Bala Fedor Alekseevich Golovin engobomi, iimpawu imisebenzi kunye namanqaku anika umdla

(. 1650-1706 gg) Golovin Fedor Alekseevich wahlala Ekuveleni kwala maxesha: amaxesha aphakathi kunye mihla kwimbali Russian. Le ndoda zange lubalasele iimfazwe, neetalente zakhe ubukhulu becala kuloo izithunzi. Kule meko, Fedor Alexeevich Golovin Igrafu ulwazi evulekileyo ngaphantsi kwezinye ababephila uPetros Omkhulu. Noko ke, eli nani ludlale indima ebalulekileyo karhulumente Russian.

Golovin Fyodor Alekseevich: ibhayografi emfutshane

Malunga ubutsha zomzimba akukho iinkcukacha ezininzi. Golovin wazalwa ngo-1650 kwimfundo Primary nanako endlwini kayise. Ukususela ebuntwaneni wabonisa Fedor ukwazi, waba alwamkele kakhulu ukwazi ukuba ubomi bakhe buye baphucuka ngempumelelo. Russian ebhaliweyo intetho yakhe obungenasiphako. Esengumntwana, yena wafundisa Latin. Utitshala yakhe ngumguquleli Andrei Belobotsky. Maxa yobudala abadala, Fedor Alekseevich Golovin ukufunda ngokukhululekileyo ngumdla waba nengxoxo in Latin. Emva koko, wabafundisa yena IsiNgesi kunye Mongolian. Ngowe-1681, njengoko lommeli, Golovin waba e Astrakhan, kunye noyise. Kamva, yena wawongwa isikhundla sokuba umphathi.

Umsebenzi wokuqala zokubonisana

Phakathi kwinkulungwane XVII yaqala uphuhliso esebenzayo belizwe Amur - Dauria. izizwe abahlala apho ahlawule irhafu yonyaka mali ka-7-9 amawaka. p. Urhulumente Russian, ke, ngamandla yakhuthaza amazwe kwingingqi Amur ukwenza isiseko ukutya apha eMpuma eSiberia. Ngowe-1654 apha kwakhiwa ejele Albazinskiy. Izihlandlo eziliqela ehlaselwa. Eyokugqibela kwenzeka ngowe 1686. Lo monakalo kotshaba yabamba abantu 826 iinyanga ezili-10. Ngenxa yoko, live 70 abaseleyo. Urhulumente Russian engekakwazi ngelo xesha ukunika inkxaso efanelekileyo ukuba wabantu Dauria. Ngowe-1685, uPetros * kuKhesare Kang-hsi kunye mbuzo nemida yemida. urhulumente Russian wasebenzisa eli waza wathumela izigidimi ozakuzo ukugqiba isivumelwano soxolo. December 25, 1685 Golovin Fedor Alekseevich wamiselwa Plenipotentiary Ambassador eTshayina. Indlela eya Dauria wathabatha iinyanga 21, kunye zokumisa. Ukufika Tobolsk, Golovin waqokelela Cossack webutho, abantu 1,400. Phakathi kwabo kwakukho Pashennoye abalimi, zolwaphulo-mthetho kunye amabanjwa ezopolitiko. Ngelo xesha, imeko kummandla zamanzi. NgoJanuwari 1688 i Mongol Khan ifuna ukudluliselwa zokunyaniseka kunye nabantu irhafu ohlawula wayingqinga Udinsk kunye Selenginsk. NgoSeptemba Golovin wona bayiqhuba ngabahlaseli yisiwe kwisithili. Hillock taishas umkhosi, ukuphelisa sisisongelo Transbaikalia. Emva kwalo msebenzi waya Nerchinsk. Kulo mzi, ebanjwe iintetho. Agasti 12 nywa Russian kwaye Chinese badibana okokuqala.

