Ukunyamekela imbewu yepilisi. Ukutshala ipepper kwiimbewu: ukulungiselela imbewu, umhlaba

Ukutyala nokunyamekela imbewu ye-pepper e-sweet are not processed complicated processes, kodwa bafuna ulwazi oluthile lokufumana izinto ezinokomoya ezinokutya kunye nezomeleleyo.

Ukulungiselela imbewu yepilisi yokutshala

Imbewu yebolgi yaseBulgaria iqala ukuhlwayela ukususela ngoFebhuwari ukuya phakathi koMeyi. Yonke into incike kwindawo yokukhulisa izityalo. Kwifestile yokufudumala eshushu kunye nefestile, imbewu ihlwayelwa phakathi kaFebruwari, kwaye kwindawo engabonakaliyo yokushisa isityalo esona sityalo senziwa kakuhle phakathi kukaMashi. Imbewu ye-pepper ecolileyo kwiminyaka emithathu ilahlekile ukuhluma, yingakho ihlelwa kuqala kwaye isuswe ifakwe. Ukuqinisekisa isityalo esomeleleyo esinokusebenza, ukulungiselela imbewu, umhlaba kufuneka uqhutywe kwangaphambili.

Zininzi iindlela zokuphucula ukuhluma kwembewu. Okokuqala, ukulinganiswa kwenziwa, ngexesha apho iinqununu ezinkulu kunye nezona ziphezulu zikhethiweyo, eziqulethe izitokiselwano ezinomsoco. Ukwenza oku, kufuneka bahlanjululwe imizuzu emininzi kwisisombululo se-sodium chloride, esilungiswa ngokuxuba i-1 ithispoon yetyuwa nge-1 kwiglasi yamanzi. Yonke into ixutywe ngokupheleleyo kwaye ihlaziywe. Ukuhlwayela, sebenzisa kuphela imbewu ehleliweyo, ehlambulukileyo ngamanzi acocekileyo kwaye omisiweyo.

Ukuhlambalaza kunye nokukhuthaza ukuhluma, ukuhluma imbewu, imizuzu engama-7 kwisisombululo esifudumele se-3% se-hydrogen peroxide okanye imizuzu engama-30 kwisisombululo se-potassium permanganate, esilungiswa ngokuchithwa kwe-1 g ye-potassium permanganate nganye nge-100 ml yamanzi kwindawo yokushisa, okanye ulungiselelwe okhethekileyo, umzekelo, "Ecosile" .

Ukuphucula ukuhluma, unokwenza udibanise iintsuku ezimbalwa kwiimvula ezifudumele, ukushisa okuvela kwi-+25 ukuya kwi-30 degrees Celsius. Ukwenza oku, ukwanele ukumboza iphepha lefayili okanye ukucoca kwisiqulatho, phezu kwayo ukubeka izinto zokutyala, ezimanzi ngamanzi. Landela ukunyuka okuqhubekayo, amanzi kufuneka abe ncinane ukuze imbewu ingaphuli. Emva kokuba bathengise iprokslyutsya, bamele bomeke baze bahlwaywe ngokukhawuleza kwiiglasi okanye kuluhlaza.

Abanye abagadi bamanimi abaxhamlayo bazama ukuqina kwembewu. Oku kuyimfuneko ukwenzela ukuba izityalo zihlengahlengiswe kwiqondo lokushisa kwixesha elizayo. Imbewu ehlumayo ifakwe kwimitha engama-60 kwisiqandisiso, isuswe kwaye igcinwe kwiqondo lokushisa li-2 iiyure. Ukusetyenziswa okunjalo kuqhutyelwa amaxesha amathathu.

