Scientism - yintoni na le nto? Yintoni scientism kunye antiscientism?

-Sobulumko André Comte-Sponville wathi loo scientism - ". Ububhanxa esiyingozi 'a Yinyaniso le? Ukuba ngokwenene kunjalo? Ziziphi iimpawu eziphambili scientism kunye antiscientism? Makhe ukufumanisa malunga noku.

Scientism - it ...

Isiphelo XV - ekuqaleni XVI kwiinkulungwane eyaziwa eYurophu njengoko Ixesha High Renaissance. Ngeli xesha, izinto ezifunyaniswe ezinkulu geographical, kukho yenkcubeko revolution zenzululwazi. Iziseko ubudala sele nokonakala ezingqondweni zabantu, ukuba indawo umbono omtsha ngokupheleleyo kwi olujongwayo lubonwe. Kwaba lelo xesha ke apho scientism.

Eli gama livela scientia elithi Latin, nto leyo ithetha Russian "inzululwazi esisiseko, ulwazi olusisiseko." Scientism - eli hlabathi, leyo inzululwazi umthombo esisiseko ulwazi olukhulayo lwelizwe. Uninzi lufikelela kwi XIX-XX iinkulungwane, ingakumbi ngexesha wotshintsho yenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe.

Abaxhasi le ngcamango ingqalelo zenzululwazi zendalo kunye nobugcisa kuphela echanekileyo ebizwa inyaniso. Igama "scientism" luqhele ukusetyenziswa kunakuhlanga negative bagxeki izimvo. Ngokwahlukileyo kule ndawo lufakwa antiscientism omkhanyelayo anyukele nesayensi kuya isikhundla lonqulo, understating ukubaluleka kwalo eluntwini.

Kakuhle eli Umba

Ixabiso eliphezulu ethatha scientism - isayensi. Yeyona nto kuphela ulwazi lokwenyaniso, kuba negalelo ekusombululeni iingxaki ezibalulekileyo womntu. Ulwazi olufunyenwe kwezinye iindlela ziphosakele ezingeyonyaniso. Scientism - kodwa kuphela noqhelaniso zabantu kangangokuba akukho yimiqolo ezithile kunye nenkqubo inkolelo ecacileyo.

Stsientisty iyayithanda inkqubela yenzululwazi kunye impumelelo. Gatya intanda njengoko ndlela iqinisekileyo ukufunda. Ngokutsho kwabo, inzululwazi onika ubomi intsingiselo, Iphendula eyona mibuzo ezintsonkothileyo. Ihlela ihlabathi elisingqongileyo, kangangokuba kwenza kucace futhi ihlelwe. Oku kukhokelela kwimpumelelo. Stsientisty aqiniseke ukuba amaxabiso zentlalo nenkcubeko ivela inzululwazi. It lisibeka uphuhliso lwabo. Abaxhasi lo bulumko bakholelwa ukuba zonke iinkalo zobomi kufuneka ibe 'onauchit "ubomi zoluntu kufuneka kuphuculwe ukuba kulunge yakhe.

ukugxekwa

uphuhliso lobuchwepheshe ekhawulezileyo nje imbeko ngabayo, kodwa leya. Ngenxa ukuthandwa scientism kukho omnye umba ichasene ngokupheleleyo kulo. Abalandeli bakhe bakha ulwazi oluvela kweminye imithombo: bulumko, ubugcisa, inkolo. Antistsientisty awukholosanga inzululwazi kunye ukungafunwa, esithi kuchatha bayo uze wenze ububi. Bakholelwa ukuba ezinye impumelelo kunokukhokelela ukutshatyalaliswa uluntu, okanye abangele ukuba umonakalo noqhekeko. Oku kuquka, umzekelo, kuphuhliso physics yenyukliya okanye uphuhliso yokunyibilikisa isinyithi yokulihlambela emoyeni.

Mood antistsientistov ezahlukeneyo. Abanye zinxulumene inzululwazi ngokupheleleyo ekuchaseni uphuhliso kwalo mgaqo. Amanye amaphepha. Bavume ubukho inzululwazi, kodwa ungayibaxi indima yawo. Ke akukhathalwa njenge oluncedisayo kunokuba element ezisisiNyanzeliso ebomini. Abachasi bathi scientism, umdlalo ayikho kuphela izibalo echanileyo indima ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso lwabantu, kodwa kumava, iingcinga zenu kunye intuition.

isiphelo

Scientism kunye antiscientism bulumko enze njengoko iingongoma ezimbini ephikisanayo. Science ngenene mibuthoinganceda ngobomi bomntu, ukuba ibe nempumelelo nohlumayo. Ngelo xesha ke kufuneka ukuba bathabath 'kwezinye iinkalo ulwazi. Zombini ezi mbono enganyamezekileyo ngokwaneleyo uye ukuzibaxa izinto. Abalandeli inkqubela sixabana izazinzulu. Ngokomzekelo, kanye uRutherford wathi: "Inzululwazi yahlulwe zemvelo isitampu ukubuthwa." Efakwe sesikwenzile "Knowledge - amandla" stsientisty ukuqinisekisa omnipotence kunye nemfuneko kweyobunzululwazi.

iqela bakholelwa ukuba uphuhliso lobugcisa imiphefumlo wobubi. Measuring ifomula yonke, amanani, zokuhlelwa, umntu ulahlekelwa icandelo okudala ebomini, romance yayo Ukungaqiniseki. izimvo Antistsienticheskie inokufumaneka ababhali ezininzi nephupha. Ezi iinoveli badla ocaciswe izinto ezimbi inkqubela, ngenxa apho abantu baphelelwe ubuntu babo nokuzimela.