Tyurkskiy Kaganat

Tyurkskiy Kaganat owayekho kwiminyaka 552 ukuya 745. Le meko ibisekelwe kummandla Central Asia. Izizwe zamandulo zamaTurkic zimanyene kunyaka 460. Ashin - omnye zezizwe Huns - wawa phantsi kwamandla wesizwe Jujan yaye bafudukela zeAltai ukusuka eMpuma Turkestan. In zeAltai oko wayakha umfelandawonye abantu bemveli, abo bamkela igama "Turk". Ngo-545 le hlanga oyisiwe izizwe Uighur, ngo-551 - Jujan ngokwabo. Bumyn (inkokeli zamaTurkic) ibhengeze ngokwakhe a Kagan.

Ku 555 g izizwe zonke, nokuhlaliswa e Central Asia, kuquka Yenisei Kyrgyz kunye Khitan e Western naseManchuria, baye yoyiswa izizwe zeAltai Union. GHQ Hagan bafudukela eliphezulu Orkhon, apho umbutho kwasekwa Orkhon Turks.

Kule minyaka 560 ngurhulumente satshatyalaliswa Ephtalites. Kwaye kwangoko kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane 6 Tyurkskiy Kaganat woyisa imeko kumantla Chinese of Qi Zhou waza ke waya kulwa ne Iran ukwenzela ukulawula i-Silk Road. Iphulo ngempumelelo nxamnye Iran kuvunyelwa 571 ukwandisa imida karhulumente. Ngoko ke, i Tyurkskiy Kaganat baqalisa ukuhlala intsimi ukuya kwi Amu Darya, yaye kwiminyaka 588-589. urhulumente bajoyine imimandla eyahlukileyo kwibhanki yayo kwintshona. Ngo 576, i-Tyurkskiy Kaganat wathabatha ilifa Bosporus, yaye ngo-581 wesiwa zokungqinga of Hersonissos.

ukukhula ubutyebi kunye namandla begazi, lo mnqweno iklasi ukulawula imimandla oyisa ngokwawo, kwabangela zembujiswano wezepolitiki. Uye waqhubeka zikarhulumente 582 ngu 603 iminyaka. Isimo sibe sibi uphazamiseko kwimicimbi yangaphakathi kwabalawuli eTshayina (ukusuka Sui Dynasty). Ngenxa yoko, urhulumente waba zahlulo ezimbini: East (Central Asia) kunye Western zamaTurkic Khaganate (Central Asia).

Kwinxalenye esempuma karhulumente ukwandisa impembelelo kuMbindi Asia. Nangona imithetho Hagan Hall. Kwiimfazwe kunye China irhuluneli wayezithethelela begcinelwe ukuzimela karhulumente.

Okulandelayo Hagan - Eli - wayetyelela amathandathu anesixhenxe ukuya eTshayina. Ngenxa yemvukelo zezizwe bawuthobele yimiphumela despotism karhulumente, Eastern zamaTurkic Khaganate woyiswa kwimfazwe ne-China ngonyaka ka 630. Ngenxa yoko, abantu baseTurkey kwimpuma zibe phantsi kwamandla labalawuli Chinese. Le mvukelo 681 negalelo ukuvuselelwa ngurhulumente omtsha.

Ukwandisa imida ye-Eastern Khanate akwazi Qapagan. Ummandla urhulumente ukuba olule ukusuka naseManchuria ukuya Syr Darya. Babewenza maphepha kunye Samarkand. Nangona kunjalo, abantu baseTurkey boyiswa kwiimfazwe kunye Arabhu kwiminyaka 712-713.

Bilge Kagan kunye nomntakwabo Kyultegin waluthethelela ukuzimela karhulumente yabo iimfazwe kunye uBukhosi Tang kwaye abazayamanisa nayo yi States. Emva kokufa Bilge zikarhulumente yaqala feuding. impixano yangaphakathi kwakhokelela ekuweni baseMpuma-zamaTurkic Khanate, emhlabeni ukuba kwakukho Uighur karhulumente. Wawuqala 745 ukuya 840 g

Inxalenye ntshona Khanate xa abalawuli Shegue kunye Tone Yabgu zathabatha kwintsimi enkulu e- Central Asia. urhulumente Limited Amu Darya kunye Tarim. Bet karhulumente ntshona Hagan elise Suyab. Kulo nyaka 630, nomzabalazo etroneni. Le mpi yaba imfazwe elide. Kule ngxabano kwakukho imibutho emibini lesizwe - nushibi kunye isicheme.

Kagan Yshbar Hilash wabahlula urhulumente kwi "iintolo" ezilishumi. Le ngokutsha lerhuluneli bazama ukuphelisa ukulwa zembujiswano kunye. Noko ke, nokulwa.

Ngomhla kummandla Khanate Western zihlaselwa ngumkhosi Chinese kwiminyaka 658-569. Ngo 704, urhulumente yakwazi ukuzikhulula kumagunya Chinese. Kodwa ke ayehlasela izizwe zasentla, kwakunye nongquzulwano zangaphakathi kubangele ukufa ngurhulumente kunyaka-740.

Tyurkskiy Kaganat yayibaluleke kakhulu ukuyidibanisa izizwe zamaTurkic awayengabemi Eurasia.