Shindand, Afghanistan: inyathelo emkhosini, iifoto

Yintoni na ke sixeko sikhulu Shindand e Afghanistan? Yintoni na impi iyenziwa? Ngale mibuzo neminye siza kuphendula kweli nqaku. Shindand liziko dolophu kunye yesithili Shindand kwiPhondo Gerant omi Afghanistan lizwe. Ibisekelwe kwisiza yesixeko Iranian aphakathi kwe Sabzevar.

incazelo

Wonke ummi Afghanistan Shindand yaziwa njenge isixeko esihle. Esesiphelweni yomntla isikhululo seenqwelo-moya yabekwa enkulu (civil kunye emkhosini), esi OKSVA umoya fleet ngexesha Afghanistan beMfazwe (1979-1989.). Namhlanje kuwo ibekwe ngamandla umoya American, imikhosi anti-Taliban Afghanistan kunye nomanyano Italian.

Intuthuko Shindand (Afghanistan) livalelwe kwindlela umsesane, nto leyo ke inkxaso-mali ye-mandla Iranian kutshanje babekwa umda (yonke Western) ne Iran, Afghanistan. Afghanistan Army ikhuthaza kwikliniki yonyango ezamahala ukunika unyango abahlali ombaxa. Indawo, isixeko ibekwe esesiphelweni entilini Zirka - elinye iziko poppy ezinkulu kwintshona Afghanistan.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba anokuvela encinane eentloko ezaxhobela Soviet e Afghanistan (OKSVA) - igama elisemthethweni zamaqela USSR Armed Forces ibekwe kude 1989 kwiRiphabliki Afghanistan.

Forces kunye neendlela

Yintoni eyaziwayo Shindand (Afghanistan)? Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba iphondo Herat yaqukwa kwi kwindawo iluxanduva 5 ngenjini Guards Division ( "PPD" isixeko: Shindand kunye Herat) OKSVA kwaye waba ingongoma kwindawo yayo esisigxina.

imikhosi Ground kunye esebenzisa lalingamashumi:

• 101 esinenjini Rifle webutho (Balkh);
• 12 esinenjini Rifle Guards (Balkh);
• 371 th esinenjini Rifle Guards (Shindand);
• 1060 th zokudubula butho (Shindand);
• 650th kwesimo Ibutho eyahlukileyo Prague Order Aleksandra Nevskogo (Shindand);
• 68 eyahlukileyo sapper-zobunjineli Guards nomkhosi (Shindand) kunye nabanye.

butha

Abantu abaninzi abakuthandi ukucinga iifoto Shindand (Afghanistan). Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba kwixesha ukususela ngoJulayi 1980 ukuya ku-Epreli 1984 kweli phondo Herat, kwi counties ka Shindand kunye Herat, umsebenzi imikhosi lwabucala "Cascade" (imikhosi kwiiyunithi zemfundo eneemfuno ezizodwa ze-KGB), "Karpaty-1", "Karpaty".

Iinkqubo zokusebenza ezibalulekileyo iingalo emanyeneyo imisebenzi ukufaka ukrepzony "Kokarev-Sharshara" ezaliswe wangaphambili iindawo weentaba kude emdeni kwindawo Iran-Afghanistan, kwimeko apho ukufaneleka ozakuzo bya isikhokelo OKSVA compound.

Yindawo le ekwafikela moya igqampe ukuhlaselwa Committe endleleni eya kwiindawo entabeni amaphondo Herat kunye namalungu extra bazisa kunye namaqela OKSVA. Ngoko ke, ngokuba emkhosini inkqubo "Trap" jikelele ngo-1986, kwiphondo Herat, ngoAgasti 19-25 ababandakanyeka:

• 149th esinenjini Rifle webutho Yabalindi kunye 201st zithuthi Rifle Division (Kunduz);
• 345-th eyahlukileyo iparashute emoyeni butho (Bagram);
• 28 zokudubula webutho yovukelo 40 Army (Shindand);
• emideni Ottoman-bazarsky ksape.