Nerchin angu

Agasti 27, intlanganiso yesithathu loonozakuzaku. Kwintlanganiso, nokufunda isicatshulwa sivumelwano ngeelwimi ezintathu: isiManchu, Latin kunye Russian. Kumanqaku yesivumelwano zasekwa imida phakathi ithi p. Gorbitz, iintaba ilitye (Sanovomu Ridge) kunye kuLwandle Okhotsk. Russia for inxalenye yayo, eganelwe kutshabalalisa omeleza kwiphondo Albazinskogo kwaye beze izifundo zakhe. Kunye noludumileyo wamajoni, urhulumente Chinese iye yakwazi ikoloni okwethutyana yaseRussia Far East. Ngelo xesha Fedor Alekseevich Golovin Empire waluthethelela ekunene ukuya kummandla Trans-izimvu kunye kuLwandle Okhotsk. Umda ngqo phakathi kwamazwe lusekiwe kuphela efikelela embindini Amur. Russia yaba lilizwe lokuqala eYurophu akwazi ukufikelela kwisivumelwano kwi lorhwebo olukhululekileyo olukhoyo ne-China. nezifundiswa, Russian zifuna ngamandla ukufaka inqaku ezifanelekileyo kuloo mbhalo. Uxolo, eyasekwa yi isivumelwano, yaba eziqaqambise ekhethekileyo eRashiya. Amanye amanqaku zakhe ziye zenza phambi kokuba kuvunywe kwesivumelwano ngu Aigun 1858

anika umdla

Fedor Alekseevich Golovin ngokobuqu awayenyamekela ekomelezeni Nerchinsk. Ukongeza, inqaba ngomthi Udinsk yakhiwa phantsi kweliso lakhe. Kwakhona, irhafu iintlawulo uboya ziye zabuyiselwa kunye nezizwe onkotskih, emaqandeni, tunguzskih, tabunutskih. Mongolian wesihlangu ngezigaba uhlaselo zaye ungayithandi phantsi kweliso Golovin kwintsimi ilawulwa yi-Russia. Ngowe-1689, wathumela uhambo ukuya efikelela kuyo. Argun. Kukho uyaziwa ore yesilivere.

iphulo Azov

Kwiijenali zenzululwazi kusekho imbambano malunga nxaxheba oonozakuzaku Okwemfazwe eziqhutywe. Okwangoku, wadlala indima ebalulekileyo blank iimbumbulu kunye nokutya izinto zomkhosi Russian, kwakunye nokubonelela umbono omuhle eYurophu malunga eRashiya neenjongo iiyadi kweli phulo 2nd Azov. W May 1696 butho umthetho yi Admiral Fyodor Golovin, bendivula evela Voronezh. Kwabanjwa intlanganiso "Printsypum" kuhamba. Kwagqitywa ukuba ahlasele iinqanawa ezimbini zihleli kwi iindlela ngezantsi Azov. Noko ke, emva kokuba uphando lubonise ukuba kukho 24 nezitya ezincinane ne-13 imikhumbi Turkish. Sagqiba ukuyi- ukusebenza. NgoMeyi 20, i-Cossacks wahlasela ngamava Minyaeva emi iindlela fleet Turks. Imikhumbi ukuba sele utshiswe, yaye ezinye - saa. Julayi 19 Azov ikampu yanikezela.

"Mkhulu Embassy"

Emva kokuba Princess Sophia waye tonsured nhloko, waza eBha- V. V. Golitsyn, umyalelo Ambassadorial kwaye urhulumente waqalisa ukukhokela ngokusesikweni i-LK Naryshkin - umalume yokumkani. Noko ke, ukuba linxila kunye sybarite, waba ixesha elincinane enikelwe ishishini. Zonke kunokuba ngokwenene walawula E. I. Ukraintsev - Unobhala webhunga. Yaba nguye ekuqaleni kuDisemba 1696 yabhengeza ummiselo mlawuli malunga izixhobo mission kumazwe aseYurophu. Injongo yayo ukuqinisa imikhosi ekulweni i-ndlongo Turkish. Ukongeza, uPetros wathembela kwinkxaso-mali kunye zomkhosi ongumKristu ithi. Ukulungiswa kunye nokucwangciswa uthumo lulele ngokupheleleyo e Golovin. March 10, 1697 oonozakuzaku awayeyishiye. Nikolsky. NgoMeyi 18, uthumo safika Königsberg, Aga 16 - Amsterdam, 16 Juni - eVienna. Yonke izigidimi Russian banikwa wondamkela yinzwakazi. Amazwe, kwaye ingakumbi Count Fedor Alekseevich Golovin, wafumana ezininzi izipho zezikhumbozo. Noko ke, injongo yale uthumo zange iphumelele. Kuthe nje ukuba ukwalathisa uthethathethwano, nookumkani yookumkani kumazwe aseYurophu baye kuphela ukuba izithembiso ngomlomo ukuba usekelwe naziphi na izivumelwano ezibhaliweyo. Noko ke, imisebenzi loonozakuzaku kwanceda ukoyisa bodwa zopolitiko yoBukhosi baseRashiya, kwakunye iludibaniso lwayo kurhwebo lwehlabathi eYurophu. Ukongeza, Fedor Alekseevich Golovin buqu ezaziphethe futhi waqondisa nokugaywa inkonzo Russian zomyalelo 800 iinjineli, oogqirha, amagosa. Kukuthatha kwakhe, amashumi amawaka afohlela zaye zathengwa kunye bayonets, ababengengabo eRashiya. Golovin lo msebenzi sele uhlobo yesikolo amazwe aseYurophu. E Vienna, wamkela intsikelelo kumkani kunye nezipho ezininzi. Golovin emva Menshikov waba ngummi yesibini Russian, bavuselwa kwisihloko Count of the Holy uBukhosi baseRoma.

