"Jane Eyre": isishwankathelo esifutshane. UCharlotte Bronte, "uJane Eyre"

Incwadana ethi "Jane Eyre" yadalwa nguCharlotte Bronte ngo-1847. Kwiminyaka engaphezu kwe-100, ubhalwe kuluhlu lweencwadi zobugcisa behlabathi. Umsebenzi omhle wombhali wafunyanwa ngabavakalisi abaninzi, kwada kwade kube ezandleni zendoda eyayikwazi ukuqonda okokuqala. Ukunyaniseka nokunyaniseka apho ibali lendwendwe, eliye lafumana uthando olukhulu kwaye lukwazi ukuza kulonwabo, luvumela leveli ukuba ingalahlekelwa ngumkhwa wayo nanamhlanje.

Ubomi bomalume

Ukuthetha ngeveli "Jane Eyre", isishwankathelo kunzima ukubeka ngamagama ambalwa, ibali lomntu olula uhamba ngokukhawuleza. Kwisahluko sokuqala umfundi uyazi malunga nentombazana yentombazana, eyathi yabulawa ngabazali bakhe abathandekayo. Umgcini wakhe wayengumhlolokazi womntakwabo nonina - uNksz Reed. Abazali bakaJane babenotyebi kwaye bahlonishwa ngabantu, kodwa wanikela intsapho yakhe ngenxa yomfundisi ohluphekayo.

U-Uncle u-Reed wayemdelela ngokunyanisekileyo udade wakhe womyeni ophelileyo ngenxa yesenzo sakhe, etshintsha isimo sakhe sengqondo kuJane omncinci. Bonke abemi bendlu, evela kumakhulukazi kunye nabantwana bakhe kubakhonzi, bamphatha kakubi. Le ntombazana yayingabizwa ngokungafanelekanga ngokuthi i-spoiled and spiteful liar, igxininise ukuba yavunyelwa ukuba iphile kwi-Gateshead Hall kuphela ngobabalo.

Ikakhulukazi i-heroine uBronte uJane Eyre ihlupheke kwiindlela zobuqabane zikaJohane umzala wakhe. Inkwenkwe ihlazo yayisisoloko imcaphukisa ekuxabaneni, ukuxela inetyala. Emva komnye ukulwa nomhlanga omncinci, intandane yathunyelwa kwiGumbi eliBomvu elincinci. Kwakukho apho umyeni kaNksz Reed wafa, kwaye kwakukholelwa ukuba umoya wakhe wambi wabuya.

Ukufudukela kwiWoeod

Isiphelo eklasini elibuhlungu liphendulele intombazana ehluphekileyo isifo esibi. Umalume, engatshitshisi nomnqweno wokuchitha ixesha lomntwana obi, wathumela umntakwabo esikolweni. Iziko likaMnu Reed elikhethiweyo labizwa ngokuba nguLovud. Ekuqaleni inkokheli encinane iphupha esikolweni, icinga ukuba inokufumana inkululeko. Kodwa ngokukhawuleza kwacaca ukuba uCharlotte Bronte uJane Eyre wayezibethelele kwiinkedama.

Iifayili zeLilac, iingubo ezingekho kakuhle - ngamnye umfundi we "Lovuda" wayebukeka nje ngomntu wonke. Amantombazana awayefundiswa yinkedama ayenomsindo, ayesaba yonke into. UJane waphoqeleka ukuba adle ukutya okunyanyekayo imihla ngemihla, ukunyamezela ukuhlaselwa ngokugqithisileyo kootitshala kunye nokubanda kakhulu, kubomi ngokuhambelana ngqo neshedyuli, eyayihlonipha yonke imizuzu esikolweni.

Kwabo baqala ukuqhelana nale ncwadi, kunokubonakala ngathi uCharlotte Bronte Jane Eyre uya kutshutshiswa ngokwenene kwiphepha ngalinye. Nangona kunjalo, kwi "Lovud" kunye nomdlali oyintloko kwenzeka into enhle. Kwintombazana ngokokuqala ngqa ebomini kukho abahlobo. Umhlobo wakhe waba ngumnye wabafundi uHelene Berne, owayekwazi ukumfundisa uthando kunye nomonde. Inkedama ibuye iguquke ngokusondeleyo kunye nomlawuli we-Miss Temple isikolo-umfazi owamkelekileyo, ohlukileyo kwabanye ootitshala besetyhini.

Isimemo esiya eT Thornfield

Ubomi bentombazana e "Lovud" ihlala iminyaka eyi-8, ezimbini zazo zisebenza esikolweni njengotitshala. Ubomi obunelisayo, obulinganiselwe bukhokelela ukuba umama wesiNgesi unamandla. Isisombululo esisodwa kwingxaki yakhe siyahamba, ngoko u-Miss Eyre ukhangele indawo yomqhubi. Ekugqibeleni, iinzame zithathwa ngempumelelo. UJane Eyre umbhali uthumela kwi-Property Thornfield.

