Retarder - ntoni na? Retarder - retarder

Retarder. Ntoni na, kuba asingabo bonke ngokucacileyo ukususela nje isihloko. E IsiNgesi, eli gama lithetha "kuphatha". Oku kusetyenziswa kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zenzululwazi kunye noshishino kwizixhobo, units okanye izinto ziyibuyisela nemiba ukuhamba kwinkqubo. Ngokumalunga entsimini ngezobunjineli retarder ibhekisa kwisixhobo efakwe kwi zithuthi ngenjongo abazimisele phantsi isantya yeentshukumo zabo ngaphandle okanye ukusetyenziswa kwenxenye engundoqo kwinkqubo unyathela.

Apho imodareyitha luncedo?

Imfuneko yokusebenzisa inhibitors ngenxa yokuba kwiimeko uxinezeleko elide kwi ukuthembeka kwenkqubo waqhekeza ezingundoqo kunye nokusebenza le yokugqibela lifinyele kakhulu, nto leyo iba nefuthe elibi kukhuseleko. Njengomgaqo, oku kusebenza neelori ezinkulu emsebenzini, kunye noololiwe, iyileyo ihamba ubuso amawa rhoqo kunye ekwehleni kwiindlela entabeni.

Makhe siqwalasele le meko, nto leyo inceda isizathu sokuba kukho retarder. Ukuya phantsi kwentaba, umqhubi kufuneka rhoqo isantya ukugcina ngesantya esingaguqukiyo. Le umthwalo elide kwinkqubo zochuku brake kukhokelela nobushushu kunye wear kwexesha. Kwimeko yokuqala, ukuchitha ixesha ezixabisekileyo kule nqwelo-moya, ukuvumela ukuba pholisa iziqhoboshi kwi yesibini - ukwanda inxalenye eninzi ukwenzela ukulungiswa kunye nokugcinwa besithuthi.

Imfuneko ukufumana kumthombo deceleration ezongezelelweyo kuchatshazelwa kukuba kunye umthamo isantya neelori luyanda minyaka yonke. Umzekelo, lori ukuba ayeke ukusuka ngesantya-80 km / h ifuna amandla elekhtrons amaxesha 4 mkhulu stop yalo ukusuka kuma-40 km / h. Kunzima ukuba uvume ukuba ekhoyo yaye esazi ukuba usebenzise indlela retarder, umqhubi uziva bazithembe yaye kwethu ngakumbi.

Ukusuka kwimbali retarder

Ummeli ibalulekileyo kwimbali retarder ye fyabo i German inkampani Voith. Izama ukusebenzisa ingcamango olwenziwe njengemodareyitha ukususela kwikota yesibini kwenkulungwane lokugqibela, yaye umyalelo wayo wokuqala ukuba uphuhliso iye yafunyanwa kwi-50 ubudala evela kumenzi enkulu koololiwe kaloliwe. Ekugqityweni ngempumelelo kweprojekthi ngo-1961, Voith kudala nizahlule iyunithi yakhe, unanamhla Igxininisa kuphela kukhupho retarders.

Kwiminyaka esixhenxe kamva, Voith zokuyilwa asebeze owaseka retardants yokuqala Setra kwizithuthi ezinamavili. Ngaloo ndlela Setra wafuna ukwandisa kakhulu umgangatho ukhuseleko ukuthutha abakhweli kunye iibhasi zabo. Uphuhliso entsha esuka Voith wadibana okulindelekileyo kunye waqalisa ukuthandwa phakathi kwezinye automakers. Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane lokugqibela, abaqhubi bezithuthi enzima abe ingcamango jikelele oko retarder ngeelori kunye neebhasi, kodwa bakhuthalele wasebenzisa umatshini kumsebenzi wabo wemihla ngemihla kuphela.

Iindidi yeemodareyitha

Ukubandakanya retarders kunye injini elekhtrons, kunye zeemoto wayaphula. Noko ke, igama elithi "retarder" elisetyenziswa rhoqo iiyunithi ngamnye, nto leyo efakwe iintolo drive ye-injini okanye ugqithiso. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi retarders. Njengoko zahlulwe zibe eziziiprayimari neziziisekondari, kuxhomekeka kwindawo ufakelo. Primary amalungiselelo PPC, nezizisekondari - emva. Xa retarders engundoqo enye ethile ekhoyo. Ngelo xesha lokutshintsha iiseyile, yena akuyiphazamisi ugqithiso, kunye nomkhosi brake enamavili inyamalala. Ngokutsho kumthetho retarders zahlulwe zibe hydrodynamic kunye electrodynamic.

