokelela kwiindawo zokuxinana kwamanzi kunye nja- abekwe.

Kukholelwa ukuba emthunzini kakhulu komthi enyamezelayo hlathi - a nespruce. Kodwa kwakhona ayizukunyamezelwa kakuhle kakhulu nemisipres kwelanga kwemfuneko nemisedare. kwelanga ngqo kubo nje yintlekele. Ezi zityalo iintlobo ezonakalisayo, okt. A. Nakuba kunjalo kwi "ri ricece" ngenxa yayo umthunzi-ukumelana, baye bakwazi ukuba bathabath eminye imithi.

nespruce eSiberia

Kuyinto umthi ebukekayo ukuba unalo elichanekileyo cone olugqibeleleyo kunye incam elibukhali. Nespruce ikhula ngokumangalisayo phantsi isinyuko oxineneyo eminye imithi. Elifutshane, iinaliti omnye zicwangciswe ezinabantu kakhulu kwaye Zinokuphila zide zibe neminyaka 7. Enkosi kubo, angawamasebe badla phantse ungaphoswa imitha yelanga. unzima kakhulu kwi ukufuma komhlaba kunye nokwakhiwa yayo yi umthunzi enyamezelayo komthi hlathi. Nespruce akayi kukhula ezomileyo kunye namahlwempu nokwakheka komhlaba. Le peculiarity yale mithi na uvakalelo lwabo phezulu ukuya iqabaka, ezithi zenzeke entwasahlobo emva kwexesha, emva kokuba umthi weKrismesi uye ukukhulula amahlumelo abaselula. lula ukuba zonakele ngenxa yeqabaka kunye owomileyo.

Ehlathini nespruce phantse akukho ezinye iintlobo umthi zingakhuli ngenxa shadowing olomeleleyo. Kwangaxeshanye, yitya alondolozwe kakuhle. Liyinyaniso elokuba, imithi ikhula ephantsi, ngaphandle efana iambrela, Uwuthwesile umkhala, ugobela ngakulo amasebe awo, apho ibekwe phezu iinaliti ezityebileyo ezinqabileyo. Xa kwelanga zaneleyo imveliso zomgquba, phantse akukho nomthi osandul 'ukutyalwa kuveliswa, nto leyo eyenza ukuphuhlisa imithi. Loo isityalo kunzima ukugqiba yobudala. Uboya-umthi, nto leyo ingaphantsi kwe ukuphakama akhule, kungenzeka kube yiminyaka engama-50 okanye 70. Kuyinto umthunzi ukumelana umthi hlathi, 3 oonobumba igama apho lonke engekakwazi umntwana, igqalwa omnye izityalo ezininzi eziqhelekileyo amahlathi zethu.

waseLebhanon

Le umthi onamandla, maxa wambi ukuya kutsho ku-40 ubude kwaye isithsaba onabileyo encopho eziliqela. Amasebe anxibé elide, eqokelelwa iinyanda amaqhosha 5 iinaliti umbala esiluhlaza bumnyama. Famous for izixhobo zomsedare yayo ezikhula ngesiqhelo kwinxalenye oluphezulu isithsaba. Umthi elipheleleyo kuzisa ixesha lokuvuna cone ukuya ku 1500 ngexesha ngalinye. amantongomane Pine - izimuncumuncu ngokwenene abemi abaninzi ehlathini. Zizinto iimpuku eyondliwe emkhumbini kunye nezincinane, kunye nezilwanyana ezinkulu, ezifana, ngokomzekelo, Brown Bear. Ukudala indawo yokuhlala ekhuselekileyo, izilwanyana abaninzi basebenzisa iingcambu enamandla ukuba umthunzi enyamezelayo umthi hlathi. Emigodini ombiwe iimpungutye, minks, iimbila, phantsi ukusasazeka imisedare endala Ungafumana imali enkulu. Engxakini ukuba lo mthi kuphela xesha fruiting kwenzeka kuphela iminyaka 40-50. Ukuze ufumane imithi yeziqhamo, abemi hlathi kufuneka wenze ukufuduka ngokwaneleyo enkulu.

Ukukhulisa kwi yehlathi nezinye iintlobo ezininzi of imithi zizityalo ukukhanya-onothando ngaphezulu. Kwezi, ziyakwazi ukuchongeka kuphela fir njengoko umthunzi enye komthi wokunyamezela hlathi. Olive, esetyenziswa isitishi shelterbelt Nechernozemie, kunye nezinye amatyholo, ezinde, Aspen, makwazeke kuni nonke larch kunye nompleyini - bakhetha kakuhle nelikhanyiswe, iindawo enelanga.