Yintoni kwemisinga eddy?

Umbane singqongwe nje kuphela lemveliso kodwa kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Umntu akavumelekanga ukuba bazi ukuba misinga eddy ezinjalo, kodwa umsebenzi wenziwa, nazo yonke imihla. Umzekelo, abantu kudala zisetyenzisiwe ukukhanyisa izibane nje ngokucinezela i iswitshi iqhosha, ngaphandle ukucinga malunga neenkqubo ababandakanyekayo. Kwenzeka loo nto kanye kule meko. Ngoko ke, ukuze baqonde oko efihliweyo phantsi elithi "kwemisinga eddy eddy" kwaye ukuba ukujonga indlela kwazo, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukukhumbula iimpawu yangoku yombane. Kodwa kuqala, siya ukuphendula umbuzo othi, "kutheni Foucault?"

Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala kwemisinga eddy ziye abakhankanywe kwimibhalo yamachiza French Arago D. F. Uthethe yokuziphatha engaqhelekanga we disc yobhedu, apho ndaba batshintshana inaliti magnetized. Ngaphandle kwesizathu, disc uqala ku gqiba nge ujikeleziso notolo. Ngelo xesha (1824) uchaze le yokuziphatha bâthi, ke ngoko, into ebizwa ngokuba 'lo mkhuba Arago. " Kwiminyaka embalwa emva koko, enye ingcali yenzululwazi - Michael Faraday, esebenzisa isenzeko amazwe Arago ngayo umthetho yoqheliso magnetic, lifikelele kwisigqibo sokuba kule meko isindululo disc kube lula zichazwe ngokwemigaqo yalo Mthetho. Ngokutsho ingcaciso ecetywayo, batshintshana mhlaba otsalayo usebenza kwi-atom umqhubi (idiski yobhedu) Nokubengezelisa nentshukumo zokukhomba of ebizwayo amasuntswana (ngamaza) kwi sakhiwo. Enye iimpawu yangoku yombane kukuba ngeenxa umqhubi kukho kusoloko kukho mhlaba otsalayo. Predictably, yaye eddy imisinga bavelisa intsimi yabo esinxibelelana engundoqo, ke ukwenza. Igama elithi "omtsha" ichaza indlela yokwabelana kwemisinga ezinjalo umqhubi: indlela zabo kuthungelwano. Ngokusekelwe umsebenzi Arago kunye Faraday, imisinga eddy zihlolisiswe nzulu Foucault yemvelo. Ngenxa yoko, igama leyo.

Ezi imisinga kakhulu ezahlukene ukusuka yoqheliso eveliswe wenkunkuma. Ukuba kukho omtsha Imagnethi yomhlaba (alternating, ejikelezayo) kunye umqhubi ekufuphi, ngoko ke ngenxa yokuba isenzo kwamabala kagesi uqhutyelwe kwemisinga. I-ixabiso elikhulu kwaye bulkier umqhubi, kungona sangoku eyenziwe kwemisinga. Ngaphezu koko, imisinga eddy zisoloko ukudala mhlaba otsalayo aphikisana ukutshintsha kwemali. Njengoko kunyuka ngoku, i ingcambu amandla counter-electromotive ngoxa kuncitshiswa koko, intsimi eddy yangoku ugcina flow engundoqo. Le ngasentla kufuneka ube umthetho Lenz.

Ngokuqinisekileyo ayikwazi bathi, imisinga eddy luncedo okanye eyingozi kwezinye iimeko, zithathwa ngokuba zibubuxoki yaye kusetyenziswa izisombululo zeteknoloji ezahlukeneyo ukunciphisa kubo, ngoxa abanye, phezu koko, imfuno yiyo kanye iimpawu zezi misinga. inkwenkwe nganye ezintsha kanye ezifundekayo sombane aphoswe. Oluphambili (isiseko apho engathi ezo inxeba) akusoloko ukusekwa ebalulekileyo, kwaye ziqokelelwa ukusuka kwinani elikhulu zizixwexwe of ngentsimbi magnetic (ebizwa a elaminethiweyo). Onke amacandelo ubume kwipleyiti igutyungelwe kunye lacquer zokwambathisa kwaye ngumbhaki uxhulumaniso ekhuselekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha core ngakumbi wangenwa pin ekwanti. Loo ingxaki lolwakhiwo kwavusa: kuyimfuneko ukunciphisa kakhulu imisinga eddy kwi core. Eneneni, njengokuba kuthiwe, kokukhona omkhulu umqhubi, ubukhulu ukuxhathisa electric current kuyo anazo.

Kwezinye iimeko, ezinye iimpawu kwemisinga eddy zifunwa. Umzekelo, umsebenzi induction amaziko ezisekelwe ubushushu umqhubi kuba nomphumela omkhulu imisinga eddy eyabangelwa generator okhethekileyo. Ngapha koko, ukuba zisetyenziswa ukugqiba ubukho deffektov imperceptible kubume yesinyithi.