Umqhubi oye waphuma ejele "Lovuda" ulungele ukuqala imisebenzi emitsha. UNksz Fairfax, umgcini wendlu kaT Thornfield, udibana neentombazana ngokufudumala aze amthumele kumfundi ozayo. U-Adele omncinane ngumfundi wase-Edward Rochester, umqeshi wakhe. Emva koko, uJane ufumanisa ukuba umntwana uyintombi elahliwe yomculi waseFransi owayesenkosikazi yaseRochester. Umnini ngokwakhe uhlala kwilizwekazi, ukutyelela i-domain yakhe kunqabile.

Ubomi bendoda esanda kuyenziwa eTorrnfield ingabizwa ngokuba mnandi. Uyakuthanda u-Adele, uNksz Fairfax uyindlela yokwenza ubuhlobo. Nangona kunjalo, kuloo ndlu enkulu yayilungele i-atmosphère engummangaliso. UJane uvuka ebusuku ngokuhleka, okungekho nje kumntu.

Ukuqhelana noRochester

Phantse phakathi kwebali malunga nobomi bukaJane Eyre (isishwankathelo somsebenzi senziwa apha) URochester ibonakala ngokumangalisayo. Umnini welifa akanakubizwa ngokuba ngumntu omhle. Unemisebenzi engafanelekanga, isikhumba esiphezulu, umzimba oqinileyo. Nangona kunjalo, umqhubi uva msinya nomqeshi wakhe kwaye ufumana isimo sengqondo esifanayo.

Kakade ke, kwizithethe ezingcono kakhulu zeenkivelwano zesiNgesi nguJane Eyre, umbhali unamandla okubamba ngokupholile. U-Edward naye unamathela kwizwi elihle.

Ukufika kweendwendwe

Indlu yaseRochester izaliswe ngokungalindelekanga ngeendwendwe, ezingathandeki uJane Eyre. Umxholo wencwadana uya kuba buhlungu ngakumbi, i heroine ehamba phambili ibandezeleke, ifumana iintlungu zomona. Unenkxalabo malunga nengqalelo yokuba into enomdla wayo ihlawulela enye yeendwendwe zakhe - i-Miss Blanche enhle. Bonke abemi bendlu banethemba lokuba imini yomtshato iya kuziswa. UJane uzinikela ngokucamngca ngokukrakra ngekamva lakhe, ucinga ngokufumana umsebenzi omtsha.

I-Rochester yenza isiluleko somtshato, kodwa kungekhona ubuhle bukaBlanche. Ucela umnqweno ukuba abe ngumfazi wakhe, kwaye uyaphendula ngemvuyo, kuba akuyiyo inyanga yokuqala edlalwa ngothando. Umtshakazi nomyeni bazimisele ngomhla womtshato. Nangona kunjalo, abo bale mzuzu babala ngesiphumo esinonophelo kwimbali kaJane Eyre, isishwankathelo asiyi kukukholisa.

Umtshato ohlulekile

Ngokomthetho wolu hlobo, zonke izicwangciso zabazithandayo ziyacima phambi kwesibingelelo, phantse umzuzu ngaphambi kokuba umbingeleli abone ukuhlangana kwabo phambi kukaThixo. Umfo ungena kwicawa, evakalisa ngokukhawuleza ukukhusela. Umtshato awunakwenzeka, kuba u-Edward utshatile udadewabo. I-Rochester, icinezelekile yintlungu, ayiyikrokra, iindwendwe ziyahlukana.

Imfihlakalo ka Edward

Ewe, indoda engaphumeleli kufuneka icacise yona kuJane Eyre. Isishwankathelo sebali lakhe yile: uyatshata ngokwenene. Kwiminyaka emininzi eyadlulayo, uyise wayenqabileyo u-Edward osemncinci ngethemba lakhe ngurhulumente, wenza umnqophiso ngokuthanda umzalwana wakhe omdala. Kucetyiswa ukuba uRochester afeze umtshato kunye ne-wealthy heiress evela kwi-West Indies. Wayengazange abe nethuba lokuthetha nomtshakazi, kwaye wayengazi ngemfihlo yakhe.

Iqabane elincinane, kwi-pedigree esele ibalwe yintlanzi, ngokukhawuleza iyeka ukufana nomntu. UBertha uba yindlovu enesibindi, engenamdla, engenakukwazi ukuhlala kuluntu. URochester uyamkhiya kwisihlamba sobuhlanga, esadlulayo kumzalwana wakhe ofileyo, kwaye ufumana ithuba lokunandipha inzuzo yobomi be-bachelor.

Ubaleke eTrrnfield

Umtshakazi okhohlwayo uyayinaki isicelo sesithandwa sakhe sokuhlala endlwini yakhe. Ngokukhawuleza uhamba ngaphandle kweTyrnfield. Ewe, oku akupheli ibali likaJane Eyre. Isishwankathelo sivula isahluko esilandelayo kuphela. Umqhubi ushiya indawo ngokukhawuleza, akanakho imali. Umqhubi womqeqeshi uhlela kummandla ongaqhelekanga ngaphandle kwepenki ephaketheni lakhe.

Izifo zikaJane ziqhubeka, uhamba ehamba kwindawo zasendle, engozini yokulahlekelwa yindlala. Ekugqibeleni, i-heroine ilahlekelwa ingqalelo emnyango wendlu engahleliweyo, apho engavunyelwe ukuba aye khona ngumlindi oqaphileyo.

