Shredinger Ervin: izibakala umdla, engobomi, ukuvumbulula, iifoto, kuchaphulo olu. cat Schrödinger kaThixo

Erwin Schrödinger (iminyaka yobomi - 1887-1961) - yamachiza waseOstriya, owaziwa njengomnye wabaseki ubucukubhede quantum. Ngowe-1933 wafumana ibhaso le-Nobel physics. Shredinger Ervin equation Ungumbhali engundoqo kweli candelo non-relativistic ubucukubhede umyinge. Yinto namhlanje eyaziwa ngokuba Schrödinger nxaki.

Imvelaphi, kwiminyaka yokuqala

Vienna - isixeko esazalelwa, abantu abaninzi ezibalaseleyo, kuquka yamachiza omkhulu Erwin Schrödinger. biography emfutshane bakhe kunye nexesha lethu umdla omkhulu, ingabi kuphela ngezangqa zenzululwazi. Uyise yayinguRudolf Schrödinger, usomashishini kunye yezityalo. Unina intombi unjingalwazi wasekuhlaleni Chemistry, University of Vienna. Yaba nenxenye Englishwoman. Kanye njengokuba umntwana Ervin Shredinger, ifoto apho uya kufumana kweli nqaku, bafunda IsiNgesi, yena wayesazi, kunye waseJamani. Umama wakhe yamaLuthere, noyise - Katolika.

Ngowe-1906-1910 GG., Emva kokugqiba kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, wafunda i Shredinger Ervin Gazenerlya F. kunye F. S. Eksnera. Eselula waba nomdla imisebenzi Schopenhauer. Oku kuchazela abafundi umdla wakhe bulumko, kuquka kwimpuma, theory umbala kunye imbono, Vedanta.

Service, umtshato, unjingalwazi umsebenzi

Shredinger Ervin waba ligosa zokudubula kwisithuba ukususela ngo-1914 ukuya 1918. Ngowe-1920, Erwin watshata. Umfazi wakhe waba A. Bertel. Umfazi wakhe elizayo adibana e Zeemahe ehlotyeni ka 1913, ukuhlola bathwalwa xa uphuma, ezinxulumene umbane komoya. Emva koko, ngo-1920, waba ngumfundi M. Wine, owayesebenza kwiYunivesithi Jena. Emva konyaka, Shredinger Ervin waqalisa ukusebenza e Stuttgart, apho waba uprofesa. Kamva, kwangolu 1921, wafudukela Breslau, apho wayesele uprofesa ngokupheleleyo. Xa ihlobo Erwin Schrödinger waya kuhlala Zurich.

Ubomi Zurich

Ubomi mzi waba luncedo kakhulu ukuba sisazinzulu. Isibakala sokuba kuphela inzululwazi uthando ukunikela ixesha Ervin Shredinger. izibakala umdla ubomi sisazinzulu ziquka uthando lwakhe iihambo Ukuskiya anyuke intaba. Kwaye ke iintaba ezikufuphi, wamnika ithuba elihle ukuhlala Zurich. Ukongeza, Schrodinger wayethetha noogxa bakhe Paulem Sherrerom, Peterom Debaem kunye Germanom Veylem, owayesebenza Zurich Polytechnic. Konke oku negalelo umsebenzi lwezenzululwazi.

Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha Erwin wachitha e Zurich, waba labenzela ithinzi yi sisigulo kakhulu ngo-1921-22. Le Isazinzulu wagula nesifo sephepha yemiphunga, ngoko wachitha iinyanga 9 ZaseSwitzerland, kwi iiholide kwidolophu Arosa. Ngaphandle koku, le minyaka Zurich ngobuchule yaba echumayo kakhulu Erwin. Kwaba apha wabhala imisebenzi yakhe phezu ukukhanda yomtshangatshangiso, ebe Classic. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba kakhulu Weil wamnceda ukuba ukoyisa iingxaki zemathematika ezifunyanwa Erwin Schrödinger.

Schrödinger equation

Ngowe-1926, Erwin elalipapashwe kwijenali lwezenzululwazi inqaku ebaluleke kakhulu. Kuye zimelwe lenxaki, siyazi njengoko Schrödinger nxaki. Kweli nqaku (Quantisierung als Eigenwertproblem) iye isetyenziswe ngokunxulumene nengxaki ye atom hydrogen. Nalo Schrodinger wacacisa uludwe. Eli nqaku yenye yezinto ezibalulekileyo apha yemvelo zenkulungwane yama-20. It Schrödinger wazibeka iziseko kwicala elitsha kwinzululwazi - ubucukubhede wave.

Sebenza kwi University of Berlin

Udumo, abeza sisazinzulu, wavula indlela yakhe eya yodumo University of Berlin. Erwin waba angangumvotelwa isikhundla UProfesa Physics theory. Le posi wakhululwa emva maks iplanga umhlala-phantsi. Schrodinger, ekudambiseni intandabuzo, wavuma. Wathabatha ofisi Oktobha 1, 1927.