Le retarder hydrodynamic

Okunye njalo kunabanye kwizithuthi enzima ukwazi ukuhlangabezana retarder hydrodynamic. Ntoni na kwaye isebenza njani, oko kuya kuba lula lula ukuqonda kwabo baqhelene isixhobo esizilawulayo zothumelo. Isiseko se retarder hydrodynamic kumgaqo a kufuphi nokuhlangana fluid. Ngokwemo, umatshini iqulathe namavili amabini kunye iincakuba nesimbo zilahlwe ngendlela izindlu ezifanayo omnye komnye. Enye amavili ke ubeka esisigxina ngaphakathi, kwaye eyesibini, nto leyo ehambisana ne shaft isithuthi uyakwazi uphendule.

Ngelo instant xa isithuba retarder phakathi ngamaphiko uzele ulwelo. Umkhosi centrifugal ezenzeka ngexesha ukujikeleza plane, idla asuse kuyo ngokwangaphandle, lo gama i-vane stator buphazamisana nale nkqubo kwaye ukunika impendulo imenza isiphumo. Kule meko off, xa ulwelo kwi izindlu retarder apho, amaphiko ejikeleza ngokukhululekileyo kwaye basebenzisane.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, ioli olusetyenziswa ukusebenza ulwelo. Kwezinye iiyunithi unikezelo ioli liqulathwe-ngokwalo, kwaye kwezinye - linxulunyaniswa nenkqubo transmission ukuthambisa ajikeleze. isixa esikhulu ubushushu efunyenwe inkqubo retarder. Ngokutsho komthetho yolondolozo amandla, mzuzu ibambelele ethintela retarder, aguqulwa ukuba shushu oku kuphakamisa iqondo lobushushu kulwelo ukusebenza. Ngoko ke, ngokuba transfer ubushushu retarder kakuhle liqhagamshelene wesekethe ephambili kwinkqubo injini olupholisa.

retarder Electrodynamic. Yintoni na?

On a imisebenzi umgaqo efanayo kunye retarder electrodynamic. Yintoni na nendlela alwa ngayo umsebenzi walo, oku kuqondwe ngokubhekiswa imithetho electrodynamics. Icebo kwakhona ibe plane kunye stator, kwaye torque elekhtrons eyenziwe ngenxa yentsebenziswano yabo. Yiloo nje inxalenye ulwelo electro-magnetic intsimi edlala iimodareyitha. Emva kokusebenzisa i battery ngoku lungena ngokukhululekileyo i electric retarder stator jiko kusekwe lo mhlaba otsalayo apho plane iyajikeleza. Amafama kwemisinga eddy ukudala malungana intsimi loo yakha stator kunye plane uzuza imenza torque.

Njengoko retarders hydrodynamic isixa esikhulu ubushushu ngexesha lomsebenzi. Nobushushu kwezi lokubolekwa kukhokelela nokuphungulwa ukusebenza uze ugqibezele waso. Ukusetyenziswa lungapholi engamanzi retarder magnetic ngenxa yezizathu ezicacileyo, kunzima. Ngoko ke, lo isakhiwo isixhobo luquka izinto eziliqela ukwenza umsebenzi ngokukhuselwa nobushushu. Ivili amalungiselelo phezu ivili, leyo xa ijikelezwe kudala komoya enyamalala ubushushu eyenziwe. Kwakhona retarders electrodynamic banikwe nenkqubo umda yonikezelo ngoku xa nobushushu.

Intarder and akvatarder

Le ngasentla ke retarders ezisisiseko emaXhoseni. On nesiseko sayo, nabayili zidala iintlobo ezintsha retarders anokuthi ngokuba imifuziselo eziphuhlileyo yamandulo. Le nkampani uyifuna, inkokeli kwimarike yaseYurophu imveliso nxalenye izahlulo transmission, umzekelo, aye wahlanganisa retarder ngaphakathi idlule wabiza le intarder node.

Voith German, nto, nto ukuhlola kunye indawo retarder kwisithuthi kunye nokwakhiwa kulwelo ukusebenza. Enye yezinto - akvatarder - retarder, nto leyo ibekwe phambi kwe-injini kwaye isebenzisa isinqandi njengoko ulwelo ukusebenza. Loo retarder ogama ukusebenza umgaqo eyahlukileyo akukho kuso nasiphi na esinye isixhobo hydrodynamic akuyomfuneko ukupholisa unyanzelekile, leyo lula kakhulu uyilo kwaye yehlise ubunzima ecaleni.