Yintoni na ke ubumbaxa ilizwi? inani

igama ngalinye intsingiselo lungelelanisa. Le nto uyicamngce engqondweni yakho xa sisiva okanye uyifunde.

Umzekelo, ingqiqo ezifana "yasekwindla igqabi ukuwa".

Amanye amagama lungelelanisa intsingiselo enye. Umzekelo, i "igqabi" - ithokheni ekhethekileyo. Kodwa "Ukwindla" - into yokuba ama-. Omnye wabo - kanye ngexesha lonyaka, kunye nezinye - eli xesha ebomini bomntu xa eqalisa ubudala. magama abizwa ngokuba multi-kakhulu.

Le ubumbaxa lo gama

Le mbono lungelelanisa, ngawo ukuthini isakhono amagama abonisa nesenzeko ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo ehlabathini. Le ilandelayo yimizekelo ezinjalo:

• Azure - inxalenye yentsimi wadibana ngamanzi (eselunxwemeni lolwandle); emhlabeni, amazwekazi (lunokusolwa eselunxwemeni); ukulahlekelwa ukuzeyisa ( "unxweme abone" - ixabiso ephathekayo).
• Height - ubude nantoni bottom-up (ukusuka ukuphakama ekukhuleni kwayo); ubude ngokuthe nkqo ukusuka kwindawo ukuya kwenye (ubude nophahla lwangaphakathi); indawo ngaphezu ezithile, induli (uthathe ukuphakama); lekhono (ephakeme); kwizinga tone audio (kwezwi); ekwaneziseni iimfuno ezininzi yengqongqo yona imiqathango ( "Wavuka ukuya sihlandlo kule meko" - Pilot).
• Le hero - indoda ababonisa ukuzinikela ukusindisa abanye (imfazwe hero); lowo imangaliseke nomnqweno sixelise (iqhawe ixesha lethu); i oyinhloko imisebenzi yobugcisa (amaqhawe kwinoveli).

• Soul - umongo ophila kumzimba wenyama (kwesinye lemiphefumlo) ; ihlabathi engaphakathi yomntu ( "umphefumlo uphela ufuna '); uhlobo Human (ishawa ezilula okanye ububanzi); ngungqondongqondo ityala (umphefumlo umzabalazo wethu); wonke owuthandayo (umphefumlo); abantu, ogama inani iguqulelwa (abantwana abantu abathandathu); serf (ikhazi - ayi-isiphango); isibheno kwelinye iqela ( "Ndixelele, umphefumlo wam"); uchulumanco ( "umphefumlo ithatha"); bureaucrat ( "umphefumlo iphepha"); ienjini (entliziyweni); dude, imincili okanye isithukuthezi, elangazelela (ukwenza ngaphandle umphefumlo, ucula nomphefumlo).

Le ubumbaxa lo gama kuthetha uphuhliso lolwimi. Ukutya iintlobo zeemeko kunye neemeko, elinye igama, ekhokelela kuseko yeentsingiselo ezongezelelweyo lungelelanisa.

Le amandla ngentetho, kwelinye icala, kukhokelela ugcino kwezixhobo lungelelanisa, yaye kwelinye icala, ubungqina iimpawu zomntu ezifana acinga nolahlo ngokubanzi.

Le ubumbaxa amagama (Upelo neempawu) imele umanyano amaxabiso ezininzi in ngesandi esinye.

intsingiselo zezafobe amazwi antsonkothileyo

Ezinye iintsingiselo ilizwi abaphathwayo. Mu kuya kwa nshita ingqiqo ngqo, ukuba aphakamileyo yaye kwakheka kwi isiseko salo naliphina ukufana kunye wokuqala. Ngokomzekelo, igama elithi "ibrashi" ixabiso ngqo - isandla, eyayizalwa zibe ngamasuntswana alo. Ezi semantics uthuthela kwezinye izinto ukuba into yonke equlathe amaqhekeza ngamnye: ipeyinti brush, neqela seediliya.