E Berlin, Erwin wafumana abahlobo ezifana-nye ebusweni Alberta Eynshteyna, Max Planck, Max von Laue. Ukunxibelelana nabo, Kakade ke, ephefumlelwe nzulu. Schrodinger University of Berlin wakhokela iintetho physics, olwenziwe iisemina Physics kanobom kwiNkomfa. Ukongeza, yena inxaxheba kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo bombutho. Noko ke, ngokubanzi, Erwin zigcinwe kuye. Oku kuboniswa iinkumbulo koogxa bakhe, kwakunye ngokungabi ngayo abafundi.

Erwin wemka iJamani, i Prize Nobel

Ngowe-1933, xa uHitler waqalisa ukulawula, wayishiya le University of Berlin Ervin Shredinger. engobomi bakhe ethi, njengokuba ubona, uphawulwe yi bewela ezininzi. Ngeli xesha sisazinzulu akwazi ukwenza ngenye indlela. Ngehlobo lowe-1937 eliqina Schrödinger, abangazange sifuna ukuzithoba urhulumente omtsha ndagqiba kwelokuba ahambe. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba azikhabe udushe Schrodinger zange oluboniswe esidlangalaleni. Akazange afune ukuba ukuphazamisa kwezopolitiko. Noko ke, eJamani ngaloo minyaka ugcine nopolitiko kwaba nzima.

Kanye ngeli xesha, uFrederick Lindemann, yesayensi yaseBritani, watyelela Germany. Yena wamema Schrödinger ukufumana umsebenzi kwi kwiYunivesithi Oxford. Scientist, behamba eMzantsi Tyrol ngenxa leeholide zehlobo, akakabuyi ku Berlin. Kunye nomfazi wakhe, weza Oxford ngo-Oktobha 1933 nje emva kokufika Erwin wafunda ibhaso le-Nobel Peace Prize (ndawonye noPawulos Dirac).

Jobs in Oxford

Schrödinger e Oxford wayelilungu Magdalena College. Akabanga imisebenzi zokufundisa. Kunye nezinye besiba oososayensi bafumana software evela kwinkampani Imperial Chemical Industry. Sekunjalo, akazange akwazi ukufumana wasebenzisa kwindawo angaqhelekanga yedyunivesithi. Esinye sezizathu - ukungabikho kwiziko lemfundo, utsaleleka ikakhulu zenkolo zemveli kunye ezoluntu, umdla physics mihla. Kwenza Schrödinger bavakalelwa kukuba akazange ufanelwe umvuzo omkhulu onjalo kunye nesikhundla. Enye inkalo ukungaphatheki le Inzululwazi ingakumbi ubomi lwentlalo, nto leyo ezele sibulisa kunye neendibano. Le nto iyayiqhobosha inkululeko Schrödinger, njengokuba naye wavuma. Zonke ezi zinto kunye nezinye iingxaki, kwakunye ukunciphisa ngemali le nkqubo ngo-1936 qhuba Erwin cinga kokwamkela umsebenzi. Xa Schrodinger watyelela Edinburgh, wagqiba kwelokuba abuyele ekhaya.

Amazing

Xa ekwindla ka-1936 ukuba sisazinzulu yaqala ukusebenza kwi Graz University njenge unjingalwazi physics theoretical component. Noko ke, ehleli e Austria lwalulolwexeshana. NgoMatshi 1938, i-Anschluss wathabatha lizwe yaza yaba yinxalenye ku Germany. Scientist ngoncedo oluvela kwi Ngqonyela weYunivesithi, wabhala ileta yoxolelwaniso, ebonisa nokuzimisela kwakhe ukubeka up kunye norhulumente omtsha. NgoMatshi 30, oko yapapashwa yaze yabangela yokusabela elibi inxalenye oogxa zakwamanye. Nangona kunjalo, la manyathelo aye akamncedisanga Erwin. Ngenxa unreliability kwezopolitiko, yena wagxothwa isithuba ahlala kuso. Schrodinger isaziso esemthethweni efunyenweyo ngo-Agasti 1938

ERoma Dublin

Scientist waya eRoma, njengoko lobuFasi Italy ngoko urhulumente kuphela apho ingafuneki visa lokungena (oko akwazi ukunika Erwin). Ngeli xesha Schrödinger waqhagamshelana Eamon De Valera, Irish iNkulumbuso. Yena waba yezibalo yi uqeqesho waza wagqiba ekubeni kumiswe e Dublin, isikolo esitsha. De Valera athengelwe Erwin kunye nomfazi wakhe, ukuba sendleleni visa, ivula sicatshulwa eYurophu. Ngoko beza Oxford ekwindla ka-1938. Logama nje umsebenzi ye- ukuvulwa iziko e Dublin, Erwin wathabatha isithuba yokwexeshana eGhent, Belgium. Esi sithuba ngemali ngokusebenzisa i-Franks Foundation.