Ukukhethwa komhlaba kunye nesitya kwiingcambu

Ukunyamekela kakuhle imbewu yeepilisi kuxhomekeka kakhulu kumgangatho womhlaba okhethiweyo, omele ukhululeke, utyumle kakuhle umswakama. Ukuze uzilungiselele umxube, udibaniso lwebala elibomvu elincinci elinemithombo yokutshala engavumeluble, amaqabunga, ukushisa okulumileyo, i-turf, umhlaba, i-sawdust encinci, isihlabathi esinyeneyo, i-perlite, i-humus, umquba wegadi kunye ne-biohumus ingasetyenziswa. Ingongoma ebalulekileyo kukuvalwa kokusetyenziswa komhlaba ukusuka kwisiza apho izityalo zentsapho yaseNightshade zikhulile ngaphambili, ukwenzela ukuphepha ukhuseleko lwezityalo kunye nezifo zentsholongwane kunye neepilisi. Emva kokulungiselela umxube, kuyimfuneko ukuyikhubaza nge-solution encinci ye-potassium permanganate.

Kukho ubungakanani obuhlukeneyo bokuqokelela umhlaba:

1. Umlinganiselo we-5: 1: 4 i-humus, i-peat, umyezo wegadi okanye i-turf. Unokusebenzisa umlambo wesihlabathi.
2. Umlinganiselo we-1: 3: 1 umhlaba we-sod, i-peat kunye ne-humus. Kule nconywa kucetyiswa ukuba udibanise i-mineralsphate 10 g, i- nitrate ye-ammonium 1 g, ityuwa ye-potassium 5 g ngokusekelwe kwi-1 kg yomhlaba.

Kuya kuba kuhle ukukhula izithombo kwi- costrate substrate . I-Peppers, ukutyala kunye nokunyamekelwa kwezilwanyana ezingafaniyo nokunyamekela izityalo ezihlwayelwe kumxube oqhelekileyo womhlaba, ziya kuziva zikhulu.

Ungongeza i-hydrogel emhlabeni, eya kukunceda ukugcina umswakama ube ngcono. Ngenxa yale njongo, iibhola, eziye zavutha ngamanzi kwangaphambili, zixutywe nomhlaba. Ukuba ama-pellets asetshenziselwa omile, aya kushenxisa umhlaba kwi-container ngexesha lokuvuvukala.

Ukulima izithombo, iibhokisi ezincinci, iikomityi zeplastiki okanye izimbiza, iiseli ezineepallet, iipilisi zamapayipi, izimbiza ezineembobo ezantsi zifanelekile.

Inketho efanelekileyo kakhulu yokuhlwayela imbewu yiphilisi yamapayipi, apho kulula ukuyithwala izityalo ngexesha lokutshintshwa okanye ukukhetha.

Ukutyalwa kwembewu yepilisi yezityalo

Iingxowa zizaliswe umxube wehlabathi kangangokuthi i-2 cm ihlala ephezulu yombhobho. Xa utyala izithombo kwiibhokisi zenza iindonga zokhuni zokhuni kwi-1 cm ephakamileyo, kunye nexesha eliphakathi kwemigca ye-5 cm. Umgama phakathi kwembewu kwimilo i-2 cm emva kokuhlwayela, bafefa ngomlinganiselo omncinci womhlaba.

Ukuze uchithe ixesha lokutshintshela amahlumela amancinci, imbewu iyongezwa kwiikomps okanye iiseli ngabanye.

Isitya esineembewu ezihlwayelwe emhlabathini kwithuba elithile, de ivelise izithombo, zifake kwindawo efudumele kufuphi nebhetri, zifake i-polyethylene okanye iglasi ukwenzela ukunciphisa ukukhuphuka kwamanzi. Yonke imihla, kufuneka uhlolisise umhlaba ebhokisini, ukuze kungabikho ukoma. Ukuba unyango lokuqala lweepilisi lwenziwe, amahlumela okuqala avela emva kweveki. Emva kokususa isikhokelo sokukhusela ukuze ukhuphe ukugqithisa nokutshabalalisa amahlumela.

Ukushisa okugqibeleleyo kunye nokukhanya

Ukunyamekela kakuhle imbewu yepilisi kukugcina ukushisa okufanelekileyo kule nkcubeko, ephuma kwi-+24 ukuya kuma-26 degrees Celsius nasebusuku ukusuka kwi -15 ukuya kwi -17 degrees Celsius.

I-pepper, ilanga libaluleke kakhulu, ngokungafani nokukhanya okubonakalayo. Ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo, kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba yiphi iwindi inokukhanya ngakumbi, apho kufuneka ukhule khona izityalo. Iphepsi ehlangothini lwezantsi ikhula kakuhle.

Ukukhanya okungeziwe

Kodwa akusoloko ikhona izityalo zokukhanya zendalo. Utamatisi, ukunakekelwa kweepelepele kufuneke okufanayo, ngoko kwimozulu eshushu, unokwazi ukukhanyisa izityalo kunye nezibane ze-fluorescent. Umgama ukusuka kumphezulu we-seedling kwisixhobo sokukhanyisa kufuneka ube ngu-15 cm. Emva kwexesha, isibane kufuneka sikhutshwe kwiimbewu ezikhulile. Isityalo sifuna ukufikelela kwiiyure ezingama-20 zolukhanyiso olunjalo.

Imbewu yezityalo

Ukunyamekela ngakumbi imbewu yepilisi inxulumene nokukhethwa kwezimbewu ezinamandla kunye ezinkulu ezitsalwa kwiipoteni ezihlukeneyo. Oku kunika izityalo ezininzi indawo yokuphuhlisa kwaye zikulungele ukutyala ngokulandelelana kwindawo evulekile.

Dive izityalo, xa zikhulayo ii-2 ezincinci zamagqabi, zenzeke kwiiveki ezingama-2-3 ukusuka ekutyala imbewu. Ukwenza oku kuqhutyelwa, manzi umhlaba kwaye emva kweeyure ezingama-2 ususe amahlumela, owunqumla kwisithathu kwisithsi somsi. Isityalo ngasinye sityalwe kwiphothi enye okanye esinye isitya.

Ukunisela

Emva kokuvela kweentsuku ezintathu zokuqala umhlaba awunamanzi. Ukunyamekelwa kwezilwanyana zepilisi kweli nqanaba kutyiliswa ngexesha elifanelekileyo, usebenzisa i-sprayer elula. Ngokufika kwamagqabi atyhulayo, izithombo zixutywa ngamanzi, iqondo lokushisa elingu-30 degrees Celsius.

Musa ukuluhlaza umhlaba kakhulu, ngokokuba ukunyamezela okungaxakaliyo kungabhubhisi umonakalo wezithombo ngeganga elimnyama, xa inxalenye yengcambu yokubola. Kwimiqondiso emancinci, ukunakekelwa kwembewu yepilisi kuncitshiswe ukuyeka ukunisela, ngoko umhlaba ufafazwe ngomlotha okhuni okanye kwisanti e-calcined. Kwakhona, ukuphuphuma umoya ngokufanelekileyo kuyimfuneko ukuvumela umhlaba ukuba wome.

Ngaphantsi kwebhodi nganye okanye ibhokisi kufuneka ibe ngumngcipheko wokuhamba kwamanzi.

Ukutya kwezityalo

Kuphuhliso oluqhelekileyo, kufuneka ukondle ipepper yaseBulgaria. Ukunyamekelwa kwezithombo ezinxulumene nesichumisi, kufuna okungenani amaxesha amane. Xa kuvela ezimbini zala magqabi, ukugqoka okuphezulu kuqhutywe ngesisombululo esifumaneka ngokusuntshisa i-15 g yeetyuwa ye-potassium, i-10 g ye-carbamide, i-40 g ye-superphosphate kwi-10 ilitha yamanzi afudumeleyo. Elinye ilitha lalo londlo lanele izithombo ezili-10.

Isilwanyana sesibini senziwa emva kweveki ezi-2, kuphela ekulungiseleleni isisombululo, amaxesha angaphezu kwe-2 ngaphezulu kwe-superphosphate.

Ukuphucula ngcono inkqubo yeengcambu, izithombo zixhaswa nge- potassium humate preparation, 25 ml ye-arhente ihlanjululwa kwi-10 ilitha amanzi. Xa amaqabunga angama-6 avela ngexesha lokuhamba, ukutya okunomsocoko kwenziwa, okuquka ubhedu, i- sulfate yesinyithi, i- orthoboric acid, i-manganese sulfate, i-zinc.

Kubalulekile ukuba ungavumeli izityalo zikhule kwaye zityalwe ngexesha elivulekileyo.