Rook emdlalweni wechess. Chess for Beginners

Chess ngaphandle ubaxo umdlalo cishe, owayebonakele ekuqaleni ngayo ixesha lethu. Ngokwenene 'amadoda amadala' kwisiqalo lweziqalelo zokuzonwabisa eziye wakha wadala yi uluntu. Nangona, ngokubanzi, ukonwabisa kulo mzekelo kusini na, kuba isiphumo wechess ezinzulu ukuba isikwere kunye noololiwe logic. Ummeli we ngamnye amaqhekeza ngamnye ebhodini inencasa yayo kunye isimo sakhe. Ngokomzekelo, njengokuba uhamba rook kwi wechess, uya kukwazi ukuphinda ihashe okanye ngeenyawo.

History of the Game

Nangoku musa ncam ukubeka ixesha imbonakalo ichess kunye neemeko oku kwenzeke phantsi apho, ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba yanelani lwesimo. Enye yezona ntsomi kakhulu ethandwa kuqwalaselwa elilandelayo. Umfama, owadala itshesi, umdlalo yabonisa Rajah, owayelawula ngelo xesha, yaye umdlalo wokugqibela ethandwa kakhulu kangangokuba wacebisa ukuba umbhali zipho ukukhetha kuzo. fun ukonga uMdali wabuza nje kancinane - okuziinkozo kangangoko ziya bamba phezu chess. Ngaphezu koko, isakhiwo zateyliv mgaqo ngokusekelwe amandla ezimbini - esiseleni yokuqala yeBhodi ebulewe ingqolowa omnye, lo wesibini - ezimbini, nowesithathu - ezine njalo njalo ukuya yokugcwalisa wokugqibela, iiseli 64. Umlawuli Ndavuya - onjalo imali encinane ukuba yenziwe ngempumelelo. abakhonzi ekuthiwa, abavule koovimba waqonda ukuba iimeko abakwazi, ngenxa yokuba imveliso xa kubalwa waba nenkitha ngokwenene yengqolowa ukuba akukho amasalela uyakuya igumbi yokulinganisa 180 cubic metres! Raja, yokunika imbeko ingqondo umlimi, unikwe lonke ingqolowa ukuba ezikhoyo, apho sumnyashesya yokugqibela engento, yahlulwe ngokulinganayo phakathi belali.

Imbali ezintle, kodwa xa ujonga wechess, unako ukuza kwisigqibo sokuba lo mdlalo isithelo abakubudala ezininzi neentlanga ezininzi, kuba ugqibelele kakhulu, zinzulu ukuze abe iziqhamo yomntu omnye.

EYurophu wafunda wechess kuphela kubulela kwinkulungwane X ukuya Vikings ikuyo yonke indawo, kodwa zange benyulu de ngenkulungwane XV, njengoko abantu Ages Dark emlonyeni imithetho yayo, unika yokuqala ukuthobeka, ukuguquka kunye nokholo. Le ndoda - nto, nethontsi kwindalo yonke kaThixo. Ekubeni le Renaissance imeko itshintshile - abantu baqalisa ukubeka ngokwalo njengeyunithi eyahlukileyo, ejolise uphuhliso ngamazwe. Ngoku lixesha lokuba wechess - kwakufuneka yonke indlu yeengcungcu ulawulo ongabhalwanga ukuba nazo, yaye abantu bazama ukudlula omnye imbonakalo okanye ubungakanani amanani. Phakathi amandla ihlabathi ngelo xesha babethandwa ezinkulu amaqhosha chess ubungakanani indoda wenjenjeya abakhonzi.