Air Force

Njengoko amajoni ukuba kummandla Shindand (Afghanistan), walwa? Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba ngeenjongo zokuhamba, intsebenziswano kunye OKSVA ibutho ekulweni kumadabi ababandakanyekayo: moya ubukrelekrele, ukuhlasela, umlweli-bomber. Iinkokheli uMkhosi waseMoyeni osekwe kuko Army 40 kukwaquka isicelo lokuhlaselwa bombing (BAS).

Umyalelo we-40 Army kwiphondo Herat ukusebenzisa umoya leeyunithi umoya:

• 17 eyahlukileyo butho ksapy (Turkmen SSR) - Airbase uMariya, a webutho, Kol N. Romaniuk;
• 302-th eyahlukileyo ntaka butho - iphondo Herat, Shindand Air Base;
• 303rd eyahlukileyo ntaka butho - iphondo Herat, Herat umoya isiseko;
• 335th Helicopter butho eyahlukileyo - iphondo Nangarhar, Jalalabad Air Base;
• 378 th Attack Aviation webutho ezahlukeneyo - iphondo Parwan, Kandahar, Bagram, Kandahar;
• 50 Aviation webutho eyahlukileyo elingumxube Kabul-moya;
• 200th Aviation eyahlukileyo Ukubetha kwadingeka - Shindand terminal;
• 154th Fighter-bomber butho eyahlukileyo - Kandahar terminal;
• 378 th Aviation webutho, ukubetha eyahlukileyo - Shindand indiza.

Lisango lezulu

Uyazi, ukuba kukho Shindand Airfield (Afghanistan)? Iifoto yenjongosenzi ithiwe thaca apha ngasezantsi. Enyanisweni, lo terminal ibekwe kufuphi Shindand, kwintaba ephakame 1158 m ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle. Kuye mayixhotyiswe moya 2700 x 48 m I EIA-302 (separate ntaka butho - "Mi-8Mt", "Mi-24 'ukuba ziqhotyoshelwe" MI-6 "). Wenza kwintshona Afghanistan. Zone of zigcwalisa: ububanzi - ukusuka kwamanye amazwe eSoviet (Turagundi-Kushka) ukuya emazantsi kwiriphabliki - entlango Gerishka, Zaranj, Lashkar Gah (Loshkarevki) yaye emva koko, xa obunga - Iran ukuvula i entabeni Chaghcharan.

Ngowe-1986, December 22, ukwakhiwa 302nd EIA phantsi kobunkokheli uLieutenant Colonel Shvetsova iye endaweni yayo "Alexander abamnyama amakhulu" kunye bagqiba umsebenzi elikwinqanaba "Wild Division Shvetsova" ngo-1987, ngomhla we-23 Oktobha.

Namhlanje Airbase ikwasetyenziselwa ukuxhasa amandla inter-yobuhlanga zokhuseleko (ISAF). Ngelo moya, I-838 is efakwe kwaye expeditionary iqela leengcebiso le United States Air Force. Iqela lithabatha inxaxheba ISAF kunye NATO Training Mission e Afghanistan.

In Shindand ngayo kwakhona iphiko wesithathu Afghanistan National Army Air Force.

Operation "Trap"

Kuyo nayiphi na isixeko imisebenzi zomkhosi Shindand (Afghanistan) obebandakanyeka? Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba ngowe-1986, ngo-Agasti 18-26, imikhosi yiSoviet e Afghanistan wenziwe usebenze kanzima codenamed "Le Trap." Yaba iphulo elikhulu-scale air-phantsi iingalo zidibene, eyayibanjelwe kwiphondo wasentshona Balkh. Injongo izicwangciso ngokuhlangeneyo kunye nemisebenzi OKSVA imikhosi semi-ezisemthethweni Isidlo (Ministry of Internal Affairs, Ministry of Security State and BC Isidlo), ukuze ayichithe imizimba ngokubonelela logistics kunye neeyunithi ilungu inkcaso Afghanistan lwezigalo "amaqela United Western 'ezaziwayo-kakuhle umhlaba alimwi Ismail Khan.