Apha izazinzulu wafumana yeSibini kwiMfazwe yeHlabathi. Intervention De Valera wanceda Erwin (ngubani, emva kokuba Anschluss yayigqalwa ngummi isiJamani, oko kukuthi utshaba yelizwe), ukuba idlule eNgilani. Yena kufika elikomkhulu Ireland, Oktobha 7, 1939

Sebenza e Dublin Institute kwiminyaka yokugqibela

Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies yavulwa ngokusesikweni ngoJuni 1940, Erwin yaba uNjingalwazi yokuqala Physics theory - enye kwamasebe amabini zokuqala. Ukongeza, wamiselwa umlawuli we ziko. Nabanye abasebenzi, wabonakala kamva (phakathi kwabo W. Heitler, Yanoshi L. kunye C. Lanczos, kwakunye zesayensi abaninzi abaselula), akwazi ukuzinikela kuye ngokupheleleyo yophando.

Erwin wakhokela kwisemina, iintetho, waqalisa isikolo zasehlotyeni kwiziko, baye batyelela yemvelo ezigqamileyo yaseYurophu. Umdla iphambili yezenzululwazi kwiminyaka Schrödinger Irish yaba ingcamango womxhuzulane, kwakunye nemiba ukuba balala kwisiphambuka Sciences ezimbini - physics kanye eziphilayo. Ngowe-1940-45 gg. yaye ukususela ngowe-1949 ukuya 1956 Scientist yena umlawuli we-Division of Physics theory. Emva koko wagqiba kwelokuba abuyele kwilizwe lawo, waqalisa ukusebenza kwiYunivesithi yase Vienna unjingalwazi physics theoretical component. Emva kweminyaka 2, ISAZINZULU, ngelo xesha wayesoloko egula, wagqiba ukurhoxa.

Schrodinger wachitha iminyaka yokugqibela yobomi bakhe Alpbach, kwilali Tyrol. Le Isazinzulu wafa ngenxa ukuqhubela lwesifo sephepha kwisibhedlele eVienna. Yaba January 4, 1961 Alpbach wangcwatywa Erwin Schrödinger.

cat Schrödinger kaThixo

Wena ukhe weva malunga ubukho kule meko. Kodwa abantu kude kwinzululwazi, kwenziwa yaziwa ngaye. Kwakhona sifanele sithethe oku ukufunyanwa ebaluleke kakhulu yaye umdla yenziwa Ervin Shredinger.

"Kati Schrödinger kaThixo" - ingcamango yolingelo, ayeba Erwin. Scientist usebenzisa bafuna ukubonisa ukuba ubuchwephetshe umyinge asiphelelanga, xa amasuntswana eathom ukusuka lenguqu ukuya kwiinkqubo ongatshintshiyo.

Inqaku Erwin echaza le experiment wabonakala ngowe-1935. Isetyenziswa ukucacisa uthelekiso reception, omnye Ukutsho ke ndithi, lo sokuzenza. Le Scientist ithi kukho ikati kwaye ibhokisi apho kukho indlela equka sikhongozeli igesi enetyhefu kunye kwahlelwa radioactive atomic. Xa nokuhlola, i parameters ekhethiweyo ukuze sokonakalisa Njengesiseko kunye namathuba-50% ngeyure zenzeke. Ukuba iwela ngaphandle, kunye isiqulathi segesi izakuvula kwaye ikati iyafa. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba oku kungenzeki, isilwanyana uya kuphila.

Iziphumo zovavanyo

Ngoko ke, shiya isilwanyana kwibhokisi, linda iyure, nokonyusa umbuzo wokuba ingaba ikati uyaphila okanye akunjalo? Ngokutsho ukukhanda quantum, lama-atom (kwaye ke isilwanyana) yi ngaxeshanye onke amazwe (superposition quantum). Inkqubo 'ikati - core "ngaphambi kokuvulwa bhokisi yaba-50% ithuba kwi" ikati ifile, wawa lwe- "kunye namathuba-50%," ikati liphilile, undoqo ke ayohlulwanga. " Kubonakala ukuba isilwanyana ngaphakathi, ngexesha elifanayo akafa.

Ngokutsho ukutyhilwa Copenhagen, ikati iya kuba nokuba usaphila okanye ofileyo, ngaphandle naliphi na ilizwe aphakathi. Imo kuwohloka ngumongo lukhethiwe, hayi xa bhokisi livulekile, yaye ukuba ungena ngumongo kwi tshin. Emva kokuba ukuncitshiswa komsebenzi yomtshangatshangiso kulo mzekelo na edibene ibhokisi yi njengombukeli (umntu), kunye umphathi engundoqo (tshin).

Nazi umfuniselo umdla kuqhutywa Ervin Shredinger. Isivula wabanika amandla okuqhubela kuphuhliso olungaphezulu physics. Xa ndiqukumbela, ndithanda Ukucengceleza iingxelo ezimbini apho yena:

• "Le - yinto kuphela ukuba akukho ukuphela."
• "Ndiza nxamnye ukuhamba, kodwa utshintsho flow ulwalathiso."

Oku aphetha intshayelelo yamachiza omkhulu ogama - Erwin Schrödinger. Quotes, ngasentla, ukuvumela kancinane ukuze atyhile ihlabathi wangaphakathi.