Chess njengoko zinjalo

Kulo version zakudala, ngaphandle kugqithise abangaqhelekanga ngumdlalo ibhodi ukuvela ukucinga ngobuchule kunye logic. Le nkqubo ibandakanya iibhodi ithowuni-mbini, apho ukukhanya alternate nezikwere ezimnyama umbala kwababaliweyo amanani nkqo ukusuka ku-1 ukuya ku-8, tyaba - oonobumba be-alfabhethi Latin ukusuka ku h. Kwakhona kulo mdlalo iquka iiseti ezimbini efanayo amanani, kwakhona nokuchasanisa imibala. Umgaqo lo mdlalo ukuntsonkotha ezahlukeneyo, ichess kwabasaqalayo - yinto nje ukulandelelana ezihambayo, uze emva koko njengoko namathamsanqa, kunjalo, kunye ukukhula kolwazi, ukuba abe idabi epheleleyo-enobugcisa.

line-up

Nganye yeeseti yamanani kubandakanya le miba ilandelayo:

• pawns ezisibhozo;
• ezimbini zokulwa ezinamahashe;
• iindlovu ezimbini;
• ehlasela ezimbini;
• queen omnye (Queen);
• yokumkani omnye.

Iziqwenga kwi chess obekwe ngokufanayo kumfanekiso ngezantsi.

logic idrama

Chess - waqaphela umdlalo yophuhliso logic. Ngamanye amaxesha mpi kuthatha indawo ebhodini, ukuba bazitshisekisayo isivuno lokwenene. Ukukwazi ukubona nokuvavanya yonke into, ukuba bacinge amanyathelo amabini okanye amathathu phambili, ukuze uqonde ukuba nkqu rook eyodwa wechess uyakwazi ukwenza umahluko - ukuba oko kunika nomdla we wechess. inani nganye, nto leyo obandakanyeka emfazweni, inencasa yayo, amacebo wayo kunye nokuziphatha.

nakala Pawns xa uqala ukuba ube chip leengxoxo emdlalweni, ungaya kuphela phambili isikwere omnye bamtyabula kwikonw ngekona. Noko ke, ukuba eli nani ifikelela ngohlangothi malunga weBhodi, ukuba zibe nokutshintshanisa loo nani, kuthatha umdlali. Ngokuqhelekileyo, akukho zochuku, yaye ngoko nangoko uthabathe ukumkanikazi.

Iindlovu zihamba kuphela kwi idiagonal, kodwa kwangaxeshanye macala omabini, nto leyo eyenza embindini ngentshabalalo uvalo.

Amahashe kwaziwa kwabo musa ukudlala chess ngokunjalo linyathelo "unobumba G" into kaHomer.

Rook kwi ichess i koombayimbayi ebhodini kwaye yesibini kuphela ukumkanikazi. Ukuhamba kumgca othe ngqo kuwo onke amacala.

Queen idibanisa iimpawu indlovu kunye isikhephe, ekubeni element inamandla phakathi amanani.

Ukumkani ehamba ifana ukumkanikazi, isikwere esinye kuphela.

Sicinga ngokwahlukeneyo onzima kakhulu emva iziqwenga Queen ebhodini.

rook

Ngokutsho ixabiso eli nani kulingana pawns ezintlanu, naphambi sizicingele indlela ukuhamba rook e wechess, kodwa yahlukile abazalwana kuphela. Rook - umlweli. Yena libandakanyeka kwikhosi ye chess - castling, phantsi leyo isiwe kangangokuba ukumkani iyakhusela uqinisekise. Kwakhona, eli nani iyahluka zilawule iyonke kunye, kungakhathaliseki apho endle azizikweri unako ukulawula emasimini-14. Kwiimeko ezikhethekileyo, ummangali unako checkmate, ukuba amabutho isikhitshana kukumkani.

zonke ezinkulu

Le anengqondo logic, qhinga qhinga - imathematika, combinatorics kunye isikhephe ujika kuninzi ezifanayo. Kukho into efana polynomial rook. Xa kusenziwa oku, ibonisa inani ngeendlela ezinokuthi zibekwe wechess rook kwi mali lamaqhosha n. Kwaye oku imisebenzi polynomial kuphela, umba-mbini ze-ntathu multi ntathu-namanje evulekile. Thina Makazicikide theorem, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba eli binzana rook, nokuba ibhodi, iingcambu yokwenene kuphela. Ngale combinatorial sasisetyenziswa ngokurhoxiswa ezo ukungalingani akanakuyenza ngaphambili. Ngenxa yoko, umdlalo leyo ekuqaleni waqonda ukuba mnandi, yaba negalelo ezifunyaniswe ezintsha zemathematika, nokuphikela akukabikho.