imisebenzi yolawulo

Emva kokubuya Enkulu Mission Golovin waba yintloko phezu Novgorod, Little Russian, Ustyug, ESmolensk, imiyalelo Yamskogo, Mint, kwikota Galician, i Chamber of zesilivere weengcibi zegolide, kwakunye Izikrweqe. Le ephezulu ibonakalisa kuphela ukuzithemba olukhulu kaPetros kodwa ke iziphiwo zakho, uxanduva olupheleleyo kunye nokusebenza ozakuzo. Kunjalo Golovin waqhubeka ukunikela ingqalelo enkulu kwizicwangciso emkhosini. February 19, 1699 waba yintloko Abameli komyalelo. Kunyaka ongaphambili - December 11, 1698 - wayiqhubela isebe yomkhosi. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba Golovin engazihlambanga ulwazi olwaneleyo okanye amava kwimicimbi aselwandle. Kule meko, imisebenzi ngqo maritime, akazange aphazamisane. imisebenzi yayo ziquka zokugaya ngenxa wenqanawa nomkhosi, ulawulo lwemveliso kunye nokuthengwa kwezixhobo, ezothutho kunye njalo njalo.

Nempi Sweden

Lungiselela ukulwa eRashiya ekhuthele, kodwa lonakele linani iingxaki zoqoqosho. umsebenzi ezinkulu zokubonisana lwaqhutywa phambi kokuba yokusebenza imikhosi Russian. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba amazwe angaphandle akazange abonise umnqweno ukugcina eRussia. Sekunjalo, lo bukhosi weza wozakuzo eOstriya, Turkey, eHolland kunye Poland. Ngaloo ndlela waqala ukwakha amapolisa ozakuzo, kwizakhono zabo knowledges akukho kwahluka Western. amanani imizamo kwanciphisa umsebenzi Karl XII, leyo ukuba uPetros ukubuyisela umkhosi emva kokoyiswa e Narva. Imfazwe osemanzini kakhulu karhulumente. Ngowe-1699, igama iprojekthi iphepha Golovin zigximfizwe wathunyelwa. Njengoko intloko Mint, uye sele ukulawula recoinage Efimkov iingqekembe Russian. Ngenxa kukwehla ngokomlinganiselo zesilivere ixesha elifutshane, uzinzo kwezemali kuye kwaphunyezwa.

kwiminyaka yakutshanje

Kwisingqi ubomi Golovin wayesoyika kakhulu. Ngentwasahlobo yowe-1706, uPetros Ukraine, elindele ayehlasela balwa. Ukusuka apho, wafuna kuye Golovin. NgoMeyi, wabhalela-moya, nto leyo iya kuthunyelwa eKiev. Noko ke, abanye umsebenzi ongxamisekileyo ambamba. Kuphela ekupheleni kuka Juni, wakwazi ukuhamba eMoscow. Kwisixeko samandulo ezintle, akhale ngequbuliso wagula waza wafa ngoJulayi 30, kakade Glukhov. Kumsitho yokufa kwakhe kwi lwaphela inkonzo yomngcwabo. Umngcwabo kwenzeka kuphela Februwari 22, 1707 g, kwiinyanga ezimbalwa emva kokufa. Kwi umyalelo lobuqu uPetros kwenziwa mfanekiso. Ibonisa ukuba Umngcwabo uhlaza kakhulu.