Intshukumo lwaqhutywa ngezigaba ezithathu phezu phambi imimandla ntaba nezihlambo ezihamba umda ne Iran, kummandla weentaba Sharshara okwilizwe Balkh endala. Kumathafa samanqanaba okuqala kunye yesithathu yokusebenza ezigudileyo ngaphandle kwiindawo ezikufutshane Herat, kumalungu amaqela asekuhlaleni entabeni ukoyisa kwindawo isiseko "Kokarev-Shayshari" - into ebalulekileyo ehambayo kunye nenkxaso indawo kwi nomda Iran.

Lo msebenzi ibonwa omnye kakhulu ngempumelelo imisebenzi emikhulu-isikali edityanisiweyo-iingalo encwadini yeembali OKSVA idabi Afghan (1979-1989 gg.).

ibutho

Ngu ukusebenza inxaxheba kunye neeyunithi OKSVA "Western": 5 zithuthi elihamba Guards Division, ibekwe kwiphondo Herat, i 149th zithuthi Rifle Guards (Kunduz) kunye 345th indize iparashute Guards ezahlukeneyo (Bagram), obanelisayo imikhosi Air Force of airbases Shindand, Kabul Bagram, uMariya (Turkmen SSR) kunye Jelalabad. Ukususela ilanga eganiweyo Isidlo 17 elihamba Division, 5 vehicles Brigade kunye nabanye.

Ukufa moya ukuhlasela "Su-25"

Ngoko ke, sele ukwazi ukuba Shindand Air Base (Afghanistan) kwi impi yathatha inxaxheba. Intsebenziswano kunye nemikhosi emhlabeni phambili amajoni wenza moya ukuhlasela "Su-25" oshap 378th wayisusa evela Airbase Shindand. zabo esinye sazo ukubetha zaye sineenjongo ezingatshabalalisa konxibelelwano zobunjineli kwi umgca osecaleni ne Iran - kummandla "Kokarev-Sharshara" indawo isiseko, yaye ingcinezelo kwamanqaku lutshaba badubula.

Kwangaxeshanye, izixhobo anti-moya si kai-23-4 kunye ezahlukeneyo MANPADS utshaba ngokuqhubekayo wavusa impendulo ejoliswe umlilo onjalo. Ngowe-1986,-23 Agasti, i MANPADS British Blowpipe (evuthayo "umhlaba-to-moya") kunye porubezhnye umhlaba Iran yahlaselwa ukuhlasela "Su-25" oshap 378th, ikhokelwa ngu Captain A. G. Smirnovym. IBhodi ngeli nqanaba kwi izintlu zedabi iphambili kwaye liphuma emanzini.

Le ndiza waqalisa ukujija kuluhlu ukususela elahlekile ulawulo kwaye lwapheliswa. Umqhubi unako ukuba u-, yena asuswa ngehelikopta ukusuka kwindawo lokuhlala.

isikali

Xa usebenze kanzima kwiphondo Herat (1986, ngoAgasti 18), webutho, umphathi elimisiweyo amaqela aphambili. Amaxhwele obeye injongo ukuchaza yezobuntlola kunye nabasebenzi 24 ngaphezulu self-ekhokelwa, ekhokelwa yi-Hari Rud emlanjeni ebhedini.

Injongo kwesigaba tyaba yeli phulo yayikukubonelela ukhuseleko kunye vehicles imiqolo ezihamba izithuthi kwi track "Kushka - Herat - Kandahar", zithwele emkhosini, impahla wokunceda iliso e Helmand kunye Kandahar amaphondo.

Ukubetha Iraq abaqhubi kwakufuneka asuse ummandla Herat nxamnye notshaba ndiwatshabalalise izibonelelo Mujahideen. Le iindiza iiveki eziliqela. Xa kugqityiwe ukutyeshela ezigqithisileyo ezivela Kandahar kunye Shindand waya isikrweqe namajoni wenyukela ntaka emoyeni. Top ubonakala ngokucacileyo, njengoko umsebenzi omkhulu.

Isiphelo 5-1 Guards. MSD ukusuka ikampu evela Shindand - Herat - Turugundi - Kushka waqalisa, ngokungqinelana neshedyuli, Januwari 29, 1989. Ukusondeza phandle SME PP 371, PP 101 ngeSMS. Isiphumo ukwahlukana yaphela ngo-1989, ngoFebruwari 15. Xa indawo unit deployment esisigxina waba Kushka.