Ukudibana noSt. John

Ukunceda uJane ufike umbingeleli wendawo kunye noodadewabo uMary noDiana. Umntu ohamba phambili ngokukhawuleza uba nemfesane kubantu abanobubele, kodwa akazixeleli igama langempela kwaye akazinikezeli kwiimbali zobomi obudlulileyo. Umbingeleli uSt. John unomhle kwaye unqwenela ukunikela ubomi bakhe kumsebenzi wezithunywa zevangeli. Uyakuthanda ubuhle bendawo uRossam, intombi yabazali abacebileyo. Iimvakalelo zakhe zibambisana, kodwa le nsizwa ikhetha into eyijonga ngayo i-destiny yayo-imfundo yeentlanga zaseIndiya.

ISt. John idinga iqabane elithembekileyo kunye nobudlelwane bokuphila, ngubani oya kumnceda, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa kwi-mission engcwele. Ngokombono wakhe, into engcono kakhulu kwesi sikhundla ngumntu ongeyena mntu ongeyena mntu, owathatha ngaye kwisitalato - uJane Eyre. Ukuphonononga malunga nale nveli ayithethi, inene kakhulu ekuphenduleni okungalindelekanga.

U-Miss Eyre uyazi kakuhle ukuba umntu owenza isipho ayifanelekanga ngokupheleleyo kuye. Ukwahlula ngokusemthethweni umtshato, kodwa uyavuma ukudibana naye eluhambeni njengomncedisi kunye nodade. Kodwa umbingeleli ucinga ukuba esi sigqibo asivumelekanga.

Ilifa elingalindelekanga

UJane uyaqhubeka ehlala endlwini yabantu abahlala kuyo, esebenza esikolweni sasemaphandleni, ekufumaneni apho wamncedisa uSt. John. Oku kuyaqhubeka kude kuvele ngokukhawuleza ukuba utitshala ohluphekileyo ngokwenene ungumcebisi ocebileyo. Kuvela ukuba intombazana ngumzala kumfundisi kunye noodadewabo, unina wayengudade kayise. Ngaba kwakukho izihlobo ezingalindelekanga kunye nomnye umalume-uYohn Ejr.

Le ndoda, yenze i-fortune e-Madeira, yachitha iminyaka emininzi ifuna umlingane olahlekileyo. Ukufa, wenza i-fortune enkulu, ayifumanekanga kwiJane - 20,000. I-heroine enobubele yomsebenzi kaCharlotte Bronte, okwenene, ayikwazi ukuthatha yonke imali ngokwayo. U-Eyre Ufuna ukwabela ifa ezine.

Buyela eRochester

Ewe, ibali likaJane Eyre, ulungelelaniso olunemibala engama-10, alupheli ngokufumana ifa. Intombazana ayikwazi ukuyeka ukubandezeleka, khumbula iRochester elahliwe. Ekugqibeleni, unquma ukutyelela abemi baseTrnrnfield. Ukuza, intombazana ibona phambi kwayo. Kuya kuthi ukuba ngenxa yomlilo oququzelelwe ngumfazi oyintombi, uRochester ukhubazeka. Ukuzama ukugcina uBertha, ulahlekelwa umbono kunye nesokunene. Umhlolokazi uEdward uhamba kwindawo ekufuphi. Ukuva malunga nalokhu, uJane uyamkhwela.

Omnye ukhangela umntu omthandayo unelungelo lokuba ngumntu owayengumntu oza kuqonda ukuba akakwazi ukuhlukana naye. Intombazana ijika ibe yinto kunye nomntu othandekayo uRochester. Eli bali, ngethamsanqa, unomphefumlo ocolileyo. Ukuthandana no-Ayr othandekayo, umbono uphindela kancane, batshata.

Umsebenzi wabenzi befilimu

Incwadana "Jane Eyre" ishukunywe kwisikrini malunga namaxesha angama-10. Enye yeyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kukudalwa kukaJoan Kraft, okwakunokugxininiswa ngexesha lokufowunelwa kwefilimu ekuthembekeni okukhulu. Iskripthi se-mini-series sasiquka malunga nawo onke ama-monologist atholakalayo emsebenzini. Kukho nezwi lokuvakalisa izwi, kucacisa ixesha elingenakuqondakala.

Yaye akusiyo yodwa ixesha xa i-cinema iphendukela kwimbali kaJane Eyre (i-screen version ayifanele ingqalelo yonke into). Phakathi kwabo, ifilimu eyaziwayo yayifumaneka, apho indima kaMnu Rochester idlalwe nguTimon Dalton, kunye nomlingane wakhe nguZila Clark. Umfanekiso ubambelela ngokucacileyo kwi-original, zonke iindululwazi kunye neengxoxo zigcinwe, amabali eendaba ayaphuli.

Ukuba umntu ufuna ukubukela uchungechunge olutsha lweTV malunga nobomi besiNgesi, kuyafaneleka ukubeka ingqalelo kumfanekiso ka-2006, owamkela amanqaku aphezulu ebantwini.