Le ubumbaxa lo gama lu dityanisiwe nezinye izinto kweelwimi lungelelanisa. Umzekelo, kunye nezithetha-ntonye

• Bloody Sunset (ebomvu);
• amanzi ice (umkhuhlane);
• sawo umlilo (eshushu);
• umbala ezesintu (green);
• pearl amafu (emhlophe namona gray);
• crystal ingqibelelo (lele);
• isidlo ukukhanya (non-okunesondlo);
• Ukunxila (eqhubekayo).

Isichasi (a phenomenon apho amagama anentsingiselo eyahlukileyo) Kwakhona enxulumene nale mbono, ebizwa ngokuba 'ubumbaxa zelizwi. " Amagama enikwe ngezantsi zingasebenza njengemizekelo oku:

• zingenamaphiko - ubuntu izinto ezinqwenelwa;
• sekukudala - indoda elungileyo;
• mass angenabuntu - ubuntu eqaqambileyo;
• yamandla aqingqiweyo - ububanzi azikhethele;
• ntshikilelo lowukulu - a mamandla abatheni.

Dlulisa amaxabiso ifomu

Ugqithiselo lwamaxabiso, apho kukho ubumbaxa amazwi, iifom zolwimi ngokusekelwe ukufana, umzekelo, ngohlobo lwe:

• umqhagi ikama - sifuba ezintabeni;
• yocingo pole - yintsika eluthulini;
• imilenze umntwana - imilenze itafile;
• Madotyeni - intloko kweenwele;
• irhengqa, ngokuba ukuvuna - inyanga Crescent;
• ngumlilo olenyayo - umlilo yasekwindla;
• ubumnyama zobusuku - ebumnyameni engqondweni;
• Ring finger - Garden khonkcweni;
• nomqhele wobukhosi - isithsaba izihlwitha phezu kwentloko yakhe;
• khanya - kwamehlo ukukhanya;
• Kude kude nobukumkani - ubukumkani yokungazi.

amaxabiso ukudlulisa umbala

Ukubukela iintlobo ngeziganeko, abantu phawula ukufana bezinto umbala. Le nkqubo kwakhona kukhokelela ukuvela amaxabiso eziphathwayo.

isikweko

Le ubumbaxa elithi ulwimi Russian elicebisa ithuba kusetyenziswa iindlela zokuvakalisa ezobugcisa. Kuxhomekeka indlela dluliselo kufezwa amaxabiso kwahluka tiga Isafobe synecdoche.

Isikweko - kuthetha ulwimi ecacileyo, nto leyo luphawulwa ukutshintshwa amaxabiso Ukufana uhlobo, umbala, okanye ezinye iimpawu uphawu:

• umbala - yasekwindla segolide;
• ngendawo - umsila-moya;
• yi umsebenzi - izisuli imoto;
• ekubumbeni - iincopho;
• uhlobo isenzo - uqhwithela lokulila.

Makhe sihlole umbongo ebhaliweyo iintshukumisa lwemizobo Perova "angalinganiyo Marriage".

Amaso iinyembezi emehlweni lusizi akho

Khanyisa ku satin esidleleni.

Kwaye ke amakhandlela umtshato

Báqhusheke ulonwabo esifubeni sakho.

Lo mfanekiso buhlungu kuya kusinceda kuphononongo lwesafobe njengendlela yokuthetha.

Xa umgca wokuqala walo mbongo kuba isikweko - "Rosinka". Eli gama intsingiselo "amathontsi amanzi phezu ingca kunye amagqabi." Kodwa akukho ingca, akukho amagqabi kumfanekiso apho, yaye ilahla - kuphelisa umtshakazi engonwabanga. Kule meko sisebenzisana uthelekiso ezifihlakeleyo - isikweko.

Isivakalisi sesibini isafobe - eli gama "ezinamagqabi", apho ngelo ngelaphu, kwakhona, akukho. Kukho intombazana-umtshakazi, izidlele ogama (izidlele), xa kuthelekiswa ne intyatyambo, noxhamla ubuncwane.

Ngaphandle izikweko kwesi sivakalisi sinawo walithiywa "satin". Le nkcazelo iquka ingqiqo yokomfuziselo lokomfuziselo, oko kukuthi, ibiza oko. Eli gama linentsingiselo yokoqobo "eyenziwe anencasa soft kwithishyu." Kwaye ngokunxulumene "ezinamagqabi esidleleni 'lisetyenziswa ngokomfanekiso.

Epithets efana kakhulu izikweko kumsebenzi yabo yahlukile kwabo ukuba izichazi kwaye uphendula umbuzo othi "yintoni? yintoni? yintoni? Ntoni? yintoni? Ntoni? "Njalo njalo. D.

Izikweko - izibizo okanye izenzi. Isivakalisi yokugqibela yale arhente kubonakaliswa "yakhe yokungcwaba", nto leyo linentsingiselo ngqo - ". Inkqubo yokungcwaba mntu uswelekileyo" Noko ke, kulo mfanekiso ubonisa mzuzu wedding. Ngoko ke, lo gama libhekisela kwinto na, ke ngoko, linentsingiselo yokomfuziselo. Ngoko ke, umbhali uthi ntle ngonaphakade nethemba bakhe bonwabe, oko kukuthi ukutshata intombi yakhe. Mhlawumbi kangaka liphuzu ethetha karhulumente umfana, wababalwa ekunene lomtshakazi.

tiga

intsingiselo yomfuziselo lisekwa ukuba adjacency bezinto, oko kuthetha ukuba ilizwi uyakwazi ukubonisa kuphela into 'abo' okanye nesenzeko, kodwa ezinxulumene ngandlel 'ithile. Le ilandelayo yimizekelo metonymies ukwenzeka xa edluliselwa neentsingiselo:

• abantu kulo ndawo: "lonke abaphulaphuli webhali."
• Ndikunye izitya e imixholo: "nditye yonke nembasa."

• Ekubeni ezibonakalayo ukuze imveliso: "Isilivere wam mnyama."
• Ngenxa amazwi ngenkxaso yakhe: "Le Ngokwentetho wacula bendlela zakhe ngokugcina."

Ngaloo tiga Inkqubo ikhuthaza apho Upelo neempawu kuyilwa (ntonye ukungacaci).

synecdoche

ixabiso transfer Indlela ukusuka kwigama elinye ukuya kwenye inxalenye igama endaweni wonke okanye icala kuthiwa synecdoche. Ngokomzekelo, igama elithi "umlomo" linentsingiselo yokoqobo - ". Umzimba umngxuma phakathi imihlathi eliphezulu kwaye asezantsi a ophilayo" intsingiselo zezafobe kuwo - inani labathengi entsatsheni ( "I emlonyeni asixhenxe ukuze ondle").

Synecdoche livela kwezi meko zilandelayo, ixabiso transfer:

• Iingubo, amaqhekeza iimpahla, ukusuka into umntu, "Heyi, umnqwazi, eze apha."
• Ekubeni isinye ukuya isininzi, "Stalingrad waseJamani aphulwa."
• Ngenxa isininzi ukuya kwisinye: "Asinako ukunyuka abantu abanekratshi, Ndiya kuhlala apha emnyango."

Ukuvala banzi amanani

Le ubumbaxa yegama Russian ekhulisa ukutyhubela iinkulungwane. Ekuhambeni lophuhliso kukho izinto ezintsha ehlabathini. Ukukhetha, zinaso ngamagama abo. Umzekelo, oku kuyenzeka ukuba zibizwa ngokuba amagama esele zikho ngolwimi. ethwala ngaphambili ebizwa kuphela iinqanawa ezinkulu edada olwandle. Kwakukho moya, yaye eli gama lithetha kwakhona zabo (airliner). Loo nkqubo ixabiso ulwandiso. Kukho kwakhona isenzeko esahlukileyo - ukulahleka ilizwi ezinye kumaxabiso - ukuvala.

Ngokomzekelo, kanye igama elithi "ibandla" omkhulu nje enye intsingiselo - 'ilungu bexhobile unit Ezomva lotshaba, "Ngaba enye intsingiselo -' lweli ngentshukumo." Ekubeni ilahlekile ngokupheleleyo ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwakukho licuthe semantics.