Nitrogen izinyo mass

Nitrogen iphathelele iqela 15 (ulwahlulohlulo endala - ukuya iqelana engundoqo iqela yesihlanu) kwexesha 2 kwi-7 lonyanzeliso kwi Periodic System of Elements, kwaye ephawulwe nitrogen N. izinyo ubunzima yi-14 kg / Mol.

Nitrogen njenge into elula kukuba phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo igesi dihydric egalelwe ngokungabi akukho umbala, akukho incasa, akukho ivumba. Le igesi iqulathe inxenye Umoya ojikeleze umhlaba. Ubunzima molekyuli ye nitrogen ilingana no 28. Igama elithi "nitrogen" ngesiGrike lithetha "ezingaphiliyo '.

Indalo, i zegesi iqanjwa izinto ezineeathom ezilinganayo ezinzile, apho ubunzima izinyo le nitrogen 14kg / Mol (99.635%) ne-15 kg / Mol (0.365%). Ngaphandle ojikeleze umhlaba oko ifumaneka ukwakheka amafu sukube, kwi-atmosfere solar, isithuba oluphakathi kwi iiplanethi kwabanye, Uranus, njalo-njalo. Yeyona yesine kwisixokelelwano elanga ukuze emveni izinto ezifana hydrogen, helium, ioksijini. Okwenziwe avelisa izinto ezineeathom ezilinganayo radioactive, apho ubunzima izinyo ye-nitrogen - 10 kg / Mol yaye ukuya 13kg / Mol, yaye ukususela nge-16 kg / Mol 25 kg / Mol. Bonke kuba izinto-yinto yomzuzwana. Eyona iyizinzise ngayo izinto ezineeathom ezilinganayo apho ubunzima izinyo le nitrogen 13kg / Mol, abe imizuzu elishumi nesiqingatha-ubomi.

Indima begazi yale igesi likhulu, kuba yenye yezinto ezingundoqo apho nucleic adityaniswe, iiprotheni, nucleoproteins, ngokuba yiklorofili, ihemoglobin, kunye nezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo. Zombini Isotope ezinzileyo nitrogen, yaye ingqimba izinyo yi 14kg / Mol kunye 15 kg / adla ababandakanyekayo nitrogen ukutya. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, ixesha elikhulu nitrogen esisigxina ezinamaphepha izinto eziphilayo, "ufile" izinto eziphilayo kunye kwamaqondo eparticulate ezilwandle kunye neelwandle. Nangaphezu koko, ngenxa yokubola kunye ukubola iinkqubo nitrogen aqulethe, nitrogen-equlethe organic iidipozithi organic bayazibhijabhija ezifana, umz, nitrate.

Nitrogen atmosfera unako ukumbopha luwuphendule uhlobo ukutya, umzekelo, iikhompawundi Ammonium, malunga 160 entlobo Cya, ubukhulu becala owakhiwa a nama izityalo aphezulu, ewanika nitrogen isichumiso, yaye ngakumbi ahambelana nokuhanjiswa lokutya lufika izilwanyana ezitya izityalo kunye nezidla.

Phantsi kweemeko laboratory, nitrogen ifunyenwe ngokuhlanganisa ammonium nayitrayithi yokubola. Isiphumo umxube zegesi ne-amoniya, ioksijini kunye nitrogen oxide (I). zokuhlanjululwa yenziwa ngokugqithisela umxube ngenxa ngokusebenzisa isisombululo acid sulphuric kuqala, ngoko sulfate yentsimbi (II), yaye emva koko phezu ubhedu eshushu. Enye indlela ayizuze elabhoratri ibandakanya ukuwela oxide zobhedu (II) ammonia, kubushushu malunga 700 degrees Celsius.

Yandile industrial nitrogen afunyenwe ngokugqithisela umoya phezu coke eshushu, kodwa akwenziwanga imveliso ecocekileyo, kwaye kwakhona umxube, kodwa iigesi zobunene kunye carbon dioxide, ebizwa ngokuba "umoya" okanye "okungenisa" igesi. It is a ekrwada ekufanisweni iikhemikhali amagama kunye nepetroli. Kwakhona, ukusuka 'wenkunkuma "igesi initrogen ukuze iqokelelwe, kuba le ukufunxeka lwenziwa carbon monoxide. Indlela yesibini ukuvelisa nitrogen kushishino - neyanamhlanje iqhezu komoya engamanzi.

Kukho izixhobo ezifana yokuzahlula negesi inwebu kunye adsorption. Reception-nitrogen-atom, kungcono kakhulu ngakumbi esebenzayo ngaphezu eziphilayo, afanelekileyo, umzekelo, ukuba asabele phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo kunye phosphorus, isalfure, iarseniki, metal. initrogen zisetyenziswa kakhulu kushishino benza nezichumiso, iziqhushumbisi, amayeza, idayi njalo njalo. Kushishino petrochemical kwawo ziyashenxiswa imigca, khangela umsebenzi wabo phantsi koxinzelelo. Xa isakhiwo zemigodi ngoncedo bayo ukudala phakathi dubulo-ubungqina bume sam, caphukisayo ukuba rock namabandla. Xa elektroniki ukuba eyivuthele amabandla, apho mthethweni igcwala incinane yi oksijini equlethwe